Photosynthesis | 光合作用

📚 Photosynthesis | 光合作用

This revision article covers the Edexcel IGCSE Science (Biology) topic of photosynthesis, with bilingual explanations, equations and exam advice.

这篇复习文章涵盖Edexcel IGCSE科学（生物）科目中的光合作用专题，包含双语解释、方程式和考试建议。

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. It is the foundation of almost all food chains and the main source of atmospheric oxygen.

光合作用是绿色植物和一些其他生物利用阳光、二氧化碳和水制造葡萄糖和氧气的过程。它几乎是所有食物链的基础，也是大气中氧气的主要来源。

1. What is Photosynthesis? | 什么是光合作用？

Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, which contain the green pigment chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy and uses it to power the reaction between carbon dioxide and water. The energy is stored in the chemical bonds of glucose.

光合作用发生在植物细胞的叶绿体中，叶绿体含有绿色色素叶绿素。叶绿素吸收光能，并利用光能驱动二氧化碳与水之间的反应。能量以化学键的形式储存在葡萄糖中。

Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction, because it takes in energy from the surroundings in the form of light.

光合作用是一个吸热反应，因为它以光的形式从周围环境中吸收能量。

2. The Word and Chemical Equations | 文字方程与化学方程

In words: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen, in the presence of light and chlorophyll.

用文字表示：二氧化碳 + 水 → 葡萄糖 + 氧气，条件是光照和叶绿素。

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

二氧化碳 + 水 → 葡萄糖

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