📚 SQA Year 7 Spanish Vocabulary Quick-Memorisation Guide | SQA 七年级西班牙语词汇速记指南
Building a solid Spanish vocabulary base is the most exciting part of beginning your language journey. For Year 7 SQA students, memorising essential words and phrases in an organised way helps you start speaking and understanding Spanish more quickly. This guide groups must-know vocabulary into logical categories and pairs each word with a simple memory trick, so you can learn smarter, not harder.
打好西班牙语词汇基础是语言之旅中最令人兴奋的部分。对于 SQA 七年级学生来说，有条理地记忆基本单词和短语，能让你更快开口说西班牙语、理解西班牙语。本指南将必学词汇按逻辑分类，并为每个词配上简单的记忆窍门，帮助你高效学习，事半功倍。
1. The Power of Chunking and Categories | 分组与分类记忆的力量
Our brains remember information better when it is organised into small, meaningful groups. Chunking words by theme (like ‘colours’, ‘family’, ‘food’) creates natural associations that boost recall.
当信息被组织成小而有意群时，我们的大脑记得更牢。按主题（如“颜色”、“家庭”、“食物”）将单词分块，能建立自然联想，提升记忆。
Instead of learning a random list, you can create a colourful mind map or draw a labelled picture. For example, sketch a fruit bowl and write the Spanish names next to each fruit. This visual connection anchors the word in your memory.
不要单学一份零散词汇表，你可以制作多彩的思维导图或画一幅带标签的图画。例如，画一个水果碗，在每个水果旁写上西班牙语名称。这种视觉联系会把词汇深深印在脑海中。
Start each study session by reviewing one category before moving to another. Mix two categories only when you feel confident with both separately. This layered approach prevents confusion.
每次学习开始时先复习一个类别，再转向下一个。只有当你对两者分别都有信心时，才混合两个类别。这种分层的方法可以避免混淆。
2. Colourful Words: Los Colores | 多彩词汇：颜色
Red – rojo. Imagine a red rose; ‘rojo’ sounds a bit like ‘rose’ with a strong ‘ho’ at the end.
红色——rojo。想象一朵红玫瑰；’rojo’ 听起来有点像 ‘rose’，但结尾是一个有力的 ‘ho’。
Blue – azul. Think of the blue sky over an Aztec temple – ‘azul’ starts like ‘Aztec’.
蓝色——azul。想象一座阿兹特克神庙上方的蓝天——’azul’ 的开头像 ‘Aztec’。
Green – verde. ‘Verde’ sounds like ‘verdant’, which means green and lush.
绿色——verde。’Verde’ 听起来像英文词 ‘verdant’，意为碧绿、草木茂盛的。
Yellow – amarillo. Picture a yellow armadillo; ‘amarillo’ resembles ‘armadillo’.
黄色——amarillo。想象一只黄色的犰狳（armadillo）；’amarillo’ 和 ‘armadillo’ 很像。
Black – negro. This one is straightforward: it looks like ‘negro’ but means black in Spanish, not offensive.
黑色——negro。这个词很直接：它看起来像 ‘negro’，但在西班牙语中就是“黑色”的意思。
White – blanco. ‘Blanco’ sounds like ‘blank’, and a blank piece of paper is white.
白色——blanco。’Blanco’ 听起来像 ‘blank’，一张空白的纸就是白色。
Orange – naranja. The fruit and the colour share the same word; a juicy naranja is both orange in colour and name.
橙色——naranja。水果和颜色用同一个词；多汁的 naranja 既是橙色的也是橙子的意思。
Purple – morado. Imagine a purple moor (a landscape) – ‘morado’ starts like ‘moor’.
紫色——morado。想象一片紫色的荒原 (moor)——’morado’ 的开头像 ‘moor’。
Pink – rosa. Just like the rose flower, which is often pink. Easy!
粉红色——rosa。就像玫瑰花一样，玫瑰花常常是粉红色的。很简单！
Brown – marrón. Think of a chestnut brown horse – ‘marrón’ resembles ‘maroon’, a shade of deep red-brown.
棕色——marrón。想象一匹栗棕色的马——’marrón’ 有点像 ‘maroon’，那是一种深红棕色。
3. Counting in Spanish: Los Números 1-20 | 西班牙语数数：数字 1-20
Uno (1) – Think ‘one-o’, like saying ‘one’ with a little flair.
Uno (1) – 想象用一点花式腔调说 ‘one-o’。
Dos (2) – ‘Dos’ sounds like ‘dose’ of medicine: take two tablets.
