Year 7 WJEC Business: Interdisciplinary Question Training | Year 7 WJEC 商务：跨学科综合题型训练

📚 Year 7 WJEC Business: Interdisciplinary Question Training | Year 7 WJEC 商务：跨学科综合题型训练

The WJEC Year 7 Business Studies course invites you to explore how businesses work in the real world. To really understand business, you need to bring together skills from Maths, English, Geography, History, ICT and other subjects. This article is designed as an interdisciplinary training resource, giving you integrated questions and step-by-step guidance. By practising these cross-curricular tasks, you will learn to think like a business owner and a problem solver.

WJEC Year 7 商务课程邀你探索现实世界中企业如何运作。要真正理解商务，你需要把数学、英语、地理、历史、信息通信技术等学科技能结合起来。本文作为跨学科训练资源，为你提供综合题型和分步指导。通过练习这些跨学科任务，你将学会像企业主和问题解决者一样思考。

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1. Maths in Business: Calculating Costs, Revenue and Profit | 商业中的数学：计算成本、收入和利润

Every business must keep track of money. The three most important figures are cost, revenue and profit. Cost is the money a business pays to make its products or provide its services. Revenue is the income from selling those products or services. Profit is the amount left after all costs are subtracted from revenue.

每个企业都必须记录金钱。最重要的三个数字是成本、收入和利润。成本是企业在制造产品或提供服务时支付的费用。收入是销售这些产品或服务带来的收益。利润是从收入中扣除所有成本后剩下的金额。

Profit = Total Revenue − Total Cost

利润 = 总收入 − 总成本

Imagine you run a lemonade stand. You spend £5 on lemons and sugar (cost). You sell 20 cups at £0.80 each. Your total revenue is 20 × £0.80 = £16.00. Your profit is £16.00 − £5.00 = £11.00.

想象你经营一个柠檬水小摊。你花了5英镑买柠檬和糖（成本）。你以每杯0.80英镑的价格卖出20杯。你的总收入是20 × 0.80英镑 = 16.00英镑。你的利润是16.00英镑 − 5.00英镑 = 11.00英镑。

Interdisciplinary question: A local bakery makes brownies. The ingredients for one brownie cost £0.65. The baker also pays £30 each week for electricity (a fixed cost). They sell each brownie for £1.50. Last week they sold 200 brownies. Calculate: a) total variable cost of ingredients, b) total revenue, c) total costs, d) profit for that week.

跨学科问题：一家本地烘焙店制作布朗尼。每个布朗尼的原料成本为0.65英镑。烘焙师每周还要支付30英镑电费（固定成本）。每个布朗尼的售价为1.50英镑。上周他们卖出了200个布朗尼。请计算：a) 原料总可变成本，b) 总收入，c) 总成本，d) 该周的利润。

Step-by-step in English: a) Variable cost = 200 × £0.65 = £130.00. b) Total revenue = 200 × £1.50 = £300.00. c) Total costs = variable cost + fixed cost = £130.00 + £30.00 = £160.00. d) Profit = £300.00 − £160.00 = £140.00.

中文分步解答：a) 可变成本 = 200 × 0.65 英镑 = 130.00 英镑。b) 总收入 = 200 × 1.50 英镑 = 300.00 英镑。c) 总成本 = 可变成本 + 固定成本 = 130.00 英镑 + 30.00 英镑 = 160.00 英镑。d) 利润 = 300.00 英镑 − 160.00 英镑 = 140.00 英镑。

Using maths skills in business helps you make smart decisions. Always check your units and show your working.

在商业中运用数学技能能帮助你做出明智的决定。记得检查单位并展示计算过程。

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2. English Skills: Writing a Persuasive Business Letter | 英语技能：撰写有说服力的商务信函

Businesses use written communication to persuade customers, investors or partners. In your WJEC exam you might need to write a formal letter. Bringing in your English language skills is essential. A persuasive business letter should have a clear structure: sender’s address, date, recipient’s address, salutation, introduction, main body with persuasive points, conclusion and a polite closing.

