IGCSE WJEC Physical Education: Intensive Winter Revision Plan | IGCSE WJEC 体育：寒假强化复习计划

📚 IGCSE WJEC Physical Education: Intensive Winter Revision Plan | IGCSE WJEC 体育：寒假强化复习计划

The winter break is a decisive window for IGCSE WJEC Physical Education candidates. It offers enough time to rebuild weak topics, practise exam-style questions and develop a realistic performance analysis plan without the pressure of regular school lessons.

寒假是 IGCSE WJEC 体育考生扭转局面的关键时期。这段时间足够你重新巩固薄弱专题、练习考试题型，并在没有日常学校课程压力的情况下制定切实可行的运动表现分析计划。

This revision guide breaks the syllabus into ten focused sections and provides a day-by-day strategy, common pitfalls and active recall methods tailored to WJEC assessment objectives.

本复习指南将考纲拆分为十个重点模块，并提供逐日策略、常见错误和主动回忆方法，紧扣 WJEC 评估目标。

---

1. Understand the Exam Structure and Assessment Objectives | 了解考试结构与评估目标

The WJEC GCSE Physical Education qualification usually combines a written theory paper with a practical performance and analysis component. Many candidates lose marks because they revise content but do not know how AO1, AO2 and AO3 marks are awarded.

WJEC GCSE 体育通常由笔试理论卷加实践表现与分析部分组成。许多考生丢分，是因为只复习知识点，却不清楚 AO1、AO2、AO3 分数如何分配。

AO1 tests knowledge and recall, AO2 tests application to sporting examples, and AO3 tests analysis and evaluation. Keep these command words visible during revision: define, describe, explain, evaluate.

AO1 考查知识与记忆，AO2 考查将知识应用到运动实例，AO3 考查分析与评价。复习时要把这些指令词放在手边：定义、描述、解释、评价。

• AO1: recall of facts, terms and definitions | AO1：回忆事实、术语和定义
• AO2: apply knowledge to named sports | AO2：将知识应用到指定运动项目
• AO3: analyse data, evaluate performance or justify choices | AO3：分析数据、评价表现或论证选择

---

2. Diagnostic Self-Test and Priority Setting | 诊断性自测与优先级设定

Before building a timetable, take a diagnostic test using a WJEC past paper or a syllabus checklist. Mark each topic as red, amber or green so that revision time goes to the weakest areas first.

在制定时间表之前，先用 WJEC 真题或考纲清单做一次诊断性测试。将每个专题标记为红、黄、绿三级，以便复习时间优先分配给最薄弱的部分。

A red topic means you cannot recall key definitions or apply them to sport without help. An amber topic means you recognise the idea but cannot yet explain it in an exam answer. A green topic means you can recall and apply it confidently.

红色专题意味着你无法在没有帮助的情况下回忆关键定义或将其应用到运动实例。黄色专题意味着你认识这个概念，但还不能在考试答案中解释清楚。绿色专题意味着你可以自信地回忆并应用。

Topic | 专题	Confidence | 信心等级	Action | 行动
Health & Fitness | 健康与体适能	Green | 绿色	Quick recall quiz | 快速回忆测验
Muscular System | 肌肉系统	Amber | 黄色	Diagram labelling | 标注图表
Movement Analysis | 动作分析	Red | 红色	Daily lever practice | 每日杠杆练习

• Red topics: revise daily and test after 24 hours | 红色专题：每日复习，并在 24 小时后自测
• Amber topics: revise every two days using mind maps | 黄色专题：每两天用思维导图复习
• Green topics: weekly quick recall only | 绿色专题：每周快速回忆即可

---

3. Health, Training and Fitness Components | 健康、训练与体适能要素

Health-related fitness includes cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition. Skill-related fitness includes agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time and speed.

健康相关体适能包括心血管耐力、肌肉力量、肌肉耐力、柔韧性和身体成分。技能相关体适能包括敏捷、平衡、协调、爆发力、反应时间和速度。

Use the FITT principle to design training sessions: Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type. For aerobic endurance, apply continuous training; for speed, apply interval training.

运用 FITT 原则设计训练课：频率、强度、时间和类型。发展有氧耐力可用持续训练；发展速度可用间歇训练。

Remember the principles of training SPORV: Specificity, Progression, Overload, Reversibility and Variety. Overload can be achieved by changing FITT variables.