Dos (2) – ‘Dos’ 听起来像一剂药(dose)：吃两片药。
Tres (3) – Very close to ‘tres’ in Italian and ‘three’ in English.
Tres (3) – 与意大利语的 “三” 和英语的 “three” 非常接近。
Cuatro (4) – ‘Cuatro’ looks like ‘quarter’, which is one-fourth; four quarters make a whole.
Cuatro (4) – ‘Cuatro’ 看起来像 ‘quarter’（四分之一）；四个四分之一组成一个整体。
Cinco (5) – Five fingers; ‘cinco’ starts like ‘cinque’ in French.
Cinco (5) – 五根手指；’cinco’ 的开头像法语中的 “五” (cinq)。
Seis (6) – Sounds like ‘says’, as in ‘six says’.
Seis (6) – 听起来像 ‘says’，比如 ‘six says’。
Siete (7) – ‘Siete’ resembles ‘siesta’, but a siesta doesn’t last seven hours! Just a sound-alike.
Siete (7) – ‘Siete’ 有点像 ‘siesta’（午睡），但午睡不会持续七小时！只是读音相似。
Ocho (8) – Think of an ‘octopus’ with eight legs.
Ocho (8) – 想象一只有八条腿的章鱼(octopus)。
Nueve (9) – ‘Nueve’ sounds like ‘new eve’, and nine is a new number before ten.
Nueve (9) – ‘Nueve’ 听起来像 ‘new eve’（新年前夜），九是比十小一的新数字。
Diez (10) – ‘Diez’ looks like ‘diez’ (ten) but pronounced ‘dee-eth’ in Spain. Ten is a perfect ten!
Diez (10) – ‘Diez’ 看起来就是“十”，但在西班牙读作 ‘dee-eth’。十全十美！
From 11 to 15, the pattern changes: once (11), doce (12), trece (13), catorce (14), quince (15). Pay attention to the ‘ce’ ending similar to ‘doce’ for twelve.
从 11 到 15，模式改变了：once (11), doce (12), trece (13), catorce (14), quince (15)。注意十二 ‘doce’ 的 ‘ce’ 结尾有助于记忆。
16 to 19 combine ‘dieci’ + number: dieciséis (16), diecisiete (17), dieciocho (18), diecinueve (19). Pattern: diez + y + seis, contracted. Twenty is ‘veinte’.
16 到 19 由 ‘dieci’ + 数字组合而成：dieciséis (16), diecisiete (17), dieciocho (18), diecinueve (19)。模式：diez + y + seis，缩写而来。二十是 ‘veinte’。
4. Greetings and Farewells: Saludos y Despedidas | 问候与告别
Hola – Hello. The classic greeting; imagine waving and saying ‘Oh la la!’ but it’s just ‘ola’.
Hola – 你好。经典的问候语；想象挥手说 ‘Oh la la!’，其实只是 ‘ola’。
Buenos días – Good morning. ‘Buenos’ is ‘good’, ‘días’ is ‘days’; literally ‘good days’.
Buenos días – 早上好。’Buenos’ 是“好”，’días’ 是“日子”；字面意思是“好日子”。
Buenas tardes – Good afternoon. ‘Tardes’ resembles ‘tardy’, meaning late, linking to afternoon.
Buenas tardes – 下午好。’Tardes’ 像英文 ‘tardy’（迟到），关联到下午时段。
Buenas noches – Good evening / good night. ‘Noches’ links to ‘nocturnal’.
Buenas noches – 晚上好 / 晚安。’Noches’ 联系到 ‘nocturnal’（夜间的）。
¿Cómo estás? – How are you? (informal). Literally ‘How you are?’. You can answer: Bien, gracias – Fine, thanks.
¿Cómo estás? – 你好吗？（非正式）。字面意思是“你怎么样？”。你可以回答：Bien, gracias – 很好，谢谢。
Adiós – Goodbye. Sounds like ‘a Dios’, meaning ‘to God’, a very common farewell.
Adiós – 再见。发音像 ‘a Dios’，意为“归于上帝”，是非常常用的告别语。
Hasta luego – See you later. ‘Hasta’ means ‘until’ and ‘luego’ means ‘later’.
Hasta luego – 回头见。’Hasta’ 意为“直到”，’luego’ 意为“过后”。
Hasta mañana – See you tomorrow. ‘Mañana’ also means morning. Picture saying ‘until tomorrow morning’.
Hasta mañana – 明天见。’Mañana’ 也指早晨。想象在说“到明天早上”。
5. Family and Friends: La Familia y los Amigos | 家庭与朋友
Madre – mother. Looks like ‘maternal’, and ‘madre’ shares the ‘ma’ sound.
