📚 Year 7 CCEA Philosophy: Summer Prep & Transition Course | Year 7 CCEA 哲学：暑期预习与衔接课程
Welcome to the world of philosophy! This summer, you are about to begin a fascinating journey into some of the deepest questions humans have ever asked. In Year 7 CCEA Philosophy, you will not just learn facts — you will learn how to think critically, ask bold questions, and explore ideas about life, knowledge, right and wrong, and the universe. This prep and transition course will help you feel confident and excited before you even step into the classroom. We will introduce the core skills you need, share fun activities, and explain what makes philosophy different from other subjects.
欢迎来到哲学的世界！这个夏天，你即将踏上一段迷人的旅程，探索人类有史以来提出的一些最深刻的问题。在 Year 7 CCEA 哲学课程中，你不仅要学习事实——你还要学习如何进行批判性思考，提出大胆的问题，并探索关于生命、知识、对与错以及宇宙的各种想法。这个预习与衔接课程将帮助你在进入课堂之前就感到自信和兴奋。我们将介绍你需要的核心技能，分享有趣的活动，并说明哲学与其他学科的不同之处。
1. What is Philosophy? | 哲学是什么？
Philosophy comes from two Greek words: ‘philo’ (love) and ‘sophia’ (wisdom). Simply put, it is the love of wisdom. Philosophers try to understand the world and our place in it by thinking deeply and logically. Unlike science, which uses experiments, philosophy often uses thought, discussion and argument. In Year 7, you will discover that philosophy is not about memorising answers but about asking better questions. You will learn to wonder why we believe what we believe and whether things could be different.
哲学源自两个希腊词：“philo”（爱）和“sophia”（智慧）。简单来说，哲学就是对智慧的热爱。哲学家试图通过深入和逻辑性的思考来理解世界以及我们在其中的位置。与使用实验的科学不同，哲学常常使用思考、讨论和论证。在七年级，你会发现哲学不是记住答案，而是提出更好的问题。你将学会思考我们为什么相信我们所相信的，以及事情是否可能有所不同。
Many students are surprised to find that they are already philosophers! Every time you ask ‘Is that fair?’ or ‘How do I know that?’ you are thinking philosophically. Philosophy gives you the tools to examine those everyday questions more carefully. It encourages curiosity, creativity and respectful disagreement.
许多学生会惊讶地发现自己已经是哲学家了！每当你问“这公平吗？”或“我怎么知道呢？”，你就在进行哲学思考。哲学为你提供了更仔细地审视这些日常问题的工具。它鼓励好奇心、创造力和相互尊重的不同意。
2. Asking Big Questions | 提出大问题
Philosophers are famous for asking big, sometimes unsettling questions. In Year 7, you will explore questions like: What makes a person the same over time? Can computers think? Why should we be good? Is time real? These questions often have no single correct answer, and that is the point. You will learn to consider different viewpoints and support your own ideas with reasons. The goal is not to win a debate but to get closer to the truth together.
哲学家以提出宏大、有时令人不安的问题而闻名。在七年级，你将探索诸如以下问题：是什么让一个人随着时间的流逝还是同一个人？计算机会思考吗？我们为什么要行善？时间是真实的吗？这些问题往往没有一个唯一的正确答案，而这正是重点。你将学会考虑不同的观点，并用理由支持自己的想法。目标不是赢得辩论，而是一起更接近真理。
During the summer, you can start practising by keeping a ‘Big Questions’ notebook. Every day, write down one question that puzzles you — it could be about friends, nature, rules or even dreams. Try to think of at least two possible answers and the reasons for each. This simple habit will sharpen your philosophical mind before school begins.