记住训练原则 SPORV：针对性、渐进性、超负荷、可逆性和多样性。超负荷可以通过改变 FITT 变量来实现。

HRmax = 220 − age | 最大心率 = 220 − 年龄

Aerobic training zone ≈ 60–80% HRmax | 有氧训练区 ≈ 最大心率的 60–80%

---

4. Skeletal and Muscular Systems | 骨骼与肌肉系统

Identify the axial and appendicular skeleton and the functions of the skeleton: support, protection, movement, mineral storage and blood cell production. Learn the synovial joint structure: cartilage, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, ligaments and tendons.

分清中轴骨与附肢骨，并掌握骨骼的功能：支撑、保护、运动、矿物质储存和血细胞生成。学习滑液关节结构：软骨、滑膜、滑液、韧带和肌腱。

For movement analysis, name the agonist and antagonist at hinge joints, such as the elbow and knee, and ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip. Example: in a biceps curl, the biceps brachii is the agonist and the triceps brachii is the antagonist.

进行动作分析时，要说出铰链关节（肘、膝）和球窝关节（肩、髋）中的主动肌与拮抗肌。例如，在肱二头肌弯举中，肱二头肌是主动肌，肱三头肌是拮抗肌。

Know isotonic concentric, isotonic eccentric and isometric contractions with sporting examples. In a biceps curl, the lifting phase is concentric and the lowering phase is eccentric; a plank is isometric.

掌握等张向心收缩、等张离心收缩和等长收缩，并各举运动实例。在肱二头肌弯举中，举起阶段是向心收缩，下放阶段是离心收缩；平板支撑是等长收缩。

---

5. Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems | 心血管与呼吸系统

Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Use the equation:

心输出量是心脏每分钟泵出的血液量。使用以下公式：

Cardiac output = stroke volume × heart rate | 心输出量 = 每搏输出量 × 心率

During exercise, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output increase, while resting heart rate decreases with long-term aerobic training.

运动时，心率、每搏输出量和心输出量都会增加；长期有氧训练后，安静心率会下降。

The respiratory system includes tidal volume, vital capacity and minute ventilation. Oxygen debt occurs during anaerobic work and is repaid by heavy breathing after exercise.

呼吸系统包括潮气量、肺活量和每分通气量。无氧运动时产生氧债，运动后通过急促呼吸偿还。

Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration: aerobic uses oxygen and produces CO₂ and H₂O; anaerobic without oxygen produces lactic acid and less ATP.

比较有氧呼吸与无氧呼吸：有氧呼吸利用氧气，产生二氧化碳和水；无氧呼吸无氧参与，产生乳酸和较少 ATP。

---

6. Movement Analysis and Biomechanics | 运动分析与生物力学

Understand planes of movement: sagittal, which runs front to back; frontal, which runs side to side; and transverse, which divides the body into top and bottom. Apply each plane to a somersault, cartwheel and discus throw.

理解运动平面：矢状面，从前到后运动；额状面，从一侧到另一侧运动；水平面，将身体分为上下两部分。将每个平面对应到空翻、侧手翻和铁饼投掷。

Levers are classified as first, second and third class. In the body, most levers are third class, such as the elbow during flexion, where effort is between fulcrum and load.

杠杆分为第一、第二和第三类。人体大多数杠杆是第三类，例如肘关节屈曲时，动力位于支点和阻力之间。

Mechanical advantage = effort arm ÷ resistance arm | 机械利益 = 力臂 ÷ 阻力臂

A longer effort arm gives greater mechanical advantage. This explains why a longer tennis racket or a lower grip in weightlifting can alter force or speed outcomes.

力臂越长，机械利益越大。这解释了为什么较长的网球拍或举重中较低的握距会改变力量或速度输出。

---

7. Sports Psychology and Skill Acquisition | 运动心理学与技能习得

Classify skills as open or closed, gross or fine, discrete, serial or continuous, and self-paced or externally-paced. Use examples from invasion games, gymnastics and athletics.

将技能分类为开放/封闭、粗大

Published by TutorHao | IGCSE 体育 Revision Series | aleveler.com

更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）