Year 7 AQA French: High-Frequency Topics and Common Mistakes | Year 7 AQA 法语：高频考点与易错题分析

📚 Year 7 AQA French: High-Frequency Topics and Common Mistakes | Year 7 AQA 法语：高频考点与易错题分析

In your first year of learning French, you quickly build the foundations for understanding and using the language. The AQA-aligned Year 7 curriculum focuses on high-frequency vocabulary, key grammatical structures, and practical communication. However, certain topics regularly catch students out – from forgetting to make adjectives agree to mixing up ‘être’ and ‘avoir’. This article breaks down the most common test topics and pinpoints the typical mistakes, so you can avoid them and boost your confidence.

在法语学习的第一年里，你会迅速打下理解和运用这门语言的基础。基于 AQA 的 Year 7 课程侧重于高频词汇、关键语法结构和实际交流。然而，有些知识点总是让学生栽跟头 —— 从忘记形容词的配合到混淆 ‘être’ 与 ‘avoir’。本文将剖析最高频的考点，并指出典型错误，帮助你规避陷阱、提升信心。

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1. Greetings and Personal Information | 问候与个人信息

The very first unit always covers how to say hello, introduce yourself, and ask someone’s name. High-frequency phrases include ‘Bonjour’, ‘Salut’, ‘Je m’appelle…’, ‘Comment tu t’appelles?’, and ‘Ça va?’. A common exam task is to complete a short dialogue or write a self-introduction. The biggest trap here is misusing ‘Je suis’ instead of ‘J’ai’ for age. In French, you say ‘J’ai douze ans’ (I have twelve years), never ‘Je suis douze ans’. Another frequent error is forgetting the accent on ‘Ça va bien, merci’ or confusing ‘tu’ and ‘vous’ – Year 7 tends to use ‘tu’ with friends and ‘vous’ with adults, but the question might specify which form to use.

第一单元总是涵盖如何打招呼、自我介绍和询问姓名。高频用语包括 ‘Bonjour’、’Salut’、’Je m’appelle…’、’Comment tu t’appelles?’ 和 ‘Ça va?’。常见的考题有补全简短对话或写一段自我介绍。此处最大的陷阱是误用 ‘Je suis’ 表达年龄，而不是 ‘J’ai’。法语中说 ‘J’ai douze ans’（我有十二岁），绝不能写成 ‘Je suis douze ans’。另一个常见错误是忘记 ‘Ça va bien, merci’ 中的软音符，或者混淆 ‘tu’ 和 ‘vous’ —— Year 7 阶段通常对朋友用 ‘tu’，对成人用 ‘vous’，但题目可能会指定需要用哪一种形式。

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2. Family, Pets and Descriptions | 家庭、宠物与描述

Talking about family and pets draws on the verbs ‘avoir’ and ‘s’appeler’, as well as possessive adjectives like ‘mon’, ‘ma’, ‘mes’. Candidates must say ‘J’ai un frère’ or ‘Je n’ai pas de sœur’. A classic mistake is using ‘ma’ before a masculine noun starting with a vowel, such as ‘ma amie’ – this must become ‘mon amie’. Another pitfall is failing to use ‘de’ after a negative: ‘Je n’ai pas de chien’ not ‘Je n’ai pas un chien’. When giving names, pupils often forget the difference between ‘Il s’appelle’ (for a boy) and ‘Elle s’appelle’ (for a girl), or they write ‘son nom est’ which, while understood, is less natural than ‘il/elle s’appelle’.

