Engineering Vocabulary Memorization Guide | 工程词汇术语速记指南

📚 Engineering Vocabulary Memorization Guide | 工程词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your Year 7 Cambridge Engineering vocabulary guide. This resource will help you quickly learn and remember key terms that form the foundation of engineering. Each section presents a core concept, explains it clearly, and gives you a simple memory trick to lock the word into your long-term memory. By linking new words to vivid images or everyday examples, you will not only pass your tests but also build a solid engineering mindset.

欢迎来到你的七年级剑桥工程词汇指南。这份资料将帮助你快速学习并记住构成工程学基础的关键术语。每个小节都会介绍一个核心概念，清晰地解释它，并给你一个简单的记忆技巧，让你把这个词牢牢锁在长期记忆中。通过把新词与生动的画面或日常例子联系起来，你不仅能通过考试，还能建立起牢固的工程思维。

1. Force and Motion | 力与运动

A force is a push or a pull that can change the speed, direction, or shape of an object. In engineering, we often measure force in newtons (N). Motion describes how an object moves when forces act on it. Think of a force as an invisible hand that starts a toy car moving or stops a rolling ball. To remember the word ‘force’, picture a strong person forcing a heavy door open – the effort you see is the force.

力是一种推或拉，可以改变物体的速度、方向或形状。在工程中，我们通常用牛顿（N）来测量力。运动描述物体在力的作用下如何移动。可以把力想象成一只无形的手，它让玩具车动起来，或者让滚动的球停下来。要记住“力”这个词，可以想象一个强壮的人用力推开一扇沉重的门——你所看到的用力就是力。

2. Structures and Loads | 结构与载荷

A structure is anything that is built to support a load, such as a bridge, a chair, or a building. The load is the weight or force that the structure must carry. Engineers classify loads as dead loads (the weight of the structure itself) and live loads (things that move or change, like people or traffic). To recall ‘structure’, link it to the word ‘construct’ – both share the idea of building something solid. For ‘load’, imagine a truck loaded with heavy boxes; the boxes represent the load the truck carries.

结构是指任何为支撑载荷而建造的东西，比如桥梁、椅子或建筑物。载荷是结构必须承受的重量或力。工程师将载荷分为恒载（结构本身的重量）和活载（移动或变化的东西，比如行人或车流）。要回忆“结构”，把它和“构造”这个词联系起来——两者都有建造稳固东西的意思。对于“载荷”，想象一辆装载着沉重箱子的卡车；箱子就代表卡车承载的载荷。

3. Materials and Properties | 材料与特性

Materials are the substances engineers use to build things, such as wood, metal, plastic, and glass. Each material has properties – characteristics like hardness, flexibility, conductivity, and strength. Understanding properties helps you choose the right material for a job. A quick memory tip: think of ‘material’ as ‘matter’ plus ‘real’ – it is real stuff you can touch. For ‘properties’, picture a key with a label listing its special features, such as ‘shiny’ or ‘stiff’.

材料是工程师用来建造东西的物质，比如木材、金属、塑料和玻璃。每种材料都有特性——例如硬度、柔韧性、导电性和强度等特征。了解特性能帮助你去选择合适的材料。一个速记提示：把“材料”想成“物质”加“真实”的东西——它是你可以触摸的真实物体。对于“特性”，想象一把钥匙上面贴着标签，列出它的特殊特征，比如“闪亮”或“坚硬”。

4. Energy and Power | 能量与功率

Energy is the ability to do work. It comes in many forms, including kinetic (movement), potential (stored), thermal (heat), and electrical. Power is the rate at which energy is used or transferred, measured in watts (W). A helpful memory image: energy is like a full battery – it has the potential to make something happen. Power is how fast that battery runs down when you use it. Remember ‘power’ by linking it to a powerful sprinter who uses energy very quickly.

能量是做功的能力。它有多种形式，包括动能（运动）、势能（储存）、热能（热）和电能。功率是能量使用或传递的速率，以瓦特（W）为单位。一个有用的记忆图像：能量就像一个充满电的电池——它有可能让某件事发生。功率则是你使用电池时它消耗的速度。把“功率”和一个冲刺速度很快的短跑运动员联系起来，他很快就用完了能量。

5. Design Process | 设计流程

The engineering design process is a step-by-step method used to solve problems. It often includes: Ask, Imagine, Plan, Create, Test, and Improve. This cycle helps engineers turn ideas into real solutions. To memorize the sequence, use the first letters A, I, P, C, T, I and make a silly sentence like ‘All Intelligent Penguins Create Tiny Igloos’. The word ‘design’ itself suggests you are putting a sign on an idea – giving it a clear shape on paper before building.

工程设计流程是一个分步骤解决问题的方法。它通常包括：提问、想象、计划、创建、测试和改进。这个循环帮助工程师将想法变成真正的解决方案。要记住这个顺序，可以用首字母 A、I、P、C、T、I 编一个傻傻的句子，比如“所有聪明的企鹅都会建造小小的冰屋”。“设计”这个词本身就暗示着你在给一个想法贴上标签——在建造之前先在纸上赋予它清晰的形状。

6. Tools and Equipment | 工具与设备

Tools are handheld devices that help you perform a task, such as a hammer, saw, or screwdriver. Equipment refers to larger or more complex sets of items, like a workbench, safety goggles, or a 3D printer. A fun way to learn tool names is to group them by their function: cutting tools (saw, chisel), gripping tools (pliers, clamp), and measuring tools (ruler, caliper). The word ‘tool’ sounds like ‘to do’ something – exactly their purpose.

