IGCSE Chemistry 0620 (2026–2028): New Syllabus Deep Dive | IGCSE化学0620 (2026-2028)：新考纲深度解析

📚 IGCSE Chemistry 0620 (2026–2028): New Syllabus Deep Dive | IGCSE化学0620 (2026-2028)：新考纲深度解析

The Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry 0620 syllabus for 2026–2028 introduces a refreshed framework that balances core chemical principles with modern scientific thinking. This article provides a comprehensive walkthrough of the new syllabus, highlighting key changes, exam structure, and essential study strategies for students aiming for top grades.

剑桥IGCSE化学0620考纲（2026–2028）在保留核心化学原理的基础上，融入了现代科学思维，形成了全新的教学与评估框架。本文将全面解析新考纲的要点、考试结构变化，以及帮助学生冲刺高分的备考策略。

1. Syllabus Overview: What Has Changed? | 考纲总览：有哪些变化？

The 2026–2028 syllabus maintains the classic depth of content but restructures several topics to emphasise real-world applications and sustainability. Key changes include strengthened content on atmospheric chemistry, expanded organic reaction mechanisms at a descriptive level, and clearer progression pathways between Core and Extended content.

2026–2028考纲保留了经典的知识深度，但对部分主题进行了重组，更加突出实际应用与可持续发展。主要变化包括：加强大气化学相关内容、扩展有机反应机理的描述性学习，以及明确Core（核心）与Extended（拓展）内容之间的进阶路径。

For students, the most visible difference is the increased weighting of practical-based questions and data analysis. Approximately 20% of the final examination marks now directly assess practical skills and experimental design.

对学生而言，最直观的变化是实验操作与数据分析类题目分值占比提高。期末考试中约20%的分数直接考查实验技能与实验设计能力。

2. Assessment Structure: Papers and Weightings | 考试结构：试卷与权重

Candidates sit either the Core assessment (Paper 1 + Paper 3) or the Extended assessment (Paper 2 + Paper 4). The Extended route allows access to grades A*–E, while the Core route is capped at grade C. All candidates also complete Paper 5 (Practical Test) or Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical).

考生可以选择Core评估（试卷1+试卷3）或Extended评估（试卷2+试卷4）。Extended路线最高可获得A*至E等级，而Core路线最高只能获得C等级。所有考生还需完成试卷5（实验操作考试）或试卷6（实验替代笔试）。

Paper \| 试卷	Type \| 类型	Time \| 时长	Weight \| 权重
Paper 1	Core Multiple Choice	45 min	30%
Paper 2	Extended Multiple Choice	45 min	30%
Paper 3	Core Theory	1 h 15 min	50%
Paper 4	Extended Theory	1 h 15 min	50%
Paper 5 / 6	Practical / Alternative	1 h / 1 h	20%

Note that the compulsory practical component remains non-negotiable. Schools must provide evidence of practical work completion, though formal lab notebooks are no longer submitted for moderation under the 2026 cycle.

请注意，实验部分是强制性的，不可免除。学校必须提供学生完成实验操作的证明，不过2026周期起不再需要提交正式实验记录本进行审核。

3. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table | 原子结构与元素周期表

The new syllabus deepens the treatment of atomic structure, requiring students to explain the periodic trends in terms of subatomic particles. Extended candidates must calculate relative atomic mass from isotopic abundances using the formula:

新考纲深化了原子结构的内容，要求学生从亚原子粒子层面解释周期律。Extended考生必须能够利用同位素丰度计算相对原子质量，公式如下：

Aᵣ = (mass₁ × abundance₁ + mass₂ × abundance₂ + …) ÷ total abundance

For example, chlorine has two isotopes: ³⁵Cl (75%) and ³⁷Cl (25%). The relative atomic mass is (35 × 75 + 37 × 25) ÷ 100 = 35.5. This type of calculation is a recurring exam favourite.

例如，氯有两种同位素：³⁵Cl（丰度75%）和³⁷Cl（丰度25%）。其相对原子质量为 (35 × 75 + 37 × 25) ÷ 100 = 35.5。这类计算是考试中的高频考点。

Students must also link electron configuration to group number and period number. For instance, an element with configuration 2.8.3 is in Group III and Period 3. The 2026 syllabus adds explicit questions on first ionisation energy trends across Period 3.

学生还必须能够将电子排布与族序数和周期数相关联。例如，电子排布为2.8.3的元素位于第III族、第3周期。2026考纲还新增了关于第3周期第一电离能趋势的明确考查内容。

4. Chemical Bonding: Ionic, Covalent, Metallic | 化学键：离子键、共价键、金属键

Bonding is now assessed with greater emphasis on the structure–property relationship. Candidates must use dot-and-cross diagrams to represent ionic and covalent species, including polyatomic ions such as NH₄⁺ and SO₄²⁻. The syllabus explicitly requires drawing the cross structure for molecule shapes including linear, bent, trigonal planar, and tetrahedral geometries.