谈论家庭与宠物要用到动词 ‘avoir’ 和 ‘s’appelle’，以及主有形容词如 ‘mon’、’ma’、’mes’。考生必须说 ‘J’ai un frère’（我有一个兄弟）或 ‘Je n’ai pas de sœur’（我没有姐妹）。典型的错误是在以元音开头的阳性名词前用 ‘ma’，比如 ‘ma amie’ —— 这必须变成 ‘mon amie’。另一个陷阱是在否定句中没有用 ‘de’：应该是 ‘Je n’ai pas de chien’，而不是 ‘Je n’ai pas un chien’。在介绍名字时，学生常常忘记 ‘Il s’appelle’（他叫）和 ‘Elle s’appelle’（她叫）的区别，或者写成 ‘son nom est’，虽能理解，但不如 ‘il/elle s’appelle’ 自然。

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3. Numbers, Dates and Birthdays | 数字、日期与生日

Numbers 1–31 are essential for expressing age, dates, and phone numbers. Spelling out numbers often leads to errors: ‘quatre’ is frequently misspelled as ‘qautre’, and ‘vingt’ loses its silent ‘t’ when followed by another number in some cases but not in others. For dates, the correct format is ‘le + number + month’, e.g. ‘le trois mars’. Year 7 students commonly forget the article and say ‘trois mars’. Birthdays require ‘Mon anniversaire est le…’, and many pupils incorrectly use ‘Je suis né(e)’ in early stages, mixing up the passive idea. Another typical slip is forgetting that the first of the month is ‘le premier’, not ‘le un’.

数字 1 到 31 对于表达年龄、日期和电话号码至关重要。拼写数字时常会出现错误：’quatre’ 经常被错拼成 ‘qautre’，而 ‘vingt’ 在后接某些数字时词尾的 ‘t’ 不发音，但在另一些情况中又保留。关于日期，正确的格式是 ‘le + 数字 + 月份’，如 ‘le trois mars’。Year 7 的学生常常漏掉冠词，说成 ‘trois mars’。表示生日需要用 ‘Mon anniversaire est le…’，许多学生在初级阶段会误用 ‘Je suis né(e)’，混入了被动的概念。另一个典型错误是忘记每月的第一天要用 ‘le premier’，而不是 ‘le un’。

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4. School Subjects and Opinions | 学校科目与表达看法

This module introduces subject names like ‘le français’, ‘les maths’, ‘l’histoire-géo’, and opinion phrases such as ‘J’aime’, ‘Je n’aime pas’, ‘J’adore’, ‘Je déteste’. The most common high-frequency error is forgetting the definite article with subjects: ‘J’aime le français’ not ‘J’aime français’. With opinions, pupils often miss putting ‘parce que c’est’ and then need an adjective: ‘intéressant’ or ‘ennuyeux’. Many write ‘parce que c’est intéressant’ but then accidentally use the feminine form for a masculine subject, e.g. ‘le maths, parce que c’est intéressante’ – ‘maths’ is usually plural and treated as feminine for agreement, but ‘c’est’ remains neutral, so the adjective should be masculine singular when following ‘c’est’, thus ‘intéressant’. This is a tricky nuance for Year 7.

这一模块引入了学科名称，如 ‘le français’、’les maths’、’l’histoire-géo’，以及表达看法的短语，如 ‘J’aime’、’Je n’aime pas’、’J’adore’、’Je déteste’。最高频的错误是忘记在学科前使用定冠词：应该是 ‘J’aime le français’，而不是 ‘J’aime français’。在表达看法时，学生往往在 ‘parce que c’est’ 后面漏掉合适的形容词，比如 ‘intéressant’ 或 ‘ennuyeux’。很多人写作 ‘parce que c’est intéressant’，但不小心用了阴性的形式来形容阳性学科，比如 ‘le maths, parce que c’est intéressante’——实际上 ‘maths’ 常为复数且作阴性处理配合，但 ‘c’est’ 为中性结构，其后形容词应采用阳性单数，也就是 ‘intéressant’。这对 Year 7 来说是一个容易混淆的细微点。

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5. Hobbies and Free Time | 爱好与空闲时间