企业利用书面沟通来说服顾客、投资者或合作伙伴。在 WJEC 考试中，你可能需要写一封正式信函。运用你的英语语言技能至关重要。一封有说服力的商务信函应当有清晰的结构：寄件人地址、日期、收件人地址、称呼、引言、含有说服要点的主体、结论以及礼貌的结尾。

Key persuasive techniques include: using rhetorical questions (‘Wouldn’t you want to save money?’), listing benefits, using emotive language (‘amazing opportunity’), and giving factual evidence.

关键的说服技巧包括：使用反问句（’难道你不想省钱吗？’）、列出好处、使用富有感情的词语（’绝佳机会’）以及提供事实证据。

Cross-curricular training task: You have invented a new eco-friendly water bottle made from recycled materials. Write a short persuasive letter to a shop owner encouraging them to stock your product. Use at least two persuasive techniques and proper letter layout.

跨学科训练任务：你发明了一种由回收材料制成的新型环保水瓶。写一封简短的有说服力的信给一位店主，鼓励他进货你的产品。请使用至少两种说服技巧和正确的信函格式。

Model opening: ‘Dear Mr Patel, Imagine offering your customers a water bottle that not only keeps drinks cold for 12 hours but also helps save the planet. Our new EcoSip bottle is made from 100% recycled ocean plastic and has been praised by local schools…’

示范开头：’亲爱的帕特尔先生，想象一下，为您的顾客提供一个不仅能保温12小时、还能帮助拯救地球的水瓶。我们的新款 EcoSip 水瓶由100%回收的海洋塑料制成，并已获得本地学校的好评……’

Practice by writing your own version and checking it for spelling, punctuation and persuasive power.

请练习写你自己的版本，并检查拼写、标点和说服力。

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3. Geography: Choosing the Best Location for a New Shop | 地理：为新商店选择最佳位置

Where a business chooses to locate can make the difference between success and failure. Geography helps us understand location factors such as footfall (the number of people passing by), accessibility by public transport, proximity to competitors and the local population’s needs.

企业选址的成功与否至关重要。地理学帮助我们理解选址因素，例如客流量（经过的人数）、公共交通便利性、与竞争对手的距离以及当地人口的需求。

Imagine you are opening a sports shoe shop. You have three possible locations: Site A is inside a busy shopping centre with high rent but thousands of daily visitors. Site B is on a quiet street near a park, with low rent but very few passers-by. Site C is near a large secondary school and a bus stop, with medium rent and a growing local population.

设想你要开一家运动鞋店。你有三个可能的选址：地点A位于一个热闹的购物中心内，租金高但每天有数千名访客。地点B在公园附近的一条安静街道上，租金低但路人极少。地点C靠近一所大型中学和一个公交车站，租金中等，本地人口在增长。

Question: Using geographical and business reasoning, explain which site you would choose and why. Consider advantages and disadvantages of each.

问题：运用地理和商业推理，解释你会选择哪个地点并说明原因。考虑每个地点的优点和缺点。

Sample answer in English: I would choose Site C. Although footfall might be lower than at the shopping centre, the nearby school and bus stop provide a steady flow of potential young customers. The medium rent keeps costs manageable, and the area is growing, which means future demand may increase. Site A is too expensive for a new shop, and Site B will not generate enough sales.

中文范例答案：我会选择地点C。虽然客流量可能低于购物中心，但附近的学校和公交车站提供了稳定的年轻顾客群体。中等租金使成本可控，而且这个区域正在发展，意味着未来需求可能增加。地点A对新店来说太昂贵，而地点B则无法产生足够的销售额。

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4. History: How the Industrial Revolution Changed Business | 历史：工业革命如何改变商业

History provides context for how modern businesses operate. The Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 18th century, transformed the way goods were produced. Before this, most items were made by hand in small workshops or homes. After the Industrial Revolution, factories with machines could mass-produce goods faster and cheaper.

历史提供了现代企业运作的背景。18世纪末始于英国的工业革命改变了商品的生产方式。在此之前，大多数物品是在小作坊或家庭中手工制作的。工业革命后，拥有机器的工厂可以更快、更廉价地大规模生产商品。

Key inventions like the steam engine and the spinning jenny boosted production. Businesses grew larger, and new ways of managing workers and raising money (joint-stock companies) appeared. This historical shift links to today’s topics of economies of scale and mechanisation.

