📚 Year 7 CCEA Maths: A Quick Vocabulary and Terminology Guide | Year 7 CCEA 数学：词汇术语速记指南
Maths is like a language, and understanding key terms is the first step to solving problems confidently. This guide gives you the essential Year 7 CCEA mathematical vocabulary – each term clearly explained in English and Mandarin – together with simple memory tricks (mnemonics, word play, and patterns) to help you learn faster and remember longer. Instead of memorising blindly, you will see how terms link to real ideas, and soon you will be speaking maths fluently!
数学就像一门语言，理解关键术语是你自信解题的第一步。本指南为你梳理了 Year 7 CCEA 数学必备的词汇——每条术语都有清晰的英文与中文解释，并配有简单的记忆窍门（助记法、词源联想和规律总结），让你学得快、记得牢。告别死记硬背，你将发现每个术语背后都藏着有趣的思路，不知不觉间就能像说母语一样“说”数学！
1. Number and Place Value | 数字与位值
Integer – a whole number that can be positive, negative or zero (e.g. −3, 0, 8). Think of ‘integer’ as meaning ‘intact’ or whole, not broken into fractions.
整数 (Integer) – 可以是正数、负数或零的完整数字（如 −3, 0, 8）。联想：‘integer’ 听起来像‘完整’，没有拆成分数。
Digit – a single symbol used to write numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Our number system has ten digits, just like ten fingers!
数字符号 (Digit) – 书写数字时使用的单个符号：0 至 9。十进制正好对应我们的十根手指，很好记。
Place value – the value of a digit depending on its position in the number. In 357, the 5 means 5 tens, or 50. The same digit in 578 means 5 hundreds.
位值 (Place value) – 数字因所处位置而表示的值。在 357 中，5 表示 5 个十（即 50）；在 578 中，5 表示 5 个百。位置决定大小。
Negative number – a number less than zero, shown with a minus sign. −5 is colder than −2 on a thermometer. Imagine going down in a lift below ground level.
负数 (Negative number) – 小于零的数，用减号表示。例如温度计上 −5 °C 比 −2 °C 更冷。想象坐电梯下到地下楼层。
Ascending / Descending – ascending means going up (smallest to largest: 1, 3, 7), descending means going down (largest to smallest: 9, 5, 2). Think ‘A’ in ascending for ‘above’ – numbers rise.
升序 / 降序 (Ascending/Descending) – 升序是从小到大排列（如 1, 3, 7），降序是从大到小排列（如 9, 5, 2）。记住 ‘A’ 代表 ‘above’，升序往上走。
2. Addition and Subtraction Strategies | 加法与减法策略
Sum – the result when two or more numbers are added. The sum of 14 and 6 is 20. Rhyme it with ‘some’ – you are putting some together.
和 (Sum) – 两个或多个数相加的结果。14 加 6 的和是 20。和‘合’谐音，合并在一起。
Difference – the result of subtracting one number from another. The difference between 15 and 9 is 6. It tells you how far apart the two numbers are.
差 (Difference) – 一个数减去另一个数的结果。15 和 9 的差是 6。差其实就是两个数之间的距离。
Inverse operation – an operation that reverses another. Addition and subtraction are inverses: 8 + 7 = 15, so 15 − 7 = 8. Think ‘undo’ button.
逆运算 (Inverse operation) – 能将另一种运算还原的运算。加减互为逆运算：8 + 7 = 15，那么 15 − 7 = 8。就像‘撤销’键。
Plus / Minus – the symbols + (plus, increase) and − (minus, decrease). Picture a plus sign as two lines joining forces, and a minus sign as taking one line away.
加号 / 减号 (Plus/Minus) – 符号 + 表示求和、增加；− 表示求差、减少。想象加号是两线会合，减号是抽走一条线。
Column method – a written method where you line up digits by place value (units, tens, hundreds) before adding or subtracting. Keep columns neat, like soldiers in a parade.
列竖法 (Column method) – 一种笔算方法，按个、十、百位对齐数字列再进行加减。把数字想象成方阵里的士兵，对齐才不容易出错。
3. Multiplication and Division Essentials | 乘法与除法要点
Product – the result of multiplying two numbers. The product of 6 and 4 is 24. ‘Product’ can make you think of ‘produce’ – multiplication creates a bigger result.
积 (Product) – 两数相乘的结果。6 和 4 的积是 24。联想：产品 (product) 是制造出来的，乘法也‘制造’出新数字。
Quotient – the result of dividing one number by another. In 20 ÷ 5 = 4, 4 is the quotient. The word sounds like ‘quote’ – you are quoting how many groups you get.