在暑假期间，你可以通过准备一本“大问题”笔记来开始练习。每天写下让你感到困惑的一个问题——可以是关于朋友、自然、规则甚至梦境的。试着想出至少两个可能的答案以及每个答案的理由。这个简单的习惯将在开学前锐化你的哲学思维。
3. Arguments and Reasoning | 论证与推理
In philosophy, an argument is not a fight; it is a set of statements that work together to support a conclusion. You will learn to build arguments by giving reasons (called premises) and showing how they lead to a conclusion. For example: ‘All students are learners. I am a student. Therefore, I am a learner.’ This is called deductive reasoning. In Year 7, you will also learn about inductive reasoning, where you draw a likely conclusion based on evidence. Recognising good and bad reasoning helps you think more clearly.
在哲学中，论证不是吵架；它是一组共同支持某个结论的陈述。你将学习如何通过给出理由（称为前提）并展示它们如何导向结论来构建论证。例如：“所有学生都是学习者。我是一名学生。因此，我是学习者。”这被称为演绎推理。在七年级，你还将学习归纳推理，即根据证据得出可能的结论。识别好与坏的推理有助于你更清晰地思考。
A helpful summer exercise is to practise spotting arguments in everyday conversations or news headlines. Ask yourself: what reason is being given? Does the reason actually support the claim? Try writing your own arguments about favourite foods or best school subjects, using at least two reasons to support your point. This will prepare you for constructing solid philosophical arguments.
一个有益的暑期练习是练习在日常对话或新闻标题中发现论证。问问自己：给出了什么理由？这个理由真的支持这个主张吗？尝试写一写关于最喜欢的食物或最好的学校科目的论点，用至少两个理由来支持你的观点。这将为你构建扎实的哲学论证做好准备。
4. The Socratic Method | 苏格拉底式提问
Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that wisdom comes from questioning. He developed the Socratic method, a way of asking and answering questions to examine ideas deeply. Instead of telling people what to think, Socrates asked them a series of questions to help them discover the truth themselves. You will use this method a lot in your philosophy lessons — asking ‘What do you mean?’, ‘Could you give an example?’ or ‘What if…?’ to dig beneath the surface of opinions.
古希腊哲学家苏格拉底相信，智慧来自提问。他发展了苏格拉底式提问法，一种通过提问和回答来深入检验想法的方式。苏格拉底不告诉人们思考什么，而是问他们一系列问题，帮助他们自己发现真理。你将在哲学课上大量使用这种方法——问“你是什么意思？”、“你能举个例子吗？”或“如果……会怎样？”来深入挖掘意见的表面之下。
To practise this summer, pick a simple statement such as ‘Happiness is the most important thing.’ Now, with a family member or friend, start asking gentle questions: ‘What is happiness?’, ‘Is happiness the same for everyone?’, ‘Can something else be just as important?’ Notice how the discussion deepens. The Socratic method teaches respect and careful listening — two vital skills for Year 7.
这个暑假，选择一句简单的话，比如“幸福是最重要的”，来进行练习。现在，与一位家人或朋友一起，开始提出温和的问题：“什么是幸福？”、“幸福对每个人来说都一样吗？”、“有没有其他东西同样重要？”。注意讨论是如何加深的。苏格拉底式提问法教导尊重和认真倾听——这是七年级的两项关键技能。
5. Branches of Philosophy | 哲学的分支
Philosophy is a broad subject with several main branches, and Year 7 gives you a taste of each. Epistemology studies knowledge: How do we know what we know? Ethics examines morality: What is the right way to live? Metaphysics explores reality: What exists? Logic looks at reasoning: What makes a good argument? You will also touch upon aesthetics (beauty and art) and political philosophy (justice and society). Understanding these branches will help you see how ideas connect.
