📚 Year 7 Cambridge Politics: Essential Vocabulary Quick Memorisation Guide | 剑桥7年级政治：必备术语快速记忆指南
Understanding key political terms is crucial for Year 7 students starting their Cambridge Politics course. This guide breaks down the most important vocabulary into simple definitions and clever memory tricks, making revision fun and effective.
对于开始学习剑桥政治课程的7年级学生来说，理解关键政治术语至关重要。本指南将最重要的词汇分解为简单的定义和巧妙的记忆技巧，使复习变得有趣而高效。
1. Government | 政府
A government is the group of people who have the authority to run a country, make laws, and keep order. In the UK, the government is led by the Prime Minister and operates from Westminster.
政府是拥有管理国家、制定法律和维持秩序权力的一群人。在英国，政府由首相领导，在威斯敏斯特运作。
Memory tip: Think of ‘govern’ as steering a ship (just like a ‘governor’ controls an engine). A government steers the country’s direction. Imagine a captain at the wheel.
记忆技巧：把 ‘govern’ 想象成驾驶轮船（就像引擎调速器控制发动机一样）。政府引领国家前进的方向。想象一位船长掌舵。
2. Democracy | 民主
Democracy comes from the Greek words ‘demos’ (people) and ‘kratos’ (power or rule). It means the people have the power to decide how they are governed, usually by voting for representatives.
民主源自希腊语 ‘demos’（人民）和 ‘kratos’（权力或统治）。它意味着人民有权决定如何被治理，通常通过投票选举代表来实现。
Memory trick: Break it down — ‘demo’ sounds like ‘demo’ where people show their voices, and ‘cracy’ rhymes with ‘crazy’, but just remember ‘cracy’ means rule. So, people rule! Picture a peaceful demonstration with voting boxes.
记忆技巧：拆分一下——’demo’ 听起来像人们表达声音的 ‘演示’（或示威），’cracy’ 虽然像 ‘crazy’（疯狂），但记住它表示统治。所以是人民统治！想象一个有投票箱的和平集会。
3. Monarchy | 君主制
A monarchy is a form of government where a king, queen, or emperor is the head of state. The position is usually inherited. In a constitutional monarchy like the UK, the monarch’s powers are limited by law.
君主制是一种政府形式，国王、女王或皇帝是国家元首。这个职位通常是世袭的。在像英国这样的君主立宪制国家，君主的权力受到法律的限制。
Memory aid: ‘Mon’ means one or single, and ‘arch’ means ruler. Think of a single ruler standing on top of an arch, wearing a crown. ‘One ruler above all’.
记忆辅助：’Mon’ 表示单一，’arch’ 表示统治者。想象一位统治者站在拱门之上，头戴王冠。’一人统治万民’。
4. Parliament | 议会
Parliament is the law-making body in many countries. In the UK, it consists of the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the Monarch. It debates and passes new laws.
议会是许多国家的立法机构。在英国，它由下议院、上议院和君主组成。它辩论并通过新法律。
Memory trick: The word contains ‘parley’, which means to talk or discuss. Parliament is a place for talking laws into existence. Visualise an old hall where people ‘parley’ constantly.
记忆技巧：这个词包含 ‘parley’，意思是谈判或讨论。议会就是一个通过对话制定法律的地方。想象一个古老的大厅，人们不停地 ‘parley’（会谈）。
5. Law | 法律
A law is a rule made by the government that everyone in a society must follow. Breaking a law can lead to punishment. Laws help maintain order and protect people’s rights.
法律是由政府制定的规则，社会中的每个人都必须遵守。违法可能导致惩罚。法律有助于维持秩序和保护人们的权利。
Memory aid: Think of ‘law’ as the invisible fence around a playground. You can play freely, but you must not cross the fence. The word is short and sharp, just like a rule should be clear.
记忆辅助：把 ‘law’ 想象成游乐场周围的隐形围栏。你可以自由玩耍，但不能越过围栏。这个词简短有力，就像规则应该明确清晰一样。
6. Rights | 权利
Rights are the basic freedoms and entitlements that all people should have, such as the right to life, education, and free speech. They are often protected by law.
权利是所有人与生俱来的基本自由和应享待遇，例如生命权、受教育权和言论自由权。它们通常受到法律的保护。
Memory trick: ‘Rights’ sound like ‘rights’ as in ‘correct things’. You can remember that it is ‘right’ or correct for every person to have these protections. Imagine a checklist of ‘correct’ items that no one can take away.