Madre – 母亲。看起来像 ‘maternal’（母性的），’madre’ 共享 ‘ma’ 音。
Padre – father. ‘Padre’ resembles ‘paternal’; think of ‘pater’.
Padre – 父亲。’Padre’ 像 ‘paternal’（父性的）；联想到 ‘pater’。
Hermano – brother. ‘Hermano’ sounds a bit like ‘harmony’; brothers ideally live in harmony.
Hermano – 兄弟。’Hermano’ 听起来有点像 ‘harmony’（和谐）；兄弟之间最好是和睦相处。
Hermana – sister. The feminine ending ‘-a’ changes ‘hermano’ to sister.
Hermana – 姐妹。阴性词尾 ‘-a’ 把 ‘hermano’ 变成了姐妹。
Abuelo – grandfather. ‘Abuelo’ might remind you of ‘abuela’ (grandmother); just change -o to -a.
Abuelo – 祖父。’Abuelo’ 可能让你想起 ‘abuela’（祖母）；只要把 -o 换成 -a。
Abuela – grandmother. Think of a warm ‘abuela’ baking; the word feels soft.
Abuela – 祖母。想象一位慈祥的祖母在烘焙；这个词听起来很温柔。
Tío – uncle. Sounds like ‘tea-o’; an uncle might offer you tea.
Tío – 叔叔。听起来像 ‘tea-o’；叔叔可能会请你喝茶。
Tía – aunt. Similar to ‘tío’ with feminine ending.
Tía – 阿姨。与 ‘tío’ 类似，只是词尾变为阴性。
Primo – cousin (male). ‘Primo’ looks like ‘prime’; think of a cousin as a prime friend.
Primo – 堂/表兄弟。’Primo’ 看起来像 ‘prime’（首要的）；把堂兄弟想象成最好的朋友。
Amigo – friend (male). ‘Amigo’ means friend; remember ‘amigo’ like ‘amiable’.
Amigo – 朋友（男性）。’Amigo’ 意为朋友；联想 ‘amiable’（友善的）。
6. Classroom Objects: En el Aula | 教室物品
Libro – book. ‘Libro’ looks like ‘library’, where you find books.
Libro – 书。’Libro’ 像 ‘library’（图书馆），那里有书。
Cuaderno – notebook. ‘Cuaderno’ starts like ‘quad’, and a notebook has four sides? No, but the ‘cua’ sound can remind you of ‘copy’.
Cuaderno – 笔记本。’Cuaderno’ 以 ‘cua’ 开头，可以联想 ‘copy’（抄写），笔记本是用来抄笔记的。
Lápiz – pencil. ‘Lápiz’ sounds like ‘lapis’, a stone used for writing in old times. Think of a pencil’s lead.
Lápiz – 铅笔。’Lápiz’ 听起来像 ‘lapis’（青金石），古代用于书写。想想铅笔芯。
Bolígrafo – pen. Often shortened to ‘boli’. ‘Bolígrafo’ is a ballpoint pen; ‘boli’ for ball.
Bolígrafo – 笔。常简称为 ‘boli’。’Bolígrafo’ 是圆珠笔；’boli’ 对应 ball。
Mochila – backpack. ‘Mochila’ sounds like ‘mochi’, but imagine stuffing mochi into your backpack.
Mochila – 背包。’Mochila’ 听起来像 ‘mochi’（糯米糍），想象把糯米糍装进背包里。
Pizarra – board. ‘Pizarra’ sounds like ‘pizza’, but a board is flat like a pizza pan.
Pizarra – 黑板/白板。’Pizarra’ 听起来像 ‘pizza’，但板子像披萨烤盘一样平。
Silla – chair. ‘Silla’ looks like ‘sill’, a seat by the window. You sit on a sill, you sit on a silla.
Silla – 椅子。’Silla’ 像 ‘sill’（窗台），窗台上可以坐，椅子上也可以坐。
Mesa – table. ‘Mesa’ means table; think of a ‘mesa’ as a flat surface like a mesa landform.
Mesa – 桌子。’Mesa’ 意为桌子；想象平坦的方山（mesa）地貌。
Use sticky notes with Spanish names to label objects in your room. Seeing ‘la puerta’ on the door every day embeds the word naturally.
用便利贴写上西班牙语名称，贴在你房间的物品上。每天在门上看到 ‘la puerta’，自然而然地就记住了。
7. Days and Months: Días y Meses | 日期与月份
Lunes – Monday. ‘Lunes’ comes from ‘luna’ (moon); Monday is moon-day. Think ‘lunar Monday’.