新考纲更加注重结构—性质关系的考查。考生必须能够用电子点叉图表示离子化合物和共价化合物，包括NH₄⁺和SO₄²⁻等多原子离子。考纲明确要求画出线形、V形、平面三角形和正四面体等分子构型的电子结构图。

Metallic bonding is now described as a “sea of delocalised electrons” model, and students must explain electrical conductivity, malleability, and high melting points in terms of this model. The 2026 syllabus introduces a comparative task: explain why diamond and graphite differ in hardness despite both being carbon allotropes.

金属键现在统一使用”离域电子海”模型描述，学生需要据此解释导电性、延展性和高熔点。2026考纲新增了对比任务：解释同为碳同素异形体的金刚石和石墨为何硬度差异巨大。

5. Stoichiometry: Quantitative Chemistry | 化学计量学：定量化学

Stoichiometry remains the mathematical backbone of IGCSE Chemistry. The 2026 syllabus continues to expect mastery of the mole concept, with the central relationships:

化学计量学仍是IGCSE化学的数学核心。2026考纲继续要求学生熟练掌握摩尔概念，核心关系式如下：

moles = mass ÷ molar mass | moles = concentration × volume | moles = gas volume ÷ 24 dm³

New to the 2026 syllabus is a stronger focus on percentage yield and atom economy. Students should be able to calculate both from balanced equations and experimental data. Atom economy is defined as:

2026考纲新增了对产率百分比和原子经济性的强调。学生需要能够根据平衡方程式和实验数据计算这两项。原子经济性的定义是：

Atom economy = (mass of desired product ÷ total mass of all products) × 100%

Titration calculations involving acid–base reactions must be performed confidently. For example, using the equation: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ (for monoprotic reactions) or via full mole-ratio methods. The syllabus warns against formula memorisation without conceptual understanding.

涉及酸碱反应的滴定计算必须熟练掌握。例如，利用C₁V₁ = C₂V₂（仅适用于1:1反应的简化方法），或通过完整的摩尔比法计算。考纲特别提醒：切不可只背公式而不理解概念。

6. Energetics: Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions | 能量学：放热与吸热反应

Energy changes are central to the 2026–2028 syllabus. Candidates must interpret energy profile diagrams showing activation energy (Eₐ) and enthalpy change (ΔH). The syllabus now requires qualitative explanation of bond breaking (endothermic) and bond forming (exothermic) using the relationship:

能量变化是2026–2028考纲的核心。考生必须能够解读展示活化能（Eₐ）和焓变（ΔH）的能量曲线图。考纲新增要求：用以下关系定性解释断键（吸热）与成键（放热）：

ΔH = energy required to break bonds − energy released on forming bonds

A key skill is drawing energy profile diagrams for both reaction types, labelling reactants, products, activation energy, and the overall energy change. Extended candidates must calculate ΔH from bond energy tables. For example, in the reaction H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl, if H–H = 436 kJ/mol, Cl–Cl = 243 kJ/mol, and H–Cl = 432 kJ/mol, then ΔH = (436 + 243) − (2 × 432) = −185 kJ/mol, indicating an exothermic reaction.

关键技能是绘制放热反应和吸热反应的能量曲线图，标注反应物、生成物、活化能和总能量变化。Extended考生必须能够利用键能表计算ΔH。例如，反应H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl中，若H–H键能为436 kJ/mol，Cl–Cl键能为243 kJ/mol，H–Cl键能为432 kJ/mol，则ΔH = (436 + 243) − (2 × 432) = −185 kJ/mol，说明该反应为放热反应。

7. Kinetics and Equilibrium: Rate and Reversibility | 动力学与平衡：速率与可逆性

The rate of reaction section now includes a mandatory practical: measuring rate by gas volume collection and by turbidity (precipitate formation). Students must know the five factors affecting rate — concentration, pressure, temperature, surface area, and catalysts — and explain each using collision theory.

反应速率部分现在包含必做实验：通过气体体积收集法和浊度法（沉淀生成）测量反应速率。学生必须掌握影响反应速率的五个因素——浓度、压强、温度、表面积和催化剂——并能用碰撞理论逐一解释。

The 2026 syllabus places greater weight on the Boltzmann distribution diagram for explaining the effect of temperature and catalysts on reaction rate. Candidates must sketch these curves and annotate the shaded area representing particles with energy exceeding Eₐ.

2026考纲更加重视用波尔兹曼分布图解释温度和催化剂对反应速率的影响。考生必须能够绘制这些曲线，并标注出能量超过Eₐ的粒子所对应的阴影区域。

For reversible reactions, the concept of dynamic equilibrium is introduced qualitatively. Le Chatelier’s principle is applied to predict the effect of changing concentration, pressure, and temperature. The Haber process and contact process remain the two compulsory industrial examples, with the 2026 syllabus adding explicit questions on why moderate temperature (450 °C for Haber) is a compromise between yield and rate.

