Year 7 WJEC Engineering: Full Curriculum Breakdown | Year 7 WJEC 工程：课程大纲全面解析

📚 Year 7 WJEC Engineering: Full Curriculum Breakdown | Year 7 WJEC 工程：课程大纲全面解析

WJEC’s Year 7 Engineering programme introduces students to the exciting world of how things are designed, made, and improved. This first-year curriculum blends practical hands-on skills with scientific thinking, encouraging learners to explore materials, structures, electronics, and mechanical systems. The course is built around the ‘design-make-evaluate’ cycle and helps students understand how engineers solve real problems. Through project-based learning, young engineers develop sketching and CAD skills, build simple circuits, construct strong structures, and start using programmable devices. This article offers a comprehensive breakdown of each topic, providing parents, tutors, and students with a clear roadmap of what to expect.

WJEC 七年级工程课程引导学生进入一个令人兴奋的世界，探索物件是如何被设计、制造和改进的。第一年的课程将动手实践技能与科学思维相结合，鼓励学生探索材料、结构、电子和机械系统。整个课程围绕“设计—制作—评估”循环构建，帮助学生理解工程师如何解决实际问题。通过项目式学习，年轻工程师们将培养草图绘制与 CAD 技能、搭建简单电路、建造坚固结构并开始使用可编程设备。本文全面解析每一个课题，为学生、家长和辅导老师提供一份清晰的学习路线图。

1. Introduction to Engineering Design | 工程设计概论

Year 7 begins by demystifying what engineers actually do. Students discover that engineering is not just about fixing things — it is about creative problem-solving, using maths and science to improve the world around us. They explore different branches (civil, mechanical, electrical, software) and understand that design is the heart of all engineering work.

七年级首先揭开工程师工作的神秘面纱。学生将认识到工程不仅仅是修理物件——它更是一种创造性地解决问题的方式，运用数学和科学来改善我们周围的世界。他们探索不同的工程分支（土木、机械、电气、软件），并理解设计是所有工程工作的核心。

The iterative design process (Analyse, Brainstorm, Prototype, Test, Improve) is introduced through simple challenges like designing a better pencil holder. Students learn that failure is a valuable step, not an endpoint. They keep design journals to record ideas, sketches, and reflections — a habit that runs through the entire year.

通过设计更好的笔筒等简单挑战，学生接触到迭代设计过程（分析、头脑风暴、原型制作、测试、改进）。他们了解到失败是有价值的一步，而非终点。学生养成记录想法、草图和反思的设计日志习惯，这一习惯将贯穿全年。

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2. Health and Safety in the Workshop | 工作坊健康与安全

Before any practical work begins, a thorough understanding of workshop safety is essential. Pupils learn the location and use of emergency stop buttons, fire extinguishers, and first-aid kits. They are trained to identify hazard symbols and understand the importance of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as goggles, aprons, and gloves.

在开始任何实际操作之前，透彻理解工作坊安全不可或缺。学生需要了解紧急停止按钮、灭火器和急救箱的位置与使用方法。他们接受识别危险符号的训练，并明白护目镜、围裙和手套等个人防护装备（PPE）的重要性。

Correct behaviour — no running, tying back long hair, tucking in loose clothing — is drilled. Students sign a safety contract and must pass a short safety quiz before they are allowed to handle tools. This module also introduces the correct way to carry tools like saws or hot glue guns and how to report accidents or near misses.

正确的行为——不奔跑、扎起长发、塞好宽松衣物——被反复强调。学生需签署安全协议，并通过简短的安全测验方可使用工具。这一模块还介绍如何正确携带锯子或热熔胶枪等工具，以及如何报告事故或惊险事件。

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3. Materials and Their Properties | 材料及其特性

Engineers must choose the right material for the job. This unit introduces common workshop materials: woods (pine, MDF), metals (aluminium, mild steel), plastics (acrylic, HDPE), and composites. Students handle samples, noting weight, texture, hardness, and flexibility. They learn key terms like ductility, malleability, and brittleness through simple tests.