Lunes – 星期一。’Lunes’ 源自 ‘luna’（月亮）；星期一与月亮相关。联想 ‘lunar Monday’。
Martes – Tuesday. ‘Martes’ is from Mars (martes), the god of war. A martial Tuesday.
Martes – 星期二。’Martes’ 来自马尔斯（火星），战神。一个充满武力的星期二。
Miércoles – Wednesday. Mercury’s day. ‘Miércoles’ sounds like ‘mercury’ but with a twist.
Miércoles – 星期三。水星日。’Miércoles’ 听起来像 ‘mercury’，但有点变化。
Jueves – Thursday. From Jupiter (Jove); ‘jueves’ resembles ‘Jove’.
Jueves – 星期四。来自朱庇特（Jove）；’jueves’ 像 ‘Jove’。
Viernes – Friday. Venus day; ‘viernes’ starts like ‘Venus’.
Viernes – 星期五。金星日；’viernes’ 的开头像 ‘Venus’。
Sábado – Saturday. Sabbath day; ‘sábado’ clearly links to ‘sabbath’.
Sábado – 星期六。安息日；’sábado’ 明显与 ‘sabbath’ 联系。
Domingo – Sunday. Lord’s day; ‘domingo’ from ‘Dominus’ (Lord).
Domingo – 星期日。主日；’domingo’ 来自 ‘Dominus’（主）。
Sing the days to the tune of ‘Frère Jacques’: lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado, domingo. It works perfectly.
用《两只老虎》的旋律唱星期：lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado, domingo。完全合拍。
Months are very similar to English: enero (January), febrero, marzo, abril, mayo, junio, julio, agosto, septiembre, octubre, noviembre, diciembre.
月份与英语非常相似：enero（一月），febrero，marzo，abril，mayo，junio，julio，agosto，septiembre，octubre，noviembre，diciembre。
8. Animals and Pets: Animales y Mascotas | 动物与宠物
Perro – dog. ‘Perro’ sounds like ‘pedro’, but a dog might ‘purr’? No. Just imagine a dog named Pedro.
Perro – 狗。’Perro’ 听起来像 ‘Pedro’（佩德罗），想象一只叫佩德罗的狗。
Gato – cat. ‘Gato’ sounds like ‘gateau’ (cake), but cats don’t eat cake. Think of a cat licking a plate, ‘gato’ licking ‘gateau’.
Gato – 猫。’Gato’ 听起来像 ‘gateau’（蛋糕），猫不吃蛋糕，但想象一只猫在舔盘子上的蛋糕。
Pájaro – bird. ‘Pájaro’ has a ‘ha’ sound like a bird’s chirp? Not really, but picture a bird in a jar, ‘pájaro’ in a jar.
Pájaro – 鸟。’Pájaro’ 的发音像鸟叫？不太像，但想象一只鸟在罐子里(jar)，’pájaro’ 在 jar 里。
Pez – fish. ‘Pez’ is short; think of a fish saying ‘pez’ like ‘pets’.
Pez – 鱼。’Pez’ 很短；想象一条鱼说 ‘pez’ 就像 ‘pets’（宠物）。
Conejo – rabbit. ‘Conejo’ sounds like ‘conejo’, like ‘cone’ with ‘ho’. A rabbit’s face is sort of cone-shaped?
Conejo – 兔子。’Conejo’ 听起来像 ‘cone’（圆锥）加 ‘ho’。兔子的脸有点像圆锥形？
Caballo – horse. ‘Caballo’ shares ‘cab’ with ‘caballus’ Latin; imagine a horse-drawn cab.
Caballo – 马。’Caballo’ 与拉丁语 ‘caballus’ 共享 ‘cab’。想象一辆马车(cab)。
Vaca – cow. ‘Vaca’ sounds like ‘vaca’ from ‘vacation’; cows on a holiday? Not exactly, but ‘vaca’ (cow) gives milk for your coffee on vacation.
Vaca – 奶牛。’Vaca’ 听起来像 ‘vacation’（假期）；度假时有奶牛？不太可能，但你可以喝到来自奶牛的牛奶。
Cerdo – pig. ‘Cerdo’ sounds like ‘sir-dough’; a pig might eat dough.
Cerdo – 猪。’Cerdo’ 听起来像 ‘sir-dough’（面团先生）；猪可能会吃面团。
9. Food and Drinks: Comida y Bebida | 食物与饮料
Manzana – apple. ‘Manzana’ resembles ‘manzana’ like ‘man + zana’. An apple a day keeps the doctor away; say ‘manzana’ for your health.