对于可逆反应，新考纲引入动态平衡的定性概念。学生需运用勒夏特列原理预测浓度、压强和温度变化的影响。哈伯法和接触法仍是两个必学的工业实例。2026考纲新增了对妥协条件的考查：为什么哈伯法选择450 °C的中等温度——这是产率与速率之间的折中方案。

8. Acids, Bases, and Salts | 酸、碱与盐

The acid–base section retains its classic scope but adds emphasis on pH scale calculations (Extended only). Students must understand the self-ionisation of water as the basis for the neutral pH of 7, and be able to calculate pH from hydrogen ion concentration using:

酸碱部分保留了经典范围，但Extended考生需要掌握pH值计算。学生必须理解水的自偶电离是中性格pH为7的基础，并能根据氢离子浓度计算pH：

pH = −log₁₀[H⁺]

The full range of salt preparation methods is assessed: precipitation, titration, and reaction of acids with metals, bases, and carbonates. The 2026 syllabus adds a comparative question on choosing the appropriate method based on solubility. For example, preparing lead(II) sulfate requires precipitation because it is insoluble, while preparing potassium nitrate requires titration because both reactants and product are soluble.

盐的制备方法全部纳入考查范围：沉淀法、滴定法，以及酸与金属、碱、碳酸盐的反应。2026考纲新增对比题：根据溶解度选择合适制备方法。例如，制备硫酸铅(II)需用沉淀法（因为产物不溶），而制备硝酸钾需用滴定法（因为反应物和产物均可溶）。

Oxides classification — acidic, basic, amphoteric, and neutral — is tested both theoretically and practically. Students should memorise the amphoteric oxides: aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) and zinc oxide (ZnO), which react with both acids and alkalis.

氧化物的分类——酸性、碱性、两性和中性——在理论和实验题中都会考查。学生必须牢记两种两性氧化物：氧化铝（Al₂O₃）和氧化锌（ZnO），它们既能与酸反应，也能与碱反应。

9. Redox Chemistry and Electrochemistry | 氧化还原与电化学

Redox reactions are now introduced earlier in the 2026 syllabus. Students must identify oxidation and reduction using oxygen, hydrogen, and electron transfer definitions. The mnemonic OIL RIG (Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain) remains a useful tool, but students must also be able to assign oxidation numbers and use them to identify redox processes.

2026考纲将氧化还原反应提前引入。学生必须能够用氧、氢和电子转移三种定义判断氧化与还原。口诀OIL RIG（Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain）仍然好用，但学生还需要能指定氧化数，并利用氧化数变化判断是否发生氧化还原反应。

Electrochemistry covers electrolysis of molten compounds and aqueous solutions. The key rule of “predicting products at electrodes” is heavily tested:

电化学部分涵盖熔融化合物和水溶液的电解。”预测电极产物”的规则是考查重点：

At the cathode (negative electrode), metal ions or hydrogen ions are discharged; H⁺ is favoured over metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series.

阴极（负极）：金属离子或氢离子被放电；在金属活动性顺序中位于氢上方的金属离子，其对应的金属不会析出，而是析出氢气。
At the anode (positive electrode), halide ions are discharged over hydroxide ions; otherwise, oxygen gas is released from OH⁻.

阳极（正极）：卤素离子优先于氢氧根离子被放电；若无卤素离子，则由OH⁻放电释放氧气。

The 2026 syllabus introduces quantitative electrolysis: calculating the mass of product deposited using the relationship involving charge (Q = I × t) and the Faraday constant (96,500 C/mol). This is a significantly expanded area requiring careful practice.

2026考纲新增了定量电解内容：利用电荷量（Q = I × t）与法拉第常数（96,500 C/mol）的关系计算电极产物的质量。这是明显拓展的知识点，需要大量练习。

10. Organic Chemistry: Expanding Horizons | 有机化学：扩展视界

Organic chemistry in the 2026–2028 syllabus is broader than ever. The homologous series covered include alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and esters. Students must know the general formulas, functional groups, naming rules (up to C₆ for Extended), and key reactions for each series.

