Year 8 WJEC Computer Science: Key Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | WJEC八年级计算机：关键术语速记指南

📚 Year 8 WJEC Computer Science: Key Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | WJEC八年级计算机：关键术语速记指南

Mastering the essential vocabulary in computer science is the first step towards becoming a confident digital creator and problem solver. This guide covers key terms from the WJEC Year 8 curriculum, grouped by topic, with simple explanations in both English and Chinese. Use these memory-friendly definitions to boost your revision and ace your assessments.

掌握计算机科学的基本词汇是成为自信的数字创造者和问题解决者的第一步。本指南涵盖 WJEC 八年级课程中的关键术语，按主题分组，并提供中英双语简明解释。利用这些有助于记忆的定义来提升复习效果，在评估中取得优异成绩。

1. Hardware Components | 硬件组件

Hardware includes all the physical parts of a computer system. Understanding these building blocks helps you see how a computer works.

硬件包括计算机系统中所有的物理部件。了解这些构件有助于你理解计算机是如何工作的。

CPU (Central Processing Unit) – The main chip that carries out instructions from programs. It is often called the brain of the computer.

CPU（中央处理器） – 执行程序指令的主芯片，通常被称为计算机的大脑。

RAM (Random Access Memory) – Fast, temporary storage that holds the data and programs currently in use. When you turn off the computer, RAM is cleared.

RAM（随机存取存储器） – 快速临时存储器，存放当前正在使用的数据和程序。计算机关机后，RAM 中的数据会被清除。

Motherboard – The main circuit board that connects all the components, allowing them to communicate.

主板 – 连接所有组件的主要电路板，使它们能够相互通信。

Power Supply Unit (PSU) – Converts electricity from the wall outlet into the correct voltages for the computer’s internal parts.

电源供应器（PSU） – 将墙壁插座中的交流电转换为计算机内部部件所需的正确电压。

2. Software Types | 软件类型

Software is the set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do. It is divided into two main categories: system software and application software.

软件是告诉硬件该做什么的指令集。它主要分为两类：系统软件和应用软件。

Operating System (OS) – System software that manages hardware, runs applications, and provides a user interface. Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux.

操作系统 (OS) – 管理硬件、运行应用程序并提供用户界面的系统软件。例如：Windows、macOS、Linux。

Application Software – Programs designed to perform specific tasks for the user, such as word processors, web browsers, and games.

应用软件 – 为用户执行特定任务而设计的程序，如文字处理器、网页浏览器和游戏。

Utility Software – A type of system software that helps maintain, analyse or protect the computer. Examples include antivirus programs and disk cleanup tools.

实用软件 – 一种帮助维护、分析或保护计算机的系统软件。例如防病毒程序和磁盘清理工具。

3. Input, Output and Peripher

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