工具是帮助你完成任务的便携装置，比如锤子、锯或螺丝刀。设备指的是更大或更复杂的成套物品，比如工作台、护目镜或3D打印机。一个有趣的学习工具名称的方法是按功能分组：切削工具（锯、凿子）、夹持工具（钳子、夹钳）和测量工具（尺子、卡尺）。“工具”这个词听起来就像“去做”某事——这正是它们的作用。

7. Measurement and Units | 测量与单位

Measurement is how engineers quantify length, mass, time, temperature, and other physical quantities. Standard units like metres (m), kilograms (kg), and seconds (s) allow everyone in the world to understand the same data. Think of ‘measure’ as ‘me + sure’ – you make yourself sure of the size or amount by comparing it with a standard. Using a ruler is the simplest way to see measurement in action.

测量是工程师量化长度、质量、时间、温度以及其他物理量的方式。标准单位，比如米（m）、千克（kg）和秒（s），让全世界的人都能理解同样的数据。可以把“测量”想成“我+确定”——通过和一个标准进行比较，你让自己确定了尺寸或数量。使用尺子就是观察测量过程最简单的办法。

8. Simple Machines | 简单机械

Simple machines are basic devices that change the direction or magnitude of a force. The six classic types are: lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw. They make work easier by reducing the effort needed. To remember the six, you can use the mnemonic ‘Lazy Wizards Play In Winter Sunshine’ (Lever, Wheel, Pulley, Inclined plane, Wedge, Screw). Each machine is like a cheat code that trades distance for force.

简单机械是改变力的方向或大小的基本装置。六种经典类型是：杠杆、轮轴、滑轮、斜面、楔子和螺旋。它们通过减少所需的力来让工作变得更轻松。要记住这六种，可以用助记句子“懒惰的巫师在冬日的阳光下玩耍”（杠杆、轮轴、滑轮、斜面、楔子、螺旋）。每一种机械都像一个秘诀，用距离来交换力。

9. Circuits and Electronics | 电路与电子学

A circuit is a closed loop that allows electricity to flow from a power source to components like bulbs, buzzers, or motors. Key terms include conductor (allows electricity to pass, like copper), insulator (blocks electricity, like rubber), and switch (opens or closes the circuit). To remember ‘circuit’, think of a circle – the electricity must have a complete, unbroken path. The word ‘conductor’ can be linked to a train conductor who helps people move smoothly, just as a conductor helps electrons move.

电路是一个闭合的回路，让电流从电源流向灯泡、蜂鸣器或马达等元件。关键术语包括导体（允许电流通过，比如铜）、绝缘体（阻止电流通过，比如橡胶）和开关（打开或关闭电路）。要记住“电路”，可以想到圆圈——电必须有一条完整、不间断的路径。“导体”这个词可以联想到列车长，他帮助人们顺畅地移动，就像导体帮助电子移动一样。

10. Safety in Engineering | 工程安全

Safety means protecting people from harm while working. In a workshop, you will see signs reminding you to wear protective gear such as goggles, gloves, and aprons. Key vocabulary includes hazard (something dangerous), risk (the chance of harm), and PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). A simple memory link: safety starts with ‘s’, just like ‘stop’ – stop and think before you act. For ‘hazard’, picture a ‘hard’ situation that could hurt you.

安全意味着在工作时保护人们免受伤害。在工作间里，你会看到提醒你穿戴护目镜、手套和围裙等防护装备的标识。关键词汇包括危害（危险的东西）、风险（受伤的可能性）和PPE（个人防护装备）。一个简单的记忆联系：安全的英文“safety”以’s’开头，就像’stop’（停止）——行动之前停下来想一想。对于“hazard”（危害），可以想象一种可能伤害你的“艰难”情况。

11. Engineering Drawings | 工程制图

Engineering drawings are precise pictures that communicate the shape, size, and details of an object. They use standard symbols, views (front, top, side), and dimensions. The term ‘orthographic projection’ means showing a 3D object in 2D views. To remember ‘orthographic’, break it into ‘ortho’ (meaning straight) and ‘graphic’ (meaning drawing) – straight drawings that follow rules. Think of a drawing as a language that engineers around the world can read without speaking.

工程制图是传递物体形状、尺寸和细节的精确图示。它们使用标准的符号、视图（前视图、俯视图、侧视图）和尺寸。“正投影”这个术语的意思是用二维视图展示三维物体。要记住“正投影”，可以把它拆成“正”（意思是垂直）和“投影”（意思是图画）——遵循规则的垂直图画。把图纸看成一种语言，世界各地的工程师不用说话就能读懂。

12. Problem-Solving Strategies | 问题解决策略

Engineers are problem solvers. They use strategies like brainstorming, trial and error, and systematic testing. A key term is ‘constraint’, which means a limit or restriction (like budget, time, or materials) that a design must consider. Another is ‘criteria’, the standards a solution must meet. To remember ‘constraint’, think of a ‘straight’ line you cannot cross. ‘Criteria’ sounds like ‘critter’ – imagine a little creature judging your design according to a list of rules.

工程师是问题解决者。他们会用到头脑风暴、试错和系统测试等策略。一个关键术语是“约束”，指的是设计必须考虑的限制（比如预算、时间或材料）。另一个是“标准”，即一个解决方案必须达到的要求。要记住“约束”，想想那条你不能越过的“笔直”的线。“标准”听起来像“小动物”——想象一只小动物根据一长串规则来评判你的设计。

Published by TutorHao | Engineering Revision Series | aleveler.com

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Engineering Vocabulary Memorization Guide | 工程词汇术语速记指南