蒸汽机和珍妮纺纱机等重要发明促进了生产。企业规模扩大，并出现了管理员工和筹集资金的新方式（股份公司）。这一历史变革与今天的规模经济、机械化等主题相关联。

Integrated question: Choose one invention from the Industrial Revolution and explain how it would still impact a business today. Then compare working conditions in a 19th-century factory with a modern ethical business.

综合问题：选择工业革命中的一项发明，解释它如何至今仍影响着企业。然后比较19世纪工厂的工作条件与一家现代道德企业的工作条件。

Model answer: The steam engine allowed factories to be built away from rivers, giving businesses more freedom to locate near cities and workers. Today, we rely on engines and power sources for transport and production. While 19th-century factories often had long hours, child labour and unsafe environments, a modern ethical business follows safety laws, pays fair wages and supports workers’ wellbeing. This historical comparison shows how business ethics have evolved.

范例答案：蒸汽机使工厂可以建在远离河流的地方，让企业有更大自由度选址在城市和工人附近。今天，我们依赖引擎和动力源来进行运输和生产。19世纪的工厂往往工作时间长、使用童工且环境不安全，而现代道德企业则遵守安全法规、支付公平工资并支持员工福祉。这种历史比较展示出商业伦理的演变。

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5. ICT Skills: Using Spreadsheets to Track Business Finances | 信息与通信技术：使用电子表格追踪企业财务

Spreadsheet software like Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets is a powerful tool for business. You can use it to record sales, calculate totals and create charts. Learning basic formulas such as =SUM() and =AVERAGE() is an important cross-curricular skill that links ICT with business.

电子表格软件如微软 Excel 或谷歌表格是商业的强大工具。你可以用它来记录销售、计算总额和创建图表。学习 =SUM() 和 =AVERAGE() 等基本公式是连接 ICT 与商务的重要跨学科技能。

Imagine you sell handmade candles. You want to track your weekly sales over four weeks: Week 1: £120, Week 2: £150, Week 3: £135, Week 4: £165. In a spreadsheet, you would enter these values in cells A1 to A4. Then you could use the formula =SUM(A1:A4) to find the total sales of £570. The formula =AVERAGE(A1:A4) gives you £142.50, the mean weekly sales.

设想你销售手工蜡烛。你想追踪四周的销售情况：第1周：120英镑，第2周：150英镑，第3周：135英镑，第4周：165英镑。在电子表格中，你将在单元格 A1 到 A4 中输入这些数值。然后你可以使用公式 =SUM(A1:A4) 得出总销售额570英镑。公式 =AVERAGE(A1:A4) 则得出平均周销售额142.50英镑。

Training task: A small café records its daily customer numbers from Monday to Friday: 85, 92, 78, 110, 95. Design a spreadsheet layout on paper. Write down the cells and formulas you would use to find the total and average number of customers for the week. Explain why ICT skills save time and reduce errors in business.

训练任务：一家小咖啡馆记录了周一到周五的每日顾客数量：85, 92, 78, 110, 95。在纸上设计电子表格布局。写下你将用来计算本周顾客总数和平均数的单元格位置及公式。解释为什么 ICT 技能能为企业节省时间并减少错误。

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6. Design & Technology: Product Design and Packaging | 设计与技术：产品设计与包装

In business, the way a product looks and feels can attract customers. Design & Technology skills help you consider materials, function, aesthetics and cost-effectiveness. Packaging must protect the product, provide information and stand out on the shelf. By combining D&T with business, you can create a product that is both desirable and profitable.

在商业中，产品的外观和质感能吸引顾客。设计与技术技能帮助你考虑材料、功能、美学和成本效益。包装必须保护产品、提供信息并在货架上脱颖而出。将设计与技术和商业结合，你能创造出既受欢迎又有利润的产品。

Interdisciplinary project: You are developing a new range of fruit smoothies for teenagers. Think about: the shape and material of the bottle (lightweight, recyclable), the label design (bright colours, easy-to-read font), and the marketing message. Explain how each design choice affects both cost and customer appeal.

