IGCSE CAIE Psychology: Unit Mock Exam Analysis | IGCSE CAIE 心理学：单元测试模拟卷解析

📚 IGCSE CAIE Psychology: Unit Mock Exam Analysis | IGCSE CAIE 心理学：单元测试模拟卷解析

This unit mock paper is designed to mirror the Cambridge IGCSE Psychology (0455) structure, mixing short-answer items on core approaches with scenario-based research methods questions. It covers the biological, cognitive, social and learning approaches, so you can rehearse the exact assessment objectives before the real examination.

本单元模拟卷仿照剑桥 IGCSE 心理学（0455）题型，将核心流派简答题与基于情境的研究方法题混合编排。试卷覆盖生物、认知、社会与学习流派，帮助你提前演练真实考试所要求的全部评估目标。

Each section below reviews a representative question, unpacks the marking scheme, and shows how to turn a vague answer into a high-band response.

下面每个部分选取一道代表性题目，拆解评分标准，并示范如何把一个含糊答案升级为高分答案。

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1. Mock Paper Overview | 模拟卷概览

The paper usually opens with two or three short knowledge-based questions, then moves to a 6-mark extended response, and finishes with a methods-data scenario. This structure reflects the real Paper 1 and Paper 2 balance between core studies and research evaluation.

试卷通常先出现两至三道简短知识题，接着是一道 6 分扩展题，最后以研究方法与数据情境题收尾。这一结构与真实 Paper 1 和 Paper 2 在核心研究与研究评价之间的平衡保持一致。

Use the first minute of the mock to scan every question. Mark the command words, underline the mark allocations, and decide which questions need definitions, explanations or evaluations.

拿到模拟卷后，先用一分钟浏览全部题目。圈出指令词，标出分值，并判断哪些题目需要下定义、解释原因或进行评价。

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2. Command Words and Mark Allocation | 指令词与分值分配

Before answering any question, highlight the command word. In CAIE IGCSE Psychology, state asks for a brief fact, describe needs detail, explain adds reason, and evaluate requires strengths, weaknesses or alternative explanations.

答题前要先圈出指令词。在 CAIE IGCSE 心理学中，state 只需写简短事实，describe 需要细节，explain 要给出原因，而 evaluate 要求陈述优点、缺点或其他解释。

Mark allocation is your map: a 2-mark “describe” question needs two linked points; a 6-mark “explain and evaluate” question needs at least one developed explanation and one balanced evaluation point.

分值就是答题地图：一道 2 分“描述”题只需两个相关要点；一道 6 分“解释与评价”题至少需要一个展开的解释和一个正反兼顾的评价点。

Command Word | 指令词	What It Requires | 要求
State	One clear fact or term.
Describe	Say what happens or what is shown.
Explain	Give a reason, mechanism or theory link.
Evaluate	Discuss strengths, weaknesses or alternatives.

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3. Question 1: Biological Psychology – Brain and Behaviour | 生物心理学：大脑与行为

Sample question: “Describe one study of brain scanning and explain what it suggests about localisation of function.” This type of item tests your knowledge of method, findings and conclusion, not just the name of a brain region.

样题：“描述一项脑部扫描研究，并解释它对大脑功能定位说明了什么。”这类题目考查的是研究方法、研究结果和结论，而不仅仅是脑区的名称。

A strong answer identifies a named technique such as fMRI, states that it measures oxygenated blood flow, links activity to a region such as the amygdala or hippocampus, and then explains that when a cognitive task activates that region, it supports the idea that this area has a specialised role.

高分答案会先点明 fMRI 等具体技术，说明它测量含氧血流量，将活动对应到杏仁核或海马体等区域，然后解释当某种认知任务激活该区域时，就支持了该脑区具有专门功能的观点。

You do not need to explain every technical detail of the scanner. The mark scheme rewards selection of relevant detail: technique, task, brain region, and a conclusion about localisation.

你不需要解释扫描仪的所有技术细节。评分标准奖励的是相关细节的选择：技术、任务、脑区和关于功能定位的结论。

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4. Model Answer Breakdown for Question 1 | 第一题模型答案拆解

Model answer frame: “One study used fMRI scans while participants viewed emotional images. The amygdala showed increased activation when images were highly emotional rather than neutral. This suggests localisation because a specific emotional process was linked to a specific brain structure, not the whole brain.”

模型答案框架：“一项研究在参与者观看情绪图片时使用功能性磁共振成像扫描。观看高情绪图片时杏仁核的激活显著高于中性图片。这支持功能定位，因为特定情绪加工与特定脑结构相联，而非整个大脑同时参与。”

Examiner tip: always include the technique, the task, the finding and the conclusion. Most candidates lose marks by naming the technique but failing to connect the result to the localisation claim.

考官提示：一定要包含技术、任务、结果和结论四个要素。大多数考生只写出技术名称，却没有把结果与功能定位的结论连接起来，因此失分。

If the question asks for one study, choose one named study and stay with it. Do not list three studies in general terms; depth and linkage matter more than breadth.

如果题目只要求一项研究，就选一项具体研究并坚持写到底。不要泛泛列举三项研究；深度和关联比广度更重要。

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5. Question 2: Cognitive Psychology – Memory | 认知心理学：记忆

Sample question: “Explain the multi-store model of memory and evaluate it using one study.” This question combines knowledge of a model with critical thinking about evidence.

样题：“解释记忆多存储模型，并引用一项研究进行评价。”这道题既考查对模型的了解，也考查利用证据进行批判性思维的能力。

The multi-store model includes sensory register, short-term memory and long-term memory. Information moves by attention and rehearsal. STM has limited capacity and duration, while LTM has unlimited capacity and can be permanent.

多存储模型包括感觉登记、短时记忆和长时记忆。信息通过注意和复述发生转移。短时记忆容量和持续时间有限，而长时记忆容量无限且可长期保存。

Do not write only definitions. You need to explain how the stores interact, because the “model” is about flow and transfer, not simply three boxes.

不要只写定义。你需要解释各存储系统如何相互作用，因为“模型”的核心是信息流动与转移，而不只是三个盒子。

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6. Model Answer Breakdown for Question 2 | 第二题模型答案拆解

For evaluation, many students use the serial position effect or the case of HM. A good evaluative point needs to say what the evidence shows and whether it supports or challenges the model.

评价部分，许多学生会使用系列位置效应或 HM 个案。好的评价点必须说明证据显示什么，以及它是支持还是质疑该模型。

Example: “The serial position effect supports separate STM and LTM stores: participants recall more words from the beginning (LTM) and end (STM) of a list. However, the model may be too simple because it treats STM as a single passive store, whereas Baddeley’s working memory model shows STM has several active components.”

例如：“系列位置效应支持短时记忆和长时记忆的分离：参与者对词表开头（长时记忆）和结尾（短时记忆）的词回忆更好。但该模型可能过于简单，因为它把短时记忆当作单一被动存储；巴德利工作记忆模型表明短时记忆包含多个主动成分。”

Always link the study to the model. Do not just describe the study: make the support or challenge explicit by using phrases such as “this supports the idea that…” or “this challenges the assumption that…”.

一定要把研究联系到模型。不要只描述研究，要通过“这支持了……观点”或“这质疑了……

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