Manzana – 苹果。’Manzana’ 像 ‘man + zana’。一天一苹果，医生远离我；为了健康说 ‘manzana’ 吧。
Pan – bread. ‘Pan’ is bread in Spanish and also ‘pan’ in Japanese! Very easy. Visualise a bread pan.
Pan – 面包。’Pan’ 在西班牙语和日语中都是面包的意思！非常简单。想象一个面包烤盘(pan)。
Leche – milk. ‘Leche’ sounds like ‘leche’ in Philippine ‘leche flan’, which uses milk.
Leche – 牛奶。’Leche’ 在菲律宾甜点 ‘leche flan’ 中出现，那正是用牛奶做的。
Agua – water. ‘Agua’ is like ‘aqua’, obviously. Remember ‘agua’ is feminine but uses ‘el’ to ease pronunciation: el agua fría.
Agua – 水。’Agua’ 明显和 ‘aqua’ 相关。记住 ‘agua’ 是阴性，但为了发音方便用 ‘el’：el agua fría。
Jugo – juice. ‘Jugo’ looks like ‘jug’, a container for juice.
Jugo – 果汁。’Jugo’ 看起来像 ‘jug’（壶），一个装果汁的壶。
Arroz – rice. ‘Arroz’ is like ‘arroz’ in paella; think of ‘a rose’ made of rice.
Arroz – 米饭。’Arroz’ 就像西班牙海鲜饭(paella)里的米饭；想象一朵用米做的玫瑰(a rose)。
Pollo – chicken. ‘Pollo’ is like ‘pollo’ in ‘pollo asado’; it resembles ‘poultry’.
Pollo – 鸡肉。’Pollo’ 就像 ‘pollo asado’（烤鸡）；它与 ‘poultry’（家禽）相似。
Ensalada – salad. ‘Ensalada’ sounds like ‘in salad’, literally ‘en’ + ‘salada’ (salted). It’s a dressed salad.
Ensalada – 沙拉。’Ensalada’ 听起来像 ‘in salad’，字面上是 ‘en’ + ‘salada’（咸的）。它就是调味沙拉。
10. Action Verbs: Verbos de Acción | 动作动词
Hablar – to speak. ‘Hablar’ sounds like ‘hablar’ (a blabber?). Speaking is blabbing. Keep your mouth moving.
Hablar – 说话。’Hablar’ 听起来像 ‘blabber’（喋喋不休）。说话就是喋喋不休。让你的嘴巴动起来。
Comer – to eat. ‘Comer’ resembles ‘comer’ like ‘come here’ to eat! Very easy.
Comer – 吃。’Comer’ 像英文 ‘come here’（过来）吃东西！非常简单。
Beber – to drink. ‘Beber’ looks like ‘beverage’. A beber is a beverage.
Beber – 喝。’Beber’ 看起来像 ‘beverage’（饮料）。喝的就是饮料。
Correr – to run. ‘Correr’ sounds like ‘corridor’; you run down a corridor.
Correr – 跑。’Correr’ 听起来像 ‘corridor’（走廊）；你在走廊里奔跑。
Saltar – to jump. ‘Saltar’ has ‘salt’ in it; imagine jumping over a salt shaker.
Saltar – 跳。’Saltar’ 里有 ‘salt’（盐）；想象跳过一只盐瓶。
Leer – to read. ‘Leer’ looks like ‘leer’ in English, which is a sly look, but reading is scanning lines.
Leer – 阅读。’Leer’ 像英语里的 ‘leer’（斜眼看），但阅读就是浏览文字。
Escribir – to write. ‘Escribir’ sounds like ‘scribe’; a scribe writes.
Escribir – 写。’Escribir’ 听起来像 ‘scribe’（抄写员）；抄写员就是写字的。
Jugar – to play. ‘Jugar’ looks like ‘juggle’; playing involves juggling sometimes.
Jugar – 玩。’Jugar’ 看起来像 ‘juggle’（杂耍）；玩耍有时就是杂耍。
Use Total Physical Response (TPR): act out each verb as you say it. When you say ‘saltar’, actually jump. This body-mind link locks the word in memory.
使用全身反应法（TPR）：说每个动词时，同时做出动作。说 ‘saltar’ 时，就真的跳起来。这种身心联结能把单词牢牢锁在记忆中。
11. Describing People: Adjetivos |
Published by TutorHao | Year 7 西班牙语 Revision Series | aleveler.com
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