工程师必须为工作选择正确的材料。本单元介绍常见的工作坊材料：木材（松木、中密度纤维板）、金属（铝、低碳钢）、塑料（亚克力、高密度聚乙烯）和复合材料。学生通过观察样品，记录重量、纹理、硬度和柔韧性。他们通过简单测试学习延展性、可锻性和脆性等关键术语。

Practical investigations include a ‘sink or float’ density test, a scratch test for hardness, and observing how different materials react to filing or sanding. Sustainability is introduced early: pupils compare the environmental impact of virgin materials versus recycled options, discussing the 6Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Repair, Refuse, Rethink).

实际调查包括“沉浮”密度测试、刮擦硬度测试以及观察不同材料对锉磨的反应。可持续性概念很早就引入：学生比较原生材料与再生材料的环境影响，并讨论 6R 原则（减量、重用、回收、修复、拒绝、再思考）。

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4. Basic Hand Tools and Safe Use | 基本手工具与安全使用

Being able to accurately mark out, cut, and shape material is fundamental. Students learn to measure with steel rules and try-squares, mark with scriber pens and marking gauges, and cut using junior hacksaws and coping saws. Correct posture and clamping in a vice are demonstrated and practised.

能够准确划线、切割和塑形材料是基础。学生学习使用钢尺和直角尺测量，用划线笔和划线规标记，以及使用手弓锯和曲线锯进行切割。教师演示并让学生练习正确的姿势和台钳夹持方法。

Shaping tools include files (flat, half-round) and abrasive papers. Pupils discover the difference between cross-filing and draw-filing, and how to achieve a smooth, accurate edge. They also practise drilling pilot holes using a hand drill or pillar drill, always under close supervision. By the end, students complete a small skills project — like a simple phone stand — that requires measuring, sawing, filing, and drilling.

塑形工具包括锉刀（平锉、半圆锉）和砂纸。学生了解横锉与直锉的区别，以及如何获得光滑、精确的边缘。他们还在密切监督下练习使用手钻或台钻钻定位孔。本单元结束时，学生完成一个小型技能项目——如简单的手机支架——需要用到测量、锯切、锉削和钻孔。

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5. Introduction to Technical Drawing | 技术绘图入门

Clear communication of ideas is vital in engineering. This module covers basic sketching techniques: isometric drawing (3D representation on a grid) and orthographic projection (plan, front, and side views). Students learn to draw crisp outlines with a sharp pencil, using a ruler and set square for precision.

清晰传达想法在工程中至关重要。本模块涵盖基本素描技巧：等轴测图（在网格上进行三维表现）和正投影图（平面图、正视图和侧视图）。学生学习使用削尖的铅笔画出清晰的轮廓线，借助直尺和三角尺保证精确度。

Dimensioning rules are introduced: extension lines, dimension lines, arrowheads, and measurement units in millimetres. Pupils begin by drawing simple wooden blocks from a given model, then progress to designing their own small product and representing it in both isometric and orthographic forms. Annotating drawings with material notes and brief construction steps is also encouraged.

标注规则被引入：尺寸延伸线、尺寸线、箭头，以及以毫米为单位的测量值。学生从绘制给定模型的简单木块开始，然后逐步设计自己的小产品，并用等轴测图和正投影图两种形式表现。鼓励在图纸上注释材料信息和简要制作步骤。

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6. Structures: Forces, Loads and Stability | 结构：力、载荷与稳定性

Why don’t bridges fall down? This exciting topic investigates tension, compression, torsion, and shear forces. Using everyday examples like bicycle frames and cardboard tubes, students observe how different cross-sections (cylinder, triangle, I-beam) resist bending and buckling.

