IGCSE CAIE English Literature: Quick Glossary Memory Guide | IGCSE CAIE 英语文学：词汇术语速记指南

📚 IGCSE CAIE English Literature: Quick Glossary Memory Guide | IGCSE CAIE 英语文学：词汇术语速记指南

Memorising literary terms is not about reciting a dictionary; it is about building a toolkit for analysing unseen poetry, prose and drama. This guide focuses on the key terms CAIE IGCSE English Literature candidates need, with clear definitions, memorable examples and quick memory hooks.

记忆文学术语不是为了背诵词典，而是为了建立分析诗歌、散文和戏剧的工具箱。本指南聚焦 CAIE IGCSE 英语文学考生需要掌握的核心术语，提供清晰的定义、易记的例子和快速记忆钩子。

1. Sound Devices: Alliteration, Assonance, Sibilance, Onomatopoeia | 声音技巧：头韵、元音韵、咝音、拟声

Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in neighbouring words, as in ‘the fierce fire flickered’. Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds inside words, as in ‘the cold old oak’. Sibilance is the hissing effect of repeated s, sh, ch or soft c sounds, as in ‘the snake slid silently’. Onomatopoeia uses words that imitate sounds, such as ‘buzz’, ‘hiss’ or ‘clang’.

头韵是相邻词语开头辅音音的重复，如 ‘the fierce fire flickered’。元音韵是词语内部元音音的重复，如 ‘the cold old oak’。咝音是由重复的 s、sh、ch 或软 c 音所产生的嘶嘶声效果，如 ‘the snake slid silently’。拟声使用模仿声音的词，如 ‘buzz’、’hiss’ 或 ‘clang’。

Memory hook: Alliteration attacks at the start; Assonance echoes vowels; Sibilance sounds like a snake; Onomatopoeia copies a sound.

记忆钩子：头韵在开头 ‘攻击’；元音韵回响元音；咝音听起来像蛇；拟声复制声音。

2. Figurative Language: Simile, Metaphor, Personification | 比喻语言：明喻、暗喻、拟人

A simile explicitly compares two things using ‘like’ or ‘as’: ‘she ran like the wind’. A metaphor states that one thing is another: ‘the classroom was a zoo’. Personification gives human qualities to non-human objects or ideas: ‘the stars danced’.

明喻用 ‘like’ 或 ‘as’ 明确比较两个事物：’she ran like the wind’。暗喻直接说一个事物是另一个事物：’the classroom was a zoo’。拟人把人的特质赋予非人对象或概念：’the stars danced’。

Memory hook: Simile has ‘like’ or ‘as’, so it is similar; Metaphor eliminates ‘like’ or ‘as’; Personification turns an object into a person.

记忆钩子：明喻有 ‘like’ 或 ‘as’，所以是 ‘相似’；暗喻去掉 ‘like’ 或 ‘as’；拟人把物变成人。

3. Word Choice and Imagery: Diction, Sensory Imagery, Symbol | 遣词与意象：措辞、感官意象、象征

Diction means the writer’s choice of words, especially their connotations. Sensory imagery appeals to the five senses of sight, sound, touch, taste and smell to create vivid pictures. A symbol is an object, person or action that represents a larger idea, such as a dove representing peace.

措辞是作者的选词，尤其是词语的内涵意义。感官意象诉诸视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉和嗅觉五种感官，以创造鲜活的画面。象征是代表更大概念的事物、人物或行为，例如鸽子代表和平。

Memory hook: Diction = dictionary choice; Imagery = five senses; Symbol = stands for something beyond itself.

记忆钩子：措辞 = 词典选词；意象 = 五种感官；象征 = 代表自身之外的事物。

4. Irony and Contrast: Irony, Oxymoron, Juxtaposition | 反讽与对比：反讽、矛盾修饰、并列对比

Irony occurs when there is a gap between appearance and reality, or between what is said and what is meant. An oxymoron joins two opposite words, such as ‘bittersweet’ or ‘deafening silence’. Juxtaposition places two contrasting ideas, characters or images side by side to highlight their differences.

反讽出现在表象与现实、或所说与所指之间存在落差时。矛盾修饰把两个相反的词连接在一起，如 ‘bittersweet’ 或 ‘deafening silence’。并列对比将两个对立的观点、人物或形象并置，以突出差异。

Memory hook: Irony = expectation vs reality; Oxymoron = two-word contradiction; Juxtaposition = side-by-side contrast.

记忆钩子：反讽 = 预期对比现实；矛盾修饰 = 两词冲突；并列对比 = 并排对照。

5. Structure and Form: Stanza, Rhyme Scheme, Free Verse | 结构与形式：诗节、韵式、自由诗

A stanza is a grouped set of lines in a poem, often called a ‘paragraph of poetry’. Rhyme scheme is the pattern of end rhymes, marked with letters such as ABAB. Free verse has no regular rhyme or metre, so its rhythm follows natural speech.

诗节是诗歌中成组排列的诗行，常被称为 ‘诗歌段落’。韵式是行尾押韵的模式，用 ABAB 等字母标注。自由诗没有固定韵式或格律，因此其节奏跟随自然语言。

Memory hook: Stanza = room in a poem; Rhyme scheme = letter pattern; Free verse = no rules.

记忆钩子：诗节 = 诗歌中的房间；韵式 = 字母模式；自由诗 = 没有规则。

6. Sound of the Line: Enjambment, Caesura, Rhythm | 诗行之音：跨行、行中停顿、节奏

Enjambment occurs when a sentence runs over the end of a line without punctuation, creating a flowing, urgent effect. A caesura is a strong pause inside a line, often marked by punctuation such as a full stop or dash. Rhythm is the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables, often described as the ‘beat’ of a poem.

跨行是指句子在没有标点的情况下越过行尾，产生流动、紧迫的效果

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