📚 Properties of Oxides of Period 3 Elements | 第三周期元素氧化物的性质
Across Period 3 (Na to Cl), the oxides change strikingly from strongly basic to amphoteric to strongly acidic. This trend is one of the most important examples of periodicity in CIE A-Level Chemistry, linking bonding, structure, and acid-base behaviour.
在第三周期(从钠到氯)中,氧化物从强碱性、两性到强酸性发生显著变化。这一趋势是 CIE A-Level 化学中周期性最重要的实例之一,它将键合、结构与酸碱行为联系起来。
1. Overview of Period 3 Oxides | 第三周期氧化物概览
The main oxides commonly examined are Na₂O, MgO, Al₂O₃, SiO₂, P₄O₁₀, SO₂, SO₃ and Cl₂O₇. Argon does not form an ordinary oxide because it is a noble gas with a stable octet.
常见考点的主要氧化物包括 Na₂O、MgO、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、P₄O₁₀、SO₂、SO₃ 和 Cl₂O₇。氩是稀有气体,具有稳定八隅体,不形成普通氧化物。
| Oxide 氧化物 | Oxidation state 氧化态 | Bonding type 键合类型 | Acid-base character 酸碱类别 |
| Na₂O | +1 | Ionic 离子 | Basic 碱性 |
| MgO | +2 | Ionic 离子 | Basic 碱性 |
| Al₂O₃ | +3 | Ionic with some covalent character 离子,部分共价 | Amphoteric 两性 |
| SiO₂ | +4 | Giant covalent 共价巨型结构 | Acidic (weak) 酸性(弱) |
| P₄O₁₀ | +5 | Covalent molecular 共价分子 | Acidic 酸性 |
| SO₂ | +4 | 更多咨询请联系16621398022(同微信)
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