桥梁为什么不会倒塌？这个激动人心的课题探讨拉力、压力、扭转力和剪切力。通过自行车车架和纸管等日常例子，学生观察不同的截面形状（圆柱形、三角形、工字梁）如何抵抗弯曲和失稳。

A highlight is the spaghetti bridge challenge: teams construct bridging structures using only dried spaghetti and hot glue, aiming to span a gap and hold a toy car. They apply triangular truss principles and test their designs to failure, recording the maximal load before catastrophic collapse. Mathematical links to weight, mass, and centre of gravity are made throughout.

一大亮点是意大利面条桥挑战赛：各小组仅使用干面条和热熔胶搭建跨越间隙的桥梁结构，目标是承载一辆玩具车。他们运用三角形桁架原理，并将设计测试至破坏，记录灾难性倒塌前的最大载荷。整个过程与重量、质量和重心的数学概念相连接。

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7. Simple Electronics and Circuits | 简单电子学与电路

Electronics empowers engineers to control energy. Year 7 introduces basic circuit theory: cells, bulbs, buzzers, motors, and switches. Students build series and parallel circuits on prototyping boards, observing what happens when one component is removed. They learn the symbols for common components and draw circuit diagrams following conventional layout rules.

电子技术使工程师能够控制能量。七年级介绍基本电路理论：电池、灯泡、蜂鸣器、电机和开关。学生在面包板上搭建串联和并联电路，观察移除某一元件时会发生什么。他们学习常用元件的符号，并按照常规布局规则绘制电路图。

Safety with electricity is emphasised — only low-voltage batteries are used. Pupils measure voltage and current using multimeters, understanding the concepts of voltage as electrical ‘push’ and current as flow. They also solder simple joints (optional, depending on facilities) to create a small light-up badge or buzzer game.

强调用电安全——仅使用低压电池。学生使用万用表测量电压和电流，理解电压作为电的“推力”和电流作为流动的概念。他们还有机会（视设施而定）通过焊接简单接头，制作一个小型发光徽章或蜂鸣器游戏。

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8. Mechanical Systems: Levers and Linkages | 机械系统：杠杆与连杆

Machines make work easier. This practical topic introduces levers as force multipliers, with pupils identifying effort, load, and fulcrum in real tools such as scissors, wheelbarrows, and bottle openers. They construct simple models using card strips and split-pin fasteners to demonstrate first, second, and third class levers.

机械让工作更轻松。这个实践性课题将杠杆作为增力装置引入，学生识别剪刀、手推车和开瓶器等真实工具中的施力点、负载和支点。他们使用卡纸条和分脚钉制作简单模型，演示一级、二级和三级杠杆。

Linkages are explored through pop-up cards and moving toys. Pupils analyse reverse-motion and parallel-motion linkages, then design their own moving display with a cam and follower mechanism. The unit builds intuitive understanding of mechanical advantage, linking back to the structures topic when discussing how forces move through a system.

通过立体卡片和活动玩具探索连杆机构。学生分析反向运动和平行运动连杆，然后设计自己的活动展示品，其中包含凸轮和从动件机构。本单元建立对机械效益的直观理解，并在讨论力如何通过系统传递时与结构课题相联系。

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9. Introduction to Computer-Aided Design (CAD) | 计算机辅助设计（CAD）入门

Modern engineering relies heavily on digital tools. Students are introduced to a user-friendly CAD package (e.g., Tinkercad, SketchUp Free, or Fusion 360 in simplified mode). They learn to navigate a 3D workspace, create basic primitives (cubes, cylinders), and combine them using Boolean operations to form more complex shapes.

现代工程高度依赖数字工具。学生接触一套用户友好的 CAD 软件（如 Tinkercad、SketchUp Free 或简化模式下的 Fusion 360）。他们学习如何在三维工作空间中导航，创建基本几何体（立方体、圆柱体），并通过布尔运算将它们组合成更复杂的形状。

A typical project involves designing a custom keyring or luggage tag. Pupils add text, fillet edges, and export their files for 3D printing. This tangible outcome — seeing their digital design become a physical object — is a powerful motivator. They also compare CAD with traditional hand drawing, discussing advantages and limitations.