跨学科项目：你正在为青少年开发一系列新款水果冰沙。考虑：瓶子的形状和材质（轻便、可回收）、标签设计（鲜艳的色彩、易读的字体）以及营销信息。解释每项设计选择如何既影响成本又影响顾客吸引力。

Sample thought process in English: By using a recycled plastic bottle, we show environmental responsibility, which appeals to young customers. However, recycled material might cost a bit more. A simple, bold label reduces printing costs and makes the product easy to spot. The tagline ‘Fuel Your Day’ uses persuasive English to connect with active teens.

中文范例思路：通过使用回收塑料瓶，我们展示了环保责任，这吸引年轻顾客。但回收材料可能成本略高。简洁醒目的标签降低印刷成本，并使产品容易被发现。口号’为你的每一天加油’运用有说服力的英语文案，与活跃的青少年产生共鸣。

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7. Environmental Science: Sustainable Business Practices | 环境科学：可持续商业实践

Today’s businesses must think about their impact on the planet. Environmental Science helps us understand concepts like carbon footprint, renewable resources and waste management. A sustainable business tries to meet its needs without harming future generations. Integrating green thinking into business decisions is a key cross-curricular skill.

当今企业必须考虑它们对地球的影响。环境科学帮助我们理解碳足迹、可再生资源和废物管理等概念。可持续企业试图在满足自身需求的同时不损害子孙后代的利益。将绿色思维融入商业决策是一项关键的跨学科技能。

Question: A clothing company can choose between using standard cotton or organic cotton. Standard cotton uses more water and pesticides but is cheaper. Organic cotton is better for the environment but costs 20% more. Discuss the business and environmental trade-offs. Would you advise the company to switch to organic? Justify your answer with both business and scientific reasons.

问题：一家服装公司可以选择使用普通棉花或有机棉花。普通棉花耗水量更大、杀虫剂更多，但价格更便宜。有机棉对环境更好，但成本高出20%。讨论商业与环境的权衡。你会建议公司改用有机棉吗？用商业和科学理由证明你的答案。

English model: Switching to organic cotton may raise costs, which could reduce profit if selling prices stay the same. However, the company could promote itself as eco-friendly and attract customers willing to pay a premium. Scientifically, organic farming helps protect ecosystems and reduces water pollution. I would advise a slow transition, starting with a limited ‘green’ clothing line, to test customer response while managing cost.

中文范例：改用有机棉可能会提高成本，如果售价不变则会降低利润。然而，公司可以宣传自身的环保形象，吸引愿意支付溢价的顾客。从科学角度看，有机农业有助于保护生态系统并减少水污染。我会建议逐步过渡，先推出有限的’绿色’服装系列，在控制成本的同时测试顾客反应。

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8. Ethics & Religious Studies: Fair Trade and Ethical Trading | 伦理与宗教研究：公平贸易与道德贸易

Business decisions often involve moral questions. Ethics, which you may discuss in Religious Studies or PSHE, helps you decide what is right and fair. Fair trade is a movement that ensures producers in developing countries receive a fair price, decent working conditions and support for their communities. Understanding fair trade connects moral values with business strategy.

商业决策常常涉及道德问题。你在宗教研究或个人社会健康教育中可能讨论过的伦理学，帮助你判断什么是正确和公平的。公平贸易是一项运动，确保发展中国家的生产者获得公平的价格、体面的工作条件和对社区的支持。理解公平贸易将道德价值观与商业战略联系起来。

Cross-curricular scenario: You are the managing director of a chocolate company. Your current cocoa supplier offers very low prices, but you have heard they might be using child labour. A fair-trade supplier charges 15% more but guarantees fair wages and no child labour. From a business and ethical perspective, what should you do? Consider profit, reputation and the effect on farmers.

跨学科情景：你是一家巧克力公司的总经理。你目前的可可供货商提供很低的价格，但你听说他们可能使用童工。一家公平贸易供货商价格高出15%，但保证公平工资且不使用童工。从商业和伦理的角度，你该怎么做？考虑利润、声誉和对农民的影响。

Possible answer: Ethically, switching to fair trade is the right action because it upholds human dignity and aligns with religious teachings about fairness. From a business viewpoint, it might increase costs temporarily, but it protects the company’s brand from scandal and can attract ethical consumers. A smart business could absorb some cost and slightly raise prices, explaining the reason to customers to maintain trust and loyalty.