2026–2028考纲的有机化学范围比以往更广。需要掌握的同系物包括：烷烃、烯烃、醇、羧酸和酯。学生必须掌握通式、官能团、命名规则（Extended考生需掌握至C₆）以及每一系列的关键反应。

New in this syllabus cycle: addition polymers and condensation polymers are compared at a descriptive level. Students should be able to identify the monomer from a polymer repeat unit and vice versa. For example, poly(ethene) is formed from the monomer ethene (C₂H₄) via addition polymerisation, shown as:

本考纲周期新增内容：描述性对比加聚反应与缩聚反应。学生必须能够从聚合物重复单元反推单体，反之亦然。例如，聚乙烯由乙烯（C₂H₄）单体制备单体经加聚反应生成，表示如下：

n CH₂=CH₂ → [−CH₂−CH₂−]ₙ

Ethanol production is compared across three methods: fermentation (biological), hydration of ethene (catalytic), and (for Extended) reduction of ethanal. The 2026 syllabus adds environmental commentary questions, such as comparing the carbon footprint of fermentation vs. petrochemical routes.

乙醇的三种制备方法需要对比：发酵法（生物法）、乙烯水合法（催化法），以及Extended考生需补充的乙醛还原法。2026考纲新增环境评论题：如比较发酵法路线与石油化工路线的碳足迹。

11. Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Impact | 大气化学与环境影响

This section has been substantially upgraded. The syllabus now demands a detailed understanding of the greenhouse effect, including the specific roles of CO₂, CH₄, and water vapour. Candidates must explain the mechanism: short-wavelength solar radiation passes through the atmosphere, while long-wavelength infrared radiation re-emitted from Earth’s surface is absorbed by greenhouse gases, trapping heat.

本部分内容大幅升级。考纲现在要求学生详细理解温室效应，包括CO₂、CH₄和水蒸气的具体作用。考生必须解释其机理：短波太阳辐射穿过大气层，而地球表面重新发射的长波红外辐射被温室气体吸收，从而锁住热量。

The 2026 syllabus introduces a comparative study of pollutants: sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter. Students must not only know their sources and harmful effects but also the chemical reactions leading to acid rain:

2026考纲引入了污染物的对比研究：二氧化硫（SO₂）、氮氧化物（NOₓ）、一氧化碳（CO）和颗粒物。学生不仅要了解其来源和危害，还必须掌握酸雨形成的化学反应：

S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g) ; 2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇌ 2SO₃(g) ; SO₃(g) + H₂O(l) → H₂SO₄(aq)

Catalytic converters in cars are now a named application: students should know that CO and NOₓ are converted to CO₂ and N₂ on a platinum/rhodium catalyst surface:

汽车三元催化转化器现在作为指定应用出现：学生需要知道CO和NOₓ在铂/铑催化剂表面转化为CO₂和N₂：

2CO(g) + 2NO(g) → 2CO₂(g) + N₂(g)

12. Exam Strategy and Preparation Tips | 考试策略与备考建议

To excel in the 2026–2028 IGCSE Chemistry, students should adopt a multi-layered revision strategy. First, master the command words used in exams — define, describe, explain, predict, calculate, and compare each demand different levels of response. “Explain” requires a reason with a mechanism, while “describe” only needs observation.

要在2026–2028 IGCSE化学中取得优异成绩，学生应制定多层次的复习策略。首先，掌握考试中的指令词——define（定义）、describe（描述）、explain（解释）、predict（预测）、calculate（计算）和compare（比较），每个词要求的回答深度不同。”Explain”需要给出带有机理的原因，而”describe”只需要描述观察结果。

Second, practise past papers under timed conditions. The 2026 syllabus includes updated question styles, so use the most recent available papers. Third, create a formula sheet — but then learn to derive each formula conceptually. The mole equation triangle is useful, but understanding why it works is even more critical for application questions.

第二，限时练习历年真题。2026考纲包含更新的题型，应使用最新可用试卷。第三，制作公式表——但之后要理解每个公式的推导逻辑。摩尔方程三角图很有用，但理解其原理对解答应用题更关键。

Prioritise stoichiometry practice: this alone can account for 20% of marks.

优先练习化学计量学：仅此一项就占约20%的分值。
Draw and label diagrams regularly: energetics profiles, electrolysis set-ups, and bonding diagrams appear in every session.

定期绘制并标注图示：能量曲线、电解装置图和化学键示意图是每场考试的必考内容。
Use the specification as a check-off list: tick each learning objective as you master it.

以考纲作为逐项核对清单：每掌握一个学习目标就勾选一项。

Finally, do not underestimate Paper 5/6. The practical component rewards thorough, methodical work: reading equipment to the correct precision, recording results in a clear table with units, and identifying sources of error. In Paper 6, always plan experiments with a named apparatus, a step-by-step procedure, and a clear safety precaution.

最后，不要低估试卷5/6的价值。实验部分奖励的是细致、有条理的操作：正确精确度读数、带有单位和清晰标题的结果记录表、误差来源的识别。在试卷6中，撰写实验方案时务必写明指定仪器、逐步操作流程和明确的安全注意事项。

Published by TutorHao | Chemistry Revision Series | aleveler.com

更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）

IGCSE Chemistry 0620 (2026–2028): New Syllabus Deep Dive | IGCSE化学0620 (2026-2028)：新考纲深度解析