哲学是一个广泛的学科，有几个主要分支，七年级将让你品尝每个分支的滋味。认识论研究知识：我们如何知道我们所知道的？伦理学审视道德：什么是正确的生活方式？形而上学探索实在：什么东西存在？逻辑学审视推理：什么构成了好的论证？你还会接触到美学（美与艺术）和政治哲学（正义与社会）。理解这些分支将帮助你看到思想是如何联系的。
Here is a simple table to remember the main branches and the kinds of questions they ask:
这里有一个简单的表格，帮助你记住主要分支及其提出的问题类型：
| Branch 分支 | Key Question 关键问题 |
| Epistemology 认识论 | Can we trust our senses? 我们能信任感官吗？ |
| Ethics 伦理学 | Is stealing always wrong? 偷窃总是错的吗？ |
| Metaphysics 形而上学 | What is time? 时间是什么？ |
| Logic 逻辑学 | Does this argument make sense? 这个论证有道理吗？ |
Spend some summer afternoons thinking about one question from each branch. You do not need to find final answers — just enjoy the process of wondering. When September arrives, you will already be familiar with the landscape of philosophy.
花几个夏日下午，思考每个分支的一个问题。你不需要找到最终答案——只需享受思考的过程。当九月到来时，你将已经熟悉哲学的地貌了。
6. Ethics: Right and Wrong | 伦理学：对与错
Ethics is one of the most exciting parts of Year 7 philosophy. You will explore questions like: How should we treat other people? Is it ever okay to lie? What makes an action good? Instead of just being told rules, you will examine real-life dilemmas and famous ethical theories. One classic approach is utilitarianism, which says we should act to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Another is deontology, which focuses on duties and rules regardless of the outcome.
伦理学是七年级哲学中最激动人心的部分之一。你将探索诸如：我们应该如何对待他人？撒谎可以接受吗？是什么让一个行为成为善的？你不仅仅是被告诉规则，你还会研究现实生活中的两难情境和著名的伦理理论。一种经典的方法是功利主义，它认为我们应该为最大多数人带来最大幸福而行动。另一种是道义论，它关注责任和规则，无论结果如何。
A brilliant summer activity is the ‘trolley problem’ thought experiment: Imagine a runaway trolley is heading towards five people. You can pull a lever to switch the track, but one person is on the other track. Would you pull the lever? Discuss your reasoning with someone. There is no right answer, but your reasons reveal your ethical thinking. Activities like this prepare you for the respectful debates you will have in class.
一个极好的暑期活动是“电车难题”思想实验：想象一辆失控的电车正冲向五个人。你可以拉动控制杆转换轨道，但另一条轨道上有一个人。你会拉动控制杆吗？与某人讨论你的推理。没有正确答案，但你的理由揭示了你的伦理思维。像这样的活动为你将来在课堂上进行相互尊重的辩论做好准备。
7. Thought Experiments | 思想实验
Philosophers love thought experiments — imaginary scenarios that test concepts and reveal surprising insights. For example, the ‘Ship of Theseus’ asks: if every part of a ship is replaced over time, is it still the same ship? This makes you think about identity and change. Another famous one is ‘Plato’s Cave’, which explores whether we see reality or only shadows. In Year 7, you will use thought experiments frequently because they help you think about difficult ideas in a vivid, creative way.
哲学家喜爱思想实验——这些虚构的场景能够检验概念并揭示惊人的洞见。例如，“忒修斯之船”问道：如果一艘船的每一个部分都被逐渐更换，它还是同一艘船吗？这让你思考同一性与变化。另一个著名的思想实验是“柏拉图的洞穴”，它探讨我们是看见了现实还是只看见了影子。在七年级，你将频繁使用思想实验，因为它们帮助你以生动、创造性的方式思考困难的想法。
Try creating your own thought experiment this summer. Imagine a world where no one could ever tell a lie. What would that world be like? Would it be better or worse? Write a short story or draw a comic strip showing the effects. This will develop your philosophical imagination and your ability to think beyond the obvious — both key skills for your upcoming course.
这个夏天，尝试创造你自己的思想实验。想象一个没有人能够说谎的世界。那个世界会是什么样子？它会更好还是更糟糕？写一个小故事或画一篇连环画来展示其影响。这将培养你的哲学想象力和超越表面思考的能力——这两者都是你即将开始的课程的关键技能。
8. Philosophy and You: Self-Reflection | 哲学与你：自我反思
Philosophy is not only about big cosmic questions; it is also about you. In Year 7, you will be encouraged to reflect on your own identity, beliefs and values. Who are you? What makes you, you? Are you the same person you were when you were six? These questions may seem personal, but they connect to deep philosophical ideas about the self and consciousness. Journaling is a powerful tool philosophers use to track their thoughts and growth.