Key verbs here include ‘jouer’ (to play) and ‘faire’ (to do), used with sports, instruments, and activities. High-frequency patterns are ‘jouer au foot’ but ‘jouer de la guitare’, and ‘faire du vélo’. The most persistent mistake is choosing the wrong preposition: ‘jouer au tennis’ not ‘jouer du tennis’; ‘jouer de la batterie’ not ‘jouer de batterie’ (the article is required). When forming full sentences, students also struggle with frequency adverbs like ‘souvent’, ‘parfois’, ‘tous les jours’. They often place them at the end, e.g. ‘Je joue au foot tous les jours’, which is acceptable, but may forget the hyphen in ‘tous les jours’ or confuse ‘tout le temps’. Another typical exam trap is using ‘faire’ with the partitive article ‘du/de la/des’ – ‘Je fais du sport’, ‘Je fais de la natation’, and in negative: ‘Je ne fais pas de sport’.

这里关键动词是 ‘jouer’（玩/演奏）和 ‘faire’（做），分别搭配运动、乐器和活动。高频句型如 ‘jouer au foot’（踢足球），但要用 ‘jouer de la guitare’（弹吉他），还有 ‘faire du vélo’（骑自行车）。最顽固的错误是选错介词：’jouer au tennis’ 而不是 ‘jouer du tennis’；’jouer de la batterie’ 而不是 ‘jouer de batterie’（冠词不可省略）。学生造句时还常常被频率副词 ‘souvent’、’parfois’、’tous les jours’ 绊住，把它们放在句尾固然可以，但容易忘记 ‘tous les jours’ 中的连字符，或者误写成 ‘tout le temps’。另一个典型的考试陷阱是 ‘faire’ 与部分冠词 ‘du/de la/des’ 的搭配 —— ‘Je fais du sport’、’Je fais de la natation’，否定句中变成 ‘Je ne fais pas de sport’。

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6. Describing People: Appearance and Personality | 描述人物：外貌与性格

Adjectives like ‘grand/petit’, ‘intelligent/gentil’, and hair/eye colour come into play. The AQA Year 7 syllabus expects students to use ‘Il/Elle est’ for personality and ‘Il/Elle a’ for physical traits: ‘Elle est sympa’ but ‘Elle a les cheveux longs’. A common blunder is stating ‘Elle est les cheveux bruns’ instead of ‘Elle a les cheveux bruns’. Moreover, accuracy in adjectival agreement is heavily tested: adding an ‘e’ for feminine, ‘s’ for plural. Pupils frequently write ‘Il est grand’ for a girl, or ‘Elle est petit’ without the ‘e’. With ‘gentil’ the feminine is ‘gentille’, which is often misspelled. Word order matters with common adjectives like ‘beau’ and ‘nouveau’ placed before the noun, but ‘intéressant’ after – yet Year 7 rarely penalises complex placement, but does mark incorrect agreements.

描述外表和性格会用到 ‘grand/petit’、’intelligent/gentil’ 以及发色与眼睛颜色等形容词。AQA Year 7 课程要求学生用 ‘Il/Elle est’ 形容性格，用 ‘Il/Elle a’ 描述身体特征：’Elle est sympa’，但要说 ‘Elle a les cheveux longs’。一个常见的纰漏是说成 ‘Elle est les cheveux bruns’，而正确形式是 ‘Elle a les cheveux bruns’。此外，形容词的性数配合是重点考查对象：阴性加 ‘e’，复数加 ‘s’。学生频频把形容女孩的句子写成 ‘Il est grand’，或者把 ‘Elle est petit’ 漏掉了词尾的 ‘e’。’gentil’ 的阴性形式是 ‘gentille’，经常被拼错。形容词的位置对于常见的如 ‘beau’、’nouveau’ 常放在名词前，而 ‘intéressant’ 放在名词后 —— 虽然 Year 7 对语序的扣分不严，但性数配合出错一定扣分。

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7. Food, Drink and Mealtimes | 食物、饮料与进餐

Whether ordering in a café or saying what you eat for breakfast, the partitive article is everywhere: ‘du pain’, ‘de la confiture’, ‘des céréales’, ‘de l’eau’. The most common mistake is using ‘le/la/les’ or no article at all: ‘Je mange pain’ is wrong; you must say ‘Je mange du pain’. In negative sentences, ‘du/de la/des’ all revert to ‘de/d”: ‘Je ne mange pas de viande’. Students often forget this and write ‘Je ne mange pas de la viande’. When using quantities, the rule is similar: ‘beaucoup de’, ‘un peu de’ require just ‘de’, not ‘du’. Many lose marks on ‘Je voudrais’ in the polite request form, forgetting the silent ‘s’ on ‘voudrais’ or misspelling ‘boisson’ as ‘boison’.