一个典型项目是设计定制钥匙扣或行李牌。学生添加文字、倒圆角，并导出文件用于 3D 打印。看到自己的数字设计变成实物这一切实成果，是一大动力源泉。他们还比较 CAD 与传统手绘，讨论其优点和局限性。

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10. Programming for Control (Micro:bit / Arduino Basics) | 控制编程入门（Micro:bit / Arduino 基础）

Engineering increasingly involves coding embedded systems. Using a classroom-friendly microcontroller like the BBC micro:bit, pupils write their first programs in a block-based editor (MakeCode) or a simple text-based language. They learn sequencing, loops, and conditional logic by creating a digital name badge and a step counter.

工程越来越多地涉及对嵌入式系统进行编程。学生使用适合课堂的单片机（如 BBC micro:bit），在基于积木的编辑器（MakeCode）或简单的文本语言中编写他们的第一个程序。他们通过制作数字姓名牌和计步器，学习顺序、循环和条件逻辑。

Inputs and outputs come alive: connecting LEDs, servos, and sensors. A favourite project is an automatic night light that turns on an LED when ambient light drops below a threshold. This unit reinforces circuit concepts and introduces the idea of autonomous systems, laying the groundwork for future robotics challenges.

输入和输出变得生动：连接 LED、伺服电机和传感器。一个深受喜爱的项目是自动夜灯，当环境光线低于阈值时点亮 LED。本单元强化了电路概念，并引入自主系统的理念，为未来的机器人挑战奠定基础。

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11. Design and Make Project: From Brief to Prototype | 设计与制作项目：从任务书到原型

The final term consolidates all skills through a guided design-and-make assignment. Students receive a brief, such as “design a desk tidy that can hold a phone, pens, and sticky notes”. They research existing products, write a short design specification, and generate a range of initial ideas using annotated sketches.

最后一个学期通过一个指导性的设计与制作任务来巩固所有技能。学生收到一份任务书，例如“设计一个能容纳手机、笔和便利贴的桌面收纳架”。他们调研现有产品，撰写简短的设计规格，并通过带注释的草图生成一系列初步想法。

After teacher feedback, pupils develop a chosen idea into a more detailed paper or CAD model. They plan manufacturing steps, select materials from those studied, and safely produce their prototype using hand tools, adhesives, and finishes. Testing against the original specification and suggesting realistic improvements completes the engineering cycle.

在教师反馈后，学生将选定的想法发展成更详细的图纸或 CAD 模型。他们规划制作步骤，从学过的材料中进行选择，并使用手工具、胶粘剂和表面处理安全地制作原型。对照原规格进行测试并提出切实可行的改进建议，从而完成工程循环。

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12. Assessment and Progression in Year 7 Engineering | 七年级工程的评估与进阶

Assessment is ongoing and multi-faceted. Teachers observe practical skills, evaluate design folios, and use short written quizzes to check knowledge of material properties, tool names, and safety rules. Pupils self-assess and peer-assess against agreed success criteria, building reflective habits.

评估是持续的、多维度的。教师观察实践技能，评价设计日志，并使用简短的书面测验来检查关于材料属性、工具名称和安全规则的知识。学生根据商定的成功标准进行自我评价和同伴评价，养成反思习惯。

Progress is tracked in key areas: creativity in designing, accuracy in making, understanding of scientific principles, and ability to evaluate outcomes. Reports often include a workshop attitude grade, rewarding safe behaviour and resilience. Strong performance opens doors to Year 8 topics like pneumatics, more advanced electronics, and robotics.

在关键领域追踪进展：设计的创造性、制作的精确度、对科学原理的理解以及评估成果的能力。成绩报告通常包含工作坊态度等级，奖励安全行为和韧性。优异表现为八年级的气动、更高级电子学和机器人等课题铺平道路。

Published by TutorHao | Engineering Revision Series | aleveler.com

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