哲学不仅关乎宏大的宇宙问题；它也关乎你。在七年级，你将被鼓励反思自己的身份、信仰和价值观。你是谁？是什么让你成为你？你和你六岁时是同一个人吗？这些问题可能看起来很个人化，但它们与关于自我和意识的深层哲学思想相联系。写日志是哲学家用来追踪自己思考和成长的一种强大工具。
Start a philosophy journal this summer. Each entry can include a big question you have been thinking about, a thought experiment you invented, or your reaction to a moral dilemma. There is no need to write perfectly — just let your ideas flow. This journal will become a record of your intellectual journey, and you may be amazed at how your thinking evolves even before your first Year 7 lesson.
这个夏天开始写一本哲学日志。每一条记录可以包括你一直在思考的一个大问题、你发明的一个思想实验，或者你对某个道德两难的反应。不需要写得完美——只需让你的想法流淌。这本日志将成为你智力旅程的记录，你可能会惊讶于你的思维甚至在第一节七年级课之前就发生了演变。
9. Tips for Year 7 Philosophy Success | 七年级哲学成功秘诀
Starting a new subject can feel exciting but also a little daunting. Here are some practical tips to help you thrive in Year 7 CCEA Philosophy. First, always be open to saying ‘I don’t know’ — that is where learning begins. Second, listen carefully to your classmates; in philosophy, every view deserves respect. Third, practise putting your thoughts into words, both spoken and written. Fourth, read widely — stories, myths and news articles often contain philosophical puzzles. Finally, stay curious and enjoy the intellectual adventure.
开始一门新课程可能会令人兴奋，但也可能有点令人生畏。这里有一些实用建议，帮助你在 Year 7 CCEA 哲学中茁壮成长。首先，始终对说“我不知道”持开放态度——那是学习的起点。第二，认真倾听你的同学；在哲学中，每个观点都值得尊重。第三，练习用口头和书面方式表达你的想法。第四，广泛阅读——故事、神话和新闻文章中常常包含哲学谜题。最后，保持好奇心并享受这场智力冒险。
Your teacher will expect you to participate actively in discussions and to support your opinions with reasons, not just feelings. You will also be asked to consider counterarguments — reasons someone might disagree with you. This skill of seeing an issue from multiple sides is one of the most valuable gifts philosophy can give you. Be brave, be kind, and remember that philosophy is a shared journey of discovery.
你的老师会期望你积极参与讨论，并用理由而不仅仅是情感来支持你的观点。你还会被要求考虑反论——有人可能不同意你的理由。从多个角度看待问题的能力是哲学能够给你的最宝贵的礼物之一。勇敢，善良，并记住哲学是一次共同的发现之旅。
10. Key Vocabulary for a Strong Start | 顺利起步的关键词汇
Learning the language of philosophy will give you a head start. Here are some essential terms you will hear often. Getting comfortable with them now will make classroom discussions easier and more enjoyable. Try using one in a sentence each day, or create flashcards with definitions and examples.
学习哲学的语言将让你领先一步。以下是一些你会经常听到的基本术语。现在就熟悉它们将使课堂讨论更轻松、更愉快。试着每天在句子里使用一个，或者制作带有定义和例子的抽认卡。
| Term 术语 | Simple Definition 简单定义 |
| Argument 论证 | A set of reasons given to support a conclusion 为支持结论而给出的一组理由 |
| Premise 前提 | A reason or piece of evidence in an argument 论证中的理由或证据 |
| Conclusion 结论 | The statement the argument is trying to prove 论证试图证明的陈述 |
| Dilemma 两难 | A situation requiring a difficult choice 需要做出艰难选择的情况 |
| Thought experiment 思想实验 | An imagined scenario used to explore ideas 用来探索想法的虚构场景 |
| Ethics 伦理学 | The study of moral right and wrong 研究道德上对与错的学科 |
By the time you walk into your first philosophy class, you will already recognise these words and understand their power. Keep this list handy, and add new words as you discover them. Philosophy is a subject that grows with you, and the vocabulary is your toolkit for expressing deep ideas clearly.