无论餐馆点餐还是介绍一日三餐吃什么，部分冠词无处不在：’du pain’、’de la confiture’、’des céréales’、’de l’eau’。最常见的错误是用定冠词 ‘le/la/les’ 或者根本不用冠词：’Je mange pain’ 是错误的，必须说 ‘Je mange du pain’。在否定句中，’du/de la/des’ 一律变为 ‘de/d”：’Je ne mange pas de viande’。学生经常遗漏这一变化，写成 ‘Je ne mange pas de la viande’。在表达数量时，规则相近：’beaucoup de’、’un peu de’ 后面只需 ‘de’，而非 ‘du’。许多人在使用礼貌请求 ‘Je voudrais’ 时丢分，要么忘记 ‘voudrais’ 不发音的 ‘s’，要么把 ‘boisson’ 拼成 ‘boison’。

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8. Where I Live: House and Rooms | 我的住所：房屋与房间

Describing your home calls for ‘J’habite dans une maison/un appartement’ and prepositions of place like ‘sur’, ‘sous’, ‘devant’, ‘derrière’. The high-frequency verb ‘habiter’ is regular, but it is often confused with ‘vivre’. For Year 7, stick to ‘habiter’. A frequent error is writing ‘dans ma maison’ when ‘dans une maison’ is expected, or using ‘à’ to mean ‘in’ for a house, like ‘J’habite à une maison’ – this is incorrect. When listing rooms, students must use ‘il y a’ (there is/there are) and correctly combine with numbers: ‘Il y a trois chambres’. Many forget the plural ‘s’ on ‘chambres’. Describing the bedroom brings in prepositions: ‘mon lit est à côté de la fenêtre’. The contraction ‘du’ versus ‘de la’ after ‘à côté’ often causes mistakes.

描述住所需要用 ‘J’habite dans une maison/un appartement’ 以及地点介词如 ‘sur’、’sous’、’devant’、’derrière’。高频动词 ‘habiter’ 是规则动词，但常与 ‘vivre’ 混淆。在 Year 7 阶段，坚持使用 ‘habiter’。一个很常见的错误是写成 ‘dans ma maison’，但其实需要 ‘dans une maison’，或者把 ‘à’ 误当成英文的 “in” 来用，比如 ‘J’habite à une maison’ —— 这是不对的。列举房间时必须用 ‘il y a’，并且要正确与数字搭配：’Il y a trois chambres’。许多人会忘记给 ‘chambres’ 加上复数 ‘s’。描述卧室时还会引入介词短语：’mon lit est à côté de la fenêtre’。’à côté de’ 后面跟 ‘du’ 还是 ‘de la’ 的缩合问题也常常考倒一片。

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9. Telling the Time and Daily Routine | 时间表达与日常生活

Time expressions such as ‘Quelle heure est-il?’ and ‘Il est…’ are another core topic. Year 7 needs to master ‘Il est une heure’, ‘Il est deux heures et demie’, ‘Il est midi/minuit’. The cardinal error here is mixing up the number: ‘Il est une heure’ not ‘Il est un heure’. Also, ‘moins le quart’ causes confusion because of the reversing logic: ‘Il est trois heures moins le quart’ means 2:45. Many pupils misplace ‘du matin/de l’après-midi/du soir’. In daily routine, reflexive verbs such as ‘se lever’, ‘se laver’ appear, but Year 7 typically introduces them without full conjugation: ‘Je me lève’. A common slip is forgetting the reflexive pronoun: ‘Je lève à sept heures’ instead of ‘Je me lève à sept heures’.