商 (Quotient) – 一个数除以另一个数的结果。20 ÷ 5 = 4 中的 4 就是商。发音类似‘quote（引用）’，好像在回答‘分成几份’。
Factor – a whole number that divides exactly into another number. 1, 2, 4, 8 are factors of 8. A factor is a ‘factory part’ that builds the number.
因数 (Factor) – 能整除另一个数的整数。1, 2, 4, 8 都是 8 的因数。可以把它想象成搭建数字的‘积木块’。
Multiple – the result of multiplying a number by an integer. The multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, … Think of multiples as ‘many copies’ of a number.
倍数 (Multiple) – 一个数乘以整数的结果。3 的倍数有 3, 6, 9, 12 …… 联想：‘多重’拷贝，就是把这个数一次次地累加。
Remainder – the amount left over after division when one number does not divide exactly. 23 ÷ 5 = 4 remainder 3. Like sharing sweets and having a few left.
余数 (Remainder) – 除法中不能整除时剩下的部分。23 ÷ 5 = 4 余 3。就像分糖果，最后会多出几颗。
4. Order of Operations (BODMAS) | 运算顺序 (BODMAS 规则)
BODMAS / BIDMAS – a rule for the order in which you do operations: Brackets, Orders (powers/indices), Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction. Remember the phrase: ‘Billy Orders Drinks Made And Sipped’.
BODMAS / BIDMAS – 规定运算优先级的规则：括号，幂/指数，除法，乘法，加法，减法。可用口诀记忆：‘括号哥哥先算，指数姐姐跟着，乘除并肩走，加减最后收’。
Brackets – symbols ( ) used to group parts of a calculation that must be done first. (3 + 2) × 4 means add first, then multiply. Brackets are like a ‘do me first’ flag.
括号 (Brackets) – 符号 ( ) 用于把需要先计算的部分括起来。(3 + 2) × 4 表示先加后乘。括号就像插了一面‘先算我’的小旗子。
Order / Index – a number showing how many times to multiply a number by itself. 3² means 3 × 3. ‘Order’ can be remembered because the power gives ‘orders’ to multiply repeatedly.
指数 (Order/Index) – 表示一个数目乘几次自身的数量。3² 表示 3 × 3。想象指数像军官‘下达命令’，让底数重复相乘。
Steps of BODMAS – always work left to right for division and multiplication, then left to right for addition and subtraction. Write the rule at the top of your test paper!
BODMAS 步骤 – 在乘除同级、加减同级时，从左向右依次计算。不妨在草稿纸最上方写下 BODMAS，答题时随时对照。
5. Fractions, Decimals and Percentages | 分数、小数与百分数
Numerator – the top number in a fraction; it tells how many parts you have. In ¾ , the numerator is 3. Think ‘U’ in numerator for ‘up’.
分子 (Numerator) – 分数线上方的数，表示你取了多少份。¾ 的分子是 3。记法：分子在‘上’方，‘上’和 ‘num’ 发音联想。
Denominator – the bottom number in a fraction; it tells how many equal parts the whole is divided into. In ¾ , the denominator is 4. ‘D’ for ‘down’.
分母 (Denominator) – 分数线下方的数，表示整体被分成了多少等份。¾ 的分母是 4。‘Denominator’ 含 ‘down’，分母在下方。
Equivalent fractions – fractions that represent the same amount but have different numerators and denominators. ½ = ²⁄₄ = 4/8. They are ‘equal in value’.
等值分数 (Equivalent fractions) – 表示相同大小但分子分母不同的分数。½ = ²⁄₄ = 4/8。关键在‘等值’，只是切法不同。
Simplify a fraction – to write it in its lowest terms by dividing the numerator and denominator by their highest common factor. 8/12 simplifies to 2/3.
约分 (Simplify) – 将分子分母同时除以它们的最大公因数，化为最简分数。8/12 约分后得 2/3。
Decimal place – the position of a digit after the decimal point. 0.25 has two decimal places. Think of ‘decimal’ as ‘decimetre’ – ten parts.
小数位 (Decimal place) – 小数点后数字的位置。0.25 有两位小数。联想 ‘decimal’ 和 ‘decade（十年）’，都和十有关。
Percentage – a fraction with denominator 100, shown with the % sign. ½ = 50%. ‘Per cent’ means ‘out of 100’. Visualise a hundred-grid.
百分数 (Percentage) – 分母为 100 的分数，用 % 表示。½ = 50%。‘百分之’即‘每百份中’。想象百格图上涂了多少格。
6. Algebra and Expressions | 代数与表达式
Variable – a letter that stands for an unknown number or a value that can change. In x + 5 = 12, x is the variable. Think of it as a ‘variety’ of possible values.