记忆技巧：’Rights’ 听起来就像 ‘正确的事’。你可以记住，每个人都拥有这些保护是 ‘正确的’。想象一张写着 ‘正确’ 事项的清单，没有人能够夺走。
7. Responsibility | 责任
A responsibility is a duty or something you are expected to do as a citizen, such as obeying the law, paying taxes, or serving on a jury. With rights come responsibilities.
责任是作为公民应尽的义务或应做的事，例如遵守法律、纳税或担任陪审员。享有权利的同时也伴随着责任。
Memory aid: Split it into ‘response’ and ‘ability’. It is your ability to respond to the needs of your community. You are ‘able’ to ‘respond’ and help. Think of a superhero responding to a call.
记忆辅助：拆成 ‘response’（回应）和 ‘ability’（能力）。这是你回应社区需求的能力。你 ‘有能力’ 去 ‘回应’ 并提供帮助。想想超级英雄响应召唤。
8. Justice | 正义
Justice means fairness in the way people are treated, especially in the legal system. It involves making sure the law is applied equally and that wrongdoers face consequences.
正义意味着人们在被对待的方式上是公平的，特别是在法律体系中。它涉及确保法律平等适用，以及违法者承担后果。
Memory trick: Think of the word ‘just’, meaning fair. A judge is supposed to be ‘just’. Visualise a set of scales balancing perfectly — that is justice. The ‘-ice’ ending can remind you of a cool, balanced state.
记忆技巧：想到 ‘just’（公正的）这个词。法官理应 ‘just’。想象一套完全平衡的天平——那就是正义。’-ice’ 结尾可以让你想到冷静、平衡的状态。
9. Election | 选举
An election is a formal process in which citizens vote to choose a person or a political party to represent them in government. Elections are a key feature of democracy.
选举是公民投票选择一个人或一个政党在政府中代表他们的正式过程。选举是民主的一个关键特征。
Memory aid: ‘E-‘ means out, and ‘lection’ comes from the Latin for choosing. You are ‘choosing out’ your representative. Think of electing your favorite singer on a talent show by picking them out of a group.
记忆辅助：’E-‘ 表示向外，’lection’ 来源于拉丁语的 ‘选择’。你正在从人群中 ‘挑选出’ 你的代表。想象在才艺表演中通过挑选选出你最喜欢的歌手。
10. Vote | 投票
A vote is the formal expression of a person’s choice or opinion in an election or decision-making process. Each vote carries equal weight, symbolising fair participation.
投票是个人在选举或决策过程中正式表达的选择或意见。每一票都具有同等的分量，象征着公平的参与。
Memory trick: ‘Vote’ rhymes with ‘boat’. Imagine everyone getting into a boat to sail towards a common future, and each person’s step into the boat is like casting a vote. Your voice floats the boat of democracy.
记忆技巧：’Vote’ 和 ‘boat’（船）押韵。想象每个人都踏上一艘驶向共同未来的船，每个人踏入船中的那一步就像投下一票。你的声音推动民主之船前行。
11. Constitution | 宪法
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state is governed. It outlines the structure of government and the rights of citizens.
宪法是一套基本原则或既定先例，国家据此进行治理。它概述了政府的结构和公民的权利。
Memory aid: Think of a ‘construction’ plan for a country. Just as a building needs a blueprint, a country is ‘constructed’ on its constitution. ‘Con-‘ means together, ‘stitution’ like institution — the rules that hold the institution together.
记忆辅助：把它想象成国家的 ‘建设’ 蓝图。就像建筑需要蓝图一样，国家是建立在其宪法之上的。’Con-‘ 表示共同，’stitution’ 像 ‘institution’（制度）——将这些制度维系在一起的规则。
12. Citizenship | 公民身份
Citizenship is the status of being a member of a particular country, with the rights and responsibilities that come with it. A citizen can participate fully in the political life of the nation.
公民身份是作为特定国家成员的身份，并伴随相应的权利和责任。公民可以充分参与国家的政治生活。
Memory trick: Combine ‘city’ and ‘zen’ (peaceful) plus ‘ship’ like membership. Imagine belonging to a peaceful city on a ship — you hold the ticket of citizenship. The ‘ship’ suffix means a state or condition, so being a citizen is a state of belonging.
记忆技巧：结合 ‘city’（城市）和 ‘zen’（禅，宁静），再加上 ‘ship’ 像会员身份。想象属于一艘船上的宁静城市——你持有公民身份这张船票。后缀 ‘-ship’ 表示状态或身份，因此成为公民是一种归属状态。
Published by TutorHao | Politics Revision Series | aleveler.com
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