表达时间的句型 ‘Quelle heure est-il?’ 和 ‘Il est…’ 是又一个核心话题。Year 7 需要掌握 ‘Il est une heure’、’Il est deux heures et demie’ 以及 ‘Il est midi/minuit’。此处容易犯的根本错误是混淆数字：’Il est une heure’ 而不是 ‘Il est un heure’。此外，’moins le quart’ 因为逻辑反推而造成困扰：’Il est trois heures moins le quart’ 表示 2:45。很多学生把 ‘du matin/de l’après-midi/du soir’ 放错位置。对于日常生活，会接触到部分代动词，如 ‘se lever’、’se laver’，但 Year 7 一般只要求简单形式，如 ‘Je me lève’。典型的错误是漏掉自反代词：写成 ‘Je lève à sept heures’，而不是 ‘Je me lève à sept heures’。

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10. Key Verbs: avoir, être, faire, aller and -er Verbs | 关键动词：avoir, être, faire, aller 及 -er 动词

These four irregular verbs form the backbone of most Year 7 writing and speaking. Common test items ask for ‘Nous avons’, ‘Ils sont’, ‘Elle fait’, ‘Vous allez’. The constant mix-up is between ‘a’ (from avoir) and ‘est’ (from être): ‘Il a 12 ans’ versus ‘Il est grand’. The verb ‘aller’ is misapplied in the near future: ‘Je vais jouer au foot’, many omit the infinitive and write ‘Je vais joue au foot’. For -er verbs like ‘regarder’, ‘écouter’, ‘parler’, the biggest error stems from forgetting to remove the -er before adding endings: ‘Je regarde’, not ‘Je regarder’. Subject-verb agreement errors also spike with ‘tu’ and ‘nous’: ‘Tu parles’ needs an ‘s’, ‘Nous parlons’ ends in ‘ons’, but pupils write ‘Tu parle’ or ‘Nous Parlont’.

这四个不规则动词构成了 Year 7 大部分写作与口语的骨干。常考题会要求写出 ‘Nous avons’、’Ils sont’、’Elle fait’、’Vous allez’。最容易张冠李戴的是 ‘a’（avoir 的变位）与 ‘est’（être 的变位）：’Il a 12 ans’ 对比 ‘Il est grand’。动词 ‘aller’ 在最近将来时中会被误用：’Je vais jouer au foot’，很多学生遗漏动词不定式，写成 ‘Je vais joue au foot’。对于以 -er 结尾的规则动词，如 ‘regarder’、’écouter’、’parler’，头号错误是忘记去掉 -er 再加词尾：正确形式是 ‘Je regarde’，而不是 ‘Je regarder’。主谓搭配错误在 ‘tu’ 和 ‘nous’ 上集中爆发：’Tu parles’ 词尾必须有个 ‘s’，’Nous parlons’ 以 ‘ons’ 结尾，但学生常常写成 ‘Tu parle’ 或 ‘Nous parlont’。

Subject	avoir	être	faire	aller	parler
je	j’ai	je suis	je fais	je vais	je parle
tu	tu as	tu es	tu fais	tu vas	tu parles
il/elle/on	il a	il est	il fait	il va	il parle
nous	nous avons	nous sommes	nous faisons	nous allons	nous parlons
vous	vous avez	vous êtes	vous faites	vous allez	vous parlez
ils/elles	ils ont	ils sont	ils font	ils vont	ils parlent

This table highlights the forms that Year 7 must know inside out. Pay special attention to the silent endings, as they are frequently omitted in spelling.