变量 (Variable) – 用字母表示未知数或可以变化的量。x + 5 = 12 中的 x 就是变量。它像一个空盒子，可以放入不同数字。
Expression – a mixture of numbers, letters and operation signs without an equals sign. 3y + 2, 5a − b are expressions. No equal means no demand to solve.
表达式 (Expression) – 由数字、字母和运算符号组成，没有等号。如 3y + 2、5a − b。没有等号就不是等式，不用‘求解’。
Equation – a statement showing two expressions are equal, using an equals sign. 2n = 10. Think ‘equa’ – equal on both sides as if on a balance scale.
方程 (Equation) – 用等号连接两个表达式的式子，表示两边相等。如 2n = 10。想象天平，两边保持平衡。
Term – a single number, letter or product in an expression. In 4x + 7, ‘4x’ and ‘7’ are terms. Separate terms by + or − signs.
项 (Term) – 表达式中的一个单独的数、字母或它们的乘积。在 4x + 7 中，‘4x’ 和 ‘7’ 各是一项。按加号或减号隔开。
Coefficient – the number multiplying a variable. In 5p, 5 is the coefficient. It tells ‘how many p’s’. Co- means together; it works together with the letter.
系数 (Coefficient) – 乘在变量前面的数字。5p 中的 5 就是系数。系数告诉你‘有多少个 p’，和变量一起出现。
Substitute – to replace a variable with a given number. If a = 3, then 2a + 1 = 7. Act like a substitute player – one value goes in place of the letter.
代入 (Substitute) – 用具体数值替换变量。若 a = 3，则 2a + 1 = 7。就像替补队员上场，数值替掉字母。
7. Geometry: Shapes and Angles | 几何：图形与角
Polygon – a closed 2D shape made of straight lines. Triangles, quadrilaterals and pentagons are polygons. ‘Poly’ means many, ‘gon’ means angle.
多边形 (Polygon) – 由直线段围成的封闭二维图形。三角形、四边形、五边形都是多边形。“多”表示很多，“边形”指向边角。
Quadrilateral – any four-sided polygon. Square, rectangle, rhombus, trapezium are quadrilaterals. ‘Quad’ means four, like a quad bike.
四边形 (Quadrilateral) – 有四条边的多边形。正方形、长方形、菱形、梯形都是四边形。‘Quad’ 表示四，联想到四轮摩托车。
Acute / Obtuse / Right angle – acute: less than 90° (a cute small angle); right: exactly 90° (a perfect L-shape); obtuse: between 90° and 180° (obtuse sounds ‘wide’, a wider angle).
锐角 / 钝角 / 直角 – 锐角小于 90°（小尖角）；直角等于 90°（完美的 L 形）；钝角介于 90° 和 180° 之间（钝角‘钝’有宽大之意）。
Perimeter – the total distance around the outside of a shape. Add up all side lengths. Imagine a fence ‘rim’ around a field.
周长 (Perimeter) – 图形外边线的总长度，即所有边长之和。想象沿着操场围栏走一圈的长度。
Area – the amount of surface a shape covers. For a rectangle: A = l × w. Use grid squares to picture it.
面积 (Area) – 图形覆盖的表面大小。对于长方形，A = l × w。用方格纸可以直观感受面积。
A = l × w
8. Measures and Units | 测量与单位
Metric units – the standard system using metres, grams, litres. Length: mm, cm, m, km; Mass: g, kg; Capacity: ml, L. Think ‘metric’ like ‘meter-stick’.
公制单位 (Metric units) – 使用米、克、升的标准体系。长度：毫米 mm、厘米 cm、米 m、千米 km；质量：克 g、千克 kg；容量：毫升 ml、升 L。
Convert – to change a measurement from one unit to another. 1 km = 1000 m, 1 m = 100 cm, 1 kg = 1000 g. Use the ‘multiply or divide by 10, 100, 1000’ rule.
单位换算 (Convert) – 把量从一个单位换成另一个单位。1 km = 1000 m，1 m = 100 cm，1 kg = 1000 g。记住进率都是 10, 100, 1000。
Length, Mass, Capacity – length is ‘how long’ (ruler), mass is ‘how heavy’ (scale), capacity is ‘how much liquid’ (measuring jug). Associate each with its measuring tool.
长度、质量、容量 – 长度用尺量‘多长’，质量用秤称‘多重’，容量用量杯测‘能装多少液体’。联系对应工具，概念不混淆。
Key conversions – 10 mm = 1 cm, 100 cm = 1 m, 1000 m = 1 km; 1000 g = 1 kg; 1000 ml = 1 L. Make
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