📚 A-Level OCR Physics: Formula Summary Handbook | A-Level OCR 物理：公式汇总手册
This handbook collects the essential formulas for the OCR A-Level Physics course (H156/H556), organised by topic. Each formula is accompanied by a brief explanation to reinforce understanding and assist revision for both papers.
本手册汇总了 OCR A-Level 物理课程（H156/H556）的核心公式，按主题编排。每个公式均附有简要解释，以加深理解、辅助备考。
1. Kinematics | 运动学
Kinematics describes the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause it. The suvat equations apply to uniformly accelerated motion in a straight line.
运动学描述物体的运动，而不考虑引起运动的力。Suvat 方程适用于匀加速直线运动。
The definition of acceleration relates the change in velocity to the time taken.
加速度的定义将速度的变化与所需时间联系起来。
a = (v – u) / t
The first suvat equation gives final velocity as a function of initial velocity, acceleration and time.
第一个 suvat 方程给出末速度与初速度、加速度和时间的关系。
v = u + a t
Displacement covered under constant acceleration can be expressed using initial velocity, time and acceleration.
匀加速下的位移可用初速度、时间和加速度表示。
s = u t + ½ a t2
The alternative form using average velocity is useful when acceleration is not directly needed.
当不需要直接使用加速度时，用平均速度的形式很方便。
s = ½ (u + v) t
The equation linking velocities, acceleration and displacement eliminates time.
联系速度、加速度和位移的方程消去了时间。
v2 = u2 + 2 a s
For projectile motion the horizontal and vertical components are independent; horizontal velocity is constant and vertical motion follows suvat with a = g.
抛体运动中水平和垂直分量相互独立；水平速度恒定，垂直运动遵循 a = g 的 suvat 方程。
2. Dynamics and Newton’s Laws | 动力学与牛顿定律
Dynamics connects motion with its causes. Newton’s second law states that the net force on an object is proportional to the rate of change of its momentum.
动力学将运动与其原因联系起来。牛顿第二定律指出，物体的合力正比于其动量的变化率。
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