📚 Electrolysis | 电解
Electrolysis is the decomposition of an ionic compound, either molten or dissolved in water, by a direct electric current. It uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction and is studied in the Cambridge A-Level Chemistry syllabus under electrochemistry.
电解是通过直流电使熔融态或水溶液中的离子化合物分解的过程。它利用电能驱动非自发的氧化还原反应，属于剑桥 A-Level 化学大纲中电化学部分的核心内容。
1. What is Electrolysis? | 什么是电解
In electrolysis, an external power supply pushes electrons through the external circuit. At the cathode, which is connected to the negative terminal, reduction gains electrons. At the anode, connected to the positive terminal, oxidation loses electrons.
在电解过程中，外部电源推动电子流经外电路。阴极与电源负极相连，发生还原反应得到电子；阳极与电源正极相连，发生氧化反应失去电子。
The overall change is non-spontaneous. A spontaneous galvanic cell converts chemical energy to electrical energy, but an electrolytic cell does the opposite: it converts electrical energy to chemical energy.
整个过程是非自发的。自发的原电池将化学能转化为
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