Current Electricity for IB Edexcel Physics | IB Edexcel 物理：电流 考点精讲

📚 Current Electricity for IB Edexcel Physics | IB Edexcel 物理：电流 考点精讲

Current electricity is a fundamental topic in both IB and Edexcel Physics, forming the basis for circuit analysis and electromagnetism. A clear understanding of charge flow, potential difference, resistance, and power is essential for tackling examination questions. This revision guide highlights the key concepts, equations, and common pitfalls to help you master the topic.

电流是 IB 和 Edexcel 物理中的基础课题，为电路分析和电磁学奠定基础。清晰理解电荷流动、电势差、电阻和功率对于解决考试题目至关重要。本复习指南突出关键概念、方程和常见陷阱，助你掌握这一主题。

1. Electric Charge and Current | 电荷与电流

Electric current (I) is the rate of flow of electric charge. If a net charge ΔQ passes through a cross-section of a conductor in time Δt, the current is given by I = ΔQ / Δt. The SI unit of current is the ampere (A), where 1 A = 1 C s⁻¹. Charge is a conserved quantity; the total charge entering a junction equals the total charge leaving it.

电流 (I) 是电荷流动的速率。如果净电荷 ΔQ 在时间 Δt 内通过导体的横截面，则电流由 I = ΔQ / Δt 给出。电流的国际单位是安培 (A)，1 A = 1 C s⁻¹。电荷是守恒量；流入节点的总电荷等于流出节点的总电荷。

I = ΔQ / Δt

Although current has a designated direction, it is a scalar quantity. The direction of conventional current is defined as the direction in which positive charge carriers would move. In metallic conductors, the actual charge carriers are electrons, which drift in the opposite direction to conventional current.

尽管电流有指定方向，但它是一个标量。传统电流的方向被定义为正电荷载流子移动的方向。在金属导体中，实际的电荷载流子是电子，

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