可能答案：在伦理上，改用公平贸易是正确的做法，因为它维护人的尊严，并符合关于公平的宗教教义。从商业角度看，这可能会暂时增加成本，但可以保护公司品牌免受丑闻影响，并能吸引注重道德的消费者。一家精明的企业可以消化部分成本并略微提价，同时向顾客解释原因，以保持信任和忠诚。

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9. Integrated Case Study: Launching a School Tuck Shop | 综合案例研究：开办学校小吃店

This final section combines all the interdisciplinary skills you have practised. You are planning to set up a healthy tuck shop in your school that sells fruit pots, smoothies and granola bars. You will need to use Maths, English, Geography, ICT, Design, Environmental Science and Ethics.

这最后一节结合了你所练习的所有跨学科技能。你计划在学校里开办一家健康小吃店，出售水果杯、冰沙和燕麦棒。你需要运用数学、英语、地理、ICT、设计、环境科学和伦理学。

Task 1 – Maths: Your start-up costs are £60 for equipment and initial stock. Each fruit pot sells for £1.20 and costs £0.70 to make. How many fruit pots must you sell to break even? (Break-even point is when total revenue equals total costs). Hint: You also have a weekly stall fee of £5. Use the formula: Break-even units = Fixed costs ÷ (Selling price per unit − Variable cost per unit).

任务1 – 数学：你的启动成本为60英镑用于设备和首批存货。每个水果杯售价1.20英镑，制作成本0.70英镑。你需要卖出多少个水果杯才能达到盈亏平衡？（盈亏平衡点是总收入等于总成本时）。提示：你每周还需支付5英镑摊位费。使用公式：盈亏平衡销量 = 固定成本 ÷ （单位售价 − 单位可变成本）。

In English: Fixed costs here are the stall fee + a portion of equipment, but for simplicity, let’s treat weekly fixed costs as £5 and assume equipment is already paid. Then Break-even = £5 ÷ (£1.20 − £0.70) = £5 ÷ £0.50 = 10 fruit pots per week. If you want to recover the £60 equipment over 12 weeks, add £5 per week, making fixed costs £10, then break-even = 20 pots.

中文：这里的固定成本是摊位费加上一部分设备费，但为简化，假设每周固定成本为5英镑，设备已支付。那么盈亏平衡销量 = 5英镑 ÷ (1.20 − 0.70) 英镑 = 5 ÷ 0.50 = 每周10个水果杯。如果你想在12周内摊还60英镑设备费，则每周加5英镑，固定成本为10英镑，盈亏平衡销量为20个。

Task 2 – English and D&T: Create a name, slogan and simple label sketch for your tuck shop’s star product. Write a short advertisement for the school newsletter persuading students to choose your healthy snack. Use at least one rhetorical question and one list of benefits.

任务2 – 英语与设计技术：为你的小吃店主推产品起名、撰写口号并画出简单的标签草图。为学校通讯写一则短广告，说服学生选择你的健康零食。至少使用一次反问句并列出至少三项好处。

Task 3 – Geography and Ethics: You can choose two spots in school: near the sports hall or next to the library. Which location would you pick and why? Also, decide whether to use biodegradable packaging (costs a little more) or plastic. Explain your choices using geography and ethical reasoning.

任务3 – 地理与伦理：你可在学校两处中选择：体育馆附近或图书馆旁边。你会选择哪个地点，为什么？同时，决定使用可生物降解包装（成本略高）还是塑料包装。用地理和伦理推理说明你的选择。

Task 4 – ICT: Set up a simple spreadsheet to track daily sales over a week. Invent realistic numbers and use formulas to calculate daily total revenue, weekly total and average. Note which day performed best and suggest why.

任务4 – ICT：建立一个简单电子表格，跟踪一周的日销售额。编造真实的数据，并用公式计算每日总收入、周总额和平均值。指出哪一天业绩最好并推测原因。

Working through this integrated case study helps you see how every subject connects in real business life. Practise each task carefully, and you will build the confidence to tackle any cross-curricular question in your WJEC assessments.

完成这个综合案例研究，将帮助你看到各学科在真实商业生活中是如何连接的。认真练习每个任务，你将在 WJEC 评估中自信地应对任何跨学科问题。

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