当你走进第一节哲学课时，你已经能认出这些词并理解它们的力量。把这张表放在手边，并在发现新词时添加进去。哲学是一门与你一起成长的学科，而这个词汇表是你清晰表达深刻思想的工具包。
11. A Sample Summer Philosophy Challenge | 暑期哲学挑战范例
To bring everything together, here is a mini-challenge you can try over one week. Day 1: Pick a big question and write it down. Day 2: Think of two different answers and list reasons for each. Day 3: Draw a picture or diagram showing these ideas. Day 4: Discuss your question with a family member, asking Socratic questions. Day 5: Write a short reflection on what you learned. Day 6: Change your mind! Consider if the opposite view might have some truth. Day 7: Celebrate by sharing your philosophy journey with someone new. This challenge mirrors the kind of tasks you will do in Year 7 and makes philosophy a lived experience, not just a school subject.
为了将一切结合起来，这里有一个你可以在一周内尝试的迷你挑战。第一天：选择一个大问题并写下来。第二天：想出两个不同的答案，并为每个答案列出理由。第三天：画一幅图或图示展示这些想法。第四天：与一位家人讨论你的问题，提出苏格拉底式问题。第五天：写一段简短的反思，谈谈你学到了什么。第六天：改变你的想法！考虑一下相反的观点是否可能有道理。第七天：庆祝一下，将你的哲学之旅与一个新人分享。这个挑战反映了你在七年级将要做的事情类型，并使哲学成为一种生活体验，而不仅仅是一门学校课程。
Remember, there is no pass or fail in this challenge. It is all about the process of thinking. If you feel stuck, that is normal — philosophers throughout history have felt the same. The important thing is to keep asking, keep wondering and keep enjoying the journey. By the end of the summer, you will have built the confidence and skills to embrace Year 7 CCEA Philosophy with excitement and an open mind.
记住，这个挑战没有通过或不通过。它完全是关于思考的过程。如果你感到卡住了，那很正常——历史上的哲学家们也有同样的感觉。重要的是继续提问，继续好奇，继续享受这趟旅程。到暑假结束时，你将建立信心和技能，以兴奋和开放的心态迎接 Year 7 CCEA 哲学。
12. Looking Ahead: Your First Term | 展望：你的第一个学期
When you start Year 7, your teacher will begin with concepts that build on everything we have explored here. You will probably start with an exploration of what philosophy is and move into simple ethics, such as fairness and friendship. You will learn to structure an argument, to listen actively and to contribute thoughtfully to group discussions. There will also be opportunities for creative projects, perhaps designing your own utopia or debating famous cases. The preparation you do now will make all of that feel familiar and manageable.
当你开始七年级时，你的老师将从建立在我们这里所探索的一切之上的概念开始。你可能会从探索哲学是什么开始，然后进入简单的伦理学，比如公平和友谊。你将学习构建论证、积极倾听，并有思想地为小组讨论做出贡献。还会有创作项目的机会，也许是设计你自己的乌托邦或辩论著名案例。你现在所做的准备将使所有这些都变得熟悉和可控。
Most importantly, keep in mind that philosophy is a subject where the journey matters more than the destination. Your questions are always welcome, and your growth as a thinker is the real goal. Use the rest of your summer to wonder, to write, to talk and to read — and get ready for an unforgettable year of discovering philosophy!
最重要的是，请记住哲学是一门旅程比目的地更重要的学科。你的问题总是受欢迎的，你作为思考者的成长才是真正的目标。利用剩余的暑假去好奇、去写、去交谈和去阅读——准备好迎接一个难忘的哲学发现之年！
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