此表总结了 Year 7 必须烂熟于心的动词形式。请特别注意不发音的词尾，它们在拼写中常常被遗漏。

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11. Adjectives: Agreement and Position | 形容词：性数配合与位置

Adjective endings change according to the noun they describe. Basic patterns: add -e for feminine, -s for plural, -es for feminine plural. Exception: masculine adjectives already ending in -e, like ‘sympa’ (invariable), ‘triste’ (same for both), but ‘mignon’ becomes ‘mignonne’ – a spelling trap. A tough spot is irregular feminine forms: ‘blanc → blanche’, ‘long → longue’, ‘bon → bonne’. In tests, students are frequently given a table to fill or must describe a picture using correct agreement. They often write ‘Il a les yeux vert’ forgetting the plural ‘verts’, or ‘Elle a un robe rouge’ where ‘robe’ is feminine but ‘rouge’ stays the same because it naturally ends in -e. The mix-up between ‘beau’, ‘bel’, ‘belle’ for singular masculine before vowel/h-muette also catches many.

形容词词尾要随着所修饰名词变化。基本规则：阴性加 -e，复数加 -s，阴性复数加 -es。例外：本身以 -e 结尾的阳性形容词，如 ‘sympa’（不加 e），’triste’ 阴阳相同，但 ‘mignon’ 变成 ‘mignonne’ —— 一个拼写陷阱。不规则阴性形式是难点：’blanc → blanche’，’long → longue’，’bon → bonne’。考试中常让学生填表或根据图片进行描述，一不留神就写出 ‘Il a les yeux vert’，却忘了用复数 ‘verts’。或者是 ‘Elle a un robe rouge’，其中 ‘robe’ 是阴性，但 ‘rouge’ 本身以 -e 结尾所以无需变化，学生却可能画蛇添足。’beau’、’bel’、’belle’ 在修饰以元音或哑音 h 开头的阳性单数名词时的变化，也让许多人栽跟头。

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12. Negatives and Basic Questions | 否定句与基础问句

Forming negatives in Year 7 mostly centres on ‘ne…pas’ sandwiching the conjugated verb: ‘Je ne regarde pas la télé’. Errors here include forgetting ‘ne’ (common in spoken French but penalised in writing), and placing ‘pas’ incorrectly – ‘Je ne pas regarde’ is wrong. With compound verbs like ‘il y a’, the negative is ‘il n’y a pas’, and many forget the apostrophe after ‘n’ before a vowel. Question formation relies on ‘Est-ce que…?’, inversion (rare in Year 7), or simply raising intonation (informal). The typical written exam asks to turn a statement into a question with ‘Est-ce que’. Common slip: ‘Est-ce que tu aimes le foot?’ but the verb must still agree with ‘tu’ – ‘aimes’, not ‘aime’. For questions using ‘Qu’est-ce que’, students sometimes write ‘Qu’est-ce que tu fais?’ but omit the hyphen in ‘Qu’est-ce’, leading to ‘Quest ce que’. These small details add up to avoidable mark losses.

Year 7 的否定句主要围绕 ‘ne…pas’ 将变位动词包裹起来：’Je ne regarde pas la télé’。常见错误包括漏掉 ‘ne’（口语中多见，但书写扣分），以及把 ‘pas’ 放错位置 —— ‘Je ne pas regarde’ 不正确。遇到复合表达如 ‘il y a’，否定是 ‘il n’y a pas’，许多人忘记在元音前的 ‘n’ 后面加省音符。问句构造依赖 ‘Est-ce que…?’，主谓倒装在 Year 7 很少，或者直接提升语调（非正式）。写作考试通常要求用 ‘Est-ce que’ 把陈述句变为疑问句。典型的疏漏：’Est-ce que tu aimes le foot?’，动词仍须与 ‘tu’ 配合 —— 用 ‘aimes’，而不是 ‘aime’。当使用 ‘Qu’est-ce que’ 提问时，学生可能写成 ‘Qu’est-ce que tu fais?’，却漏掉 ‘Qu’est-ce’ 中的连字符，变成 ‘Quest ce que’。这些细节虽小，累积起来就会造成不必要的丢分。

Published by TutorHao | French Revision Series | aleveler.com

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