📚 AS AQA PH01 International Physics Insert Explained | AS AQA PH01 国际物理插页解析
The insert booklet provided in the AQA International AS Physics PH01 examination contains essential data, formulae, and relationships that you may refer to throughout the paper. For the 9 January 2023 session, the insert serves as your mathematical toolkit and constant reference. This guide explains its structure and shows you how to use it effectively to maximise marks.
AQA 国际 AS 物理 PH01 考试提供的插页小册子包含了考试全程可参考的基本数据、公式和关系式。针对 2023 年 1 月 9 日的考试，该插页相当于你的数学工具包和常数参考表。本指南将解释其结构，并教你如何有效使用它来最大化得分。
1. Purpose of the Insert | 插页的用途
The insert is not a secret formula sheet; it is an official resource designed to ensure fairness and to reduce the burden of memorisation. You should use it to confirm constants, check unit conversions, and select the correct equation when solving problems.
插页并非秘密公式表，而是官方提供的资源，旨在确保公平并减轻记忆负担。你应当使用它来确认常数、检查单位换算，并在解题时选择正确的方程。
Many students lose marks because they overlook the insert and try to recall values incorrectly. Always keep the insert open at the relevant page while working.
许多学生因为忽略插页而试图错误地回忆数值，从而失分。做题时请始终将插页打开在相关页面。
2. Physical Constants | 物理常数
You are given precise values for fundamental constants such as the speed of light c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m s⁻¹, Planck’s constant h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s, and the elementary charge e = 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ C. These appear repeatedly in quantum and electricity questions.
你会获得基本常数的精确值，例如光速 c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m s⁻¹、普朗克常数 h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s 和元电荷 e = 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ C。这些在量子和电学问题中反复出现。
For the PH01 paper, also remember the rest mass of an electron mₑ = 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg and the Avogadro constant Nₐ = 6.02 × 10²³ mol⁻¹. The insert provides these to avoid rounding errors.
对于 PH01 试卷，还要记住电子静止质量 mₑ = 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg 和阿伏伽德罗常数 Nₐ = 6.02 × 10²³ mol⁻¹。插页提供这些值以避免四舍五入误差。
3. Mechanics: Kinematics | 力学：运动学
The kinematic equations are printed for you, including v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², and v² = u² + 2as. You must identify which variables are known and choose the correct equation.
运动学方程已印在插页上，包括 v = u + at、s = ut + ½at² 和 v² = u² + 2as。你必须识别哪些变量已知并选择正确的方程。
When acceleration is due to gravity, replace a with g = 9.81 m s⁻². This value is also on the insert, so use it exactly.
当加速度为重力加速度时，用 g = 9.81 m s⁻² 代替 a。该值也在插页上，请准确使用。
4. Mechanics: Newton’s Laws and Momentum | 力学：牛顿定律与动量
The insert gives F = ma and the momentum relationship p = mv. For impulse, you may see Ft = Δ(mv), which links force and change in momentum.
插页给出了 F = ma 和动量关系 p = mv。对于冲量，你可能会看到 Ft = Δ(mv)，它将力与动量变化联系起来。
In collisions and explosions, total momentum is conserved. Use the insert’s notation to set up equations with positive and negative directions clearly.
在碰撞和爆炸中，总动量守恒。使用插页的符号设置方程，并明确正负方向。
5. Work, Energy, and Power | 功、能量与功率
You are provided with W = Fs for work done and Eₖ = ½mv² for kinetic energy. Gravitational potential energy is Eₚ = mgh.
插页提供了做功的 W = Fs 和动能的 Eₖ = ½mv²。重力势能为 Eₚ = mgh。
Power is defined as P = W/t and also P = Fv. The second form is useful for questions about engines and constant velocity.
功率定义为 P = W/t，也有 P = Fv。第二种形式适用于发动机和匀速问题。
Remember that energy is conserved, so you can equate initial energy to final energy plus work done against friction.
记住能量守恒，因此可以将初始能量等于最终能量加上克服摩擦所做的功。
6. Materials: Springs and Elasticity | 材料：弹簧与弹性
Hooke’s law appears as F = kx, where k is the spring constant and x is extension. The elastic potential energy is E = ½kx².
胡克定律以 F = kx 出现，其中 k 是弹簧常数，x 是伸长量。弹性势能为 E = ½kx²。
For stress and strain, the insert defines stress = force/area and strain = extension/original length. Young modulus is stress divided by strain, with units N m⁻² or Pa.
对于应力和应变，插页定义应力 = 力 / 截面积，应变 = 伸长量 / 原始长度。杨氏模量是应力除以应变，单位为 N m⁻² 或 Pa。
7. Waves and Particle Physics | 波与粒子物理
The wave equation v = fλ is essential, along with the relationship between frequency and time period f = 1/T.
波动方程 v = fλ 至关重要，同时频率与周期的关系为 f = 1/T。
For the photoelectric effect, the insert gives E = hf and the work function equation hf = φ + Eₖ(max). You will need to convert electronvolts to joules using 1 eV = 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.
对于光电效应，插页给出 E = hf 和逸出功方程 hf = φ + Eₖ(max)。你需要利用 1 eV = 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ J 将电子伏特转换为焦耳。
Diffraction grating formula d sin θ = nλ may also be provided, so check the insert carefully when answering wave interference questions.
光栅方程 d sin θ = nλ 可能也会提供，因此在回答波干涉问题时请仔细查看插页。
8. Electricity: Current, Resistance, and Circuits | 电学：电流、电阻与电路
Basic definitions include I = Q/t and V = W/Q. Ohm’s law is V = IR, and resistive power is P = VI = I²R = V²/R.
基本定义包括 I = Q/t 和 V = W/Q。欧姆定律为 V = IR，电阻功率为 P = VI = I²R = V²/R。
For resistors in series and parallel, the insert usually lists the equivalent resistance formulae. Series: R = R₁ + R₂; parallel: 1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂.
对于串联和并联电阻，插页通常会列出等效电阻公式。串联：R = R₁ + R₂；并联：1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂。
When dealing with internal resistance, use ε = I(R + r), where ε is EMF and r is internal resistance.
处理内阻时，使用 ε = I(R + r)，其中 ε 是电动势，r 是内阻。
9. Using the Insert for Data Analysis | 利用插页进行数据分析
Many PH01 questions require you to calculate uncertainties or plot a graph. The insert often includes the equation for percentage uncertainty, but you should already know how to combine absolute and relative uncertainties.
许多 PH01 问题要求你计算不确定度或绘图。插页通常包含百分不确定度的公式，但你应该已经知道如何合并绝对与相对不确定度。
For graph work, the insert reminds you to use the line of best fit and to calculate gradients with correct units. Always check the axes and scale before estimating values.
对于作图题，插页提醒你使用最佳拟合线，并计算具有正确单位的斜率。在估计数值前，务必检查坐标轴和刻度。
If you forget a formula, the insert is your safety net. Skim it in the first 5 minutes of the exam and highlight where each equation is located.
如果你忘记公式，插页就是你的安全网。考试前 5 分钟浏览一遍，并标注每个方程的位置。
Published by TutorHao | Physics Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
屏轩国际教育cambridge primary/secondary checkpoint, cat4, ukiset,ukcat,igcse,alevel,PAT,STEP,MAT, ibdp,ap,ssat,sat,sat2课程辅导，国外大学本科硕士研究生博士课程论文辅导Cancel reply