Core Knowledge Refresher for Year 11 OCR Statistics | Year 11 OCR 统计：核心知识点梳理

📚 Core Knowledge Refresher for Year 11 OCR Statistics | Year 11 OCR 统计：核心知识点梳理

Welcome to this comprehensive refresher guide covering the core topics of the Year 11 OCR Statistics course. Whether you are preparing for exams or consolidating your understanding, this article systematically breaks down the essential concepts, definitions, and techniques you need to master. Each section pairs English explanations with Chinese translations to support bilingual learners.

欢迎来到这份针对 Year 11 OCR 统计课程核心知识点的综合梳理指南。无论是备考冲刺还是巩固所学，这篇文章系统地分解了你需要掌握的关键概念、定义和技巧。每个部分都以中英双语对照呈现，以帮助双语学习者加深理解。

1. Types of Data and Data Collection | 数据类型与数据收集

Data can be classified as qualitative (categorical) or quantitative (numerical). Qualitative data are non-numerical, such as eye colour or type of car. Quantitative data consist of numbers and can be discrete (countable, e.g. number of students) or continuous (measurable, e.g. height).

数据可分为定性（分类）数据和定量（数值）数据。定性数据是非数值的，如眼睛颜色或汽车类型。定量数据由数字组成，可分为离散型（可

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