Year 7 Edexcel Statistics: Memorising Statistical Vocabulary – A Quick Guide | Year 7 Edexcel 统计：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 Edexcel Statistics: Memorising Statistical Vocabulary – A Quick Guide | Year 7 Edexcel 统计：词汇术语速记指南

Mastering statistics starts with understanding key terms. This guide provides simple definitions, worked examples, and memory tricks to help you feel confident with the Edexcel Year 7 statistics curriculum.

掌握统计学首先要理解关键术语。本指南为你提供简单明了的定义、例题和记忆技巧，帮助你在爱德思 Year 7 统计课程中建立信心。

1. Data Types: Qualitative and Quantitative | 数据类型：定性数据与定量数据

All data can be sorted into two broad families: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data describes a quality or category, such as eye colour, favourite sport, or type of transport. These are usually words, not numbers you can do arithmetic with.

所有数据都可以归为两大类：定性数据和定量数据。定性数据描述的是某种品质或类别，比如眼睛颜色、最喜欢的运动、出行方式等。这些通常是词语，不能直接进行算术运算。

Quantitative data represents a quantity – it is numerical. Height in centimetres, number of siblings, and test scores are all quantitative. You can add, subtract, and find averages with these numbers.

定量数据表示的是数量——它是数字形式的。以厘米为单位的身高、兄弟姐妹的数量、考试分数都属于定量数据。你可以对这些数字进行加、减和求平均值。

Memory trick: link ‘qualitative’ with ‘quality’ (descriptive words) and ‘quantitative’ with ‘quantity’ (numbers). Think ‘qualities are described, quantities are counted’.

记忆技巧：把 “qualitative” 与 “quality”（描述性词语）联系起来，把 “quantitative” 与 “quantity”（数字）联系起来。记住“品质用来描述，数量用来计数”。

2. Discrete and Continuous Data | 离散数据与连续数据

Quantitative data splits further into two types: discrete data and continuous data. Discrete data can only take certain, separate values – usually whole numbers. You get discrete data by counting. For example, the number of students in a classroom must be a whole number; you cannot have 23.5 students.

定量数据又进一步分为两种类型：离散数据和连续数据。离散数据只能取特定的、分开的值——通常是整数。离散数据是通过计数得到的。例如，教室里学生的人数必须是整数，不可能出现 23.5 个学生。

Continuous data can take any value within a range. These values are measured, not counted. Height (e.g. 142.7 cm), time taken to complete a race (e.g. 13.48 seconds), and temperature are continuous. There is no gap between possible values.

连续数据可以取某个范围内的任意值。这些数值是通过测量而非计数得到的。身高（如 142.7 cm）、完成比赛的时间（如 13.48 秒）以及温度都是连续数据。可能取值之间没有空隙。

Quick clue: ‘Discrete’ contains the letter ‘t’, just like ‘integer’ – discrete data often produces integers. ‘Continuous’ sounds like ‘continue’ – the data flow smoothly without a break.

快速线索：“Discrete” 中含有字母 “t”，跟 “integer”（整数）一样——离散数据往往产生整数。“Continuous” 听起来像 “continue”（继续）——这种数据平稳流动，没有间断。

3. Averages: Mean, Median and Mode | 平均数：平均数、中位数与众数

An average is a value that represents the central point of a data set. The three most common averages are the mean, the median and the mode. Each is useful in different situations.

平均数是代表数据集中心位置的一个数值。最常用的三种平均数是平均数（均值）、中位数和众数。它们在不同的情形下各有用途。

The mean is found by adding up all the values and then dividing by the number of values. For the data 2, 4, 6, 8: sum = 20, number of values = 4, so mean = 20 ÷ 4 = 5. This average is what most people call the ‘average’ in everyday life.

平均数是将所有数值相加，然后除以数值的个数得到的。对于数据 2, 4, 6, 8：总和 = 20，数值个数 = 4，所以平均数 = 20 ÷ 4 = 5。这种平均数就是日常生活中大多数人所称呼的“平均数”。

The median is the middle number when all

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