📚 Year 7 WJEC Politics: Winter Holiday Intensive Revision Plan | 七年级 WJEC 政治：寒假强化复习计划
The winter break offers a golden opportunity to strengthen your grasp of Year 7 WJEC Politics. This 10-day intensive plan breaks down the syllabus into bite-sized daily sessions, blending content review with active recall and practice. By following this guide, you will return to school with a solid foundation in key political concepts, ready to tackle new challenges with confidence.
寒假是巩固七年级 WJEC 政治知识的黄金时间。这份为期10天的强化复习计划将课程内容分解成小块，每天进行内容回顾、主动回忆和练习。按照这份指南复习，你将带着扎实的政治概念基础回到学校，充满自信地迎接新的挑战。
1. Day 1: What Is Politics? | 第1天：什么是政治？
Politics is about power, decision-making, and how people organise their societies. In Year 7, you explore the idea that politics affects everyday life, from the rules at school to national laws. Start by defining politics as the process by which groups of people make collective decisions, often involving negotiation and compromise.
政治关乎权力、决策以及人们如何组织社会。在七年级，你会探讨政治如何影响日常生活，从学校的规定到国家法律。首先将政治定义为群体做出集体决策的过程，这通常涉及协商和妥协。
Create a mind map connecting the term ‘politics’ to words like government, power, authority, fairness, and conflict. Then list three examples where you see politics in your daily life, such as a student council election or a family vote on a holiday destination. This exercise helps you recognise that political processes are not limited to Westminster.
制作一张思维导图，将“政治”一词与政府、权力、权威、公平和冲突等词汇联系起来。然后列举三个你在日常生活中见到政治的例子，比如学生会选举或家庭投票决定度假目的地。这个练习有助于你认识到政治过程不仅限于威斯敏斯特。
2. Day 2: Democracy and Its Principles | 第2天：民主及其原则
Democracy means ‘rule by the people’. The UK is a representative democracy, where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf. Focus on the core principles: popular sovereignty, political equality, majority rule with respect for minority rights, and free and fair elections. Revise how these principles are upheld in the UK.
民主意为“人民统治”。英国是一个代议制民主国家，公民选举代表替自己做决策。重点关注核心原则：人民主权、政治平等、多数人统治并尊重少数人权利，以及自由公正的选举。复习这些原则在英国是如何得到维护的。
Draw a table comparing direct democracy and representative democracy, noting one modern example of each (e.g. a referendum for direct democracy, a general election for representative democracy). Then write a short paragraph explaining why representative democracy is practical for a large country.
画一个表格比较直接民主与代议制民主，并各举一个现代例子（例如全民公投是直接民主，大选是代议制民主）。然后写一小段话，解释为何代议制民主对一个大国来说是切实可行的。
3. Day 3: Political Parties in the UK | 第3天：英国的政党
Political parties are organisations that bring together people with similar views to contest elections and form governments. The UK has a multi-party system, but the House of Commons is dominated by the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, and the Liberal Democrats. Understand their broad ideologies: Conservatives generally favour tradition and free markets, Labour advocates social justice and public services, and Liberal Democrats emphasise civil liberties and electoral reform.
政党是将持相似观点的人聚集在一起以参加竞选并组建政府的组织。英国是多党制，但下议院主要由保守党、工党和自由民主党主导。了解它们的广义意识形态：保守党通常偏向传统与自由市场，工党主张社会正义与公共服务，自由民主党强调公民自由与选举改革。
Create a party profile for each major party, including the leader’s name (as of the current date), the party colour, and one key policy. Use reliable sources like the party websites or BBC News. Then summarise why smaller parties, such as the Green Party, still matter even if they win few seats.
为每个主要政党制作一份简介，包括现任党魁姓名、政党颜色和一项关键政策。使用可靠的信息来源，比如政党网站或BBC新闻。然后总结为什么像绿党这样的小党即使赢得的席位不多仍然重要。
4. Day 4: Parliament and Law-Making | 第4天：议会与立法
The UK Parliament is the supreme legislative body, composed of the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the monarch. Laws are made through a process of proposal, debate, and approval. Revise the stages of a bill: first reading, second reading, committee stage, report stage, third reading, and then royal assent. Understand the roles of the Speaker in the Commons and the Lord Speaker in the Lords.
英国议会是最高立法机构，由下议院、上议院和君主组成。法律通过提案、辩论和批准的程序制定。复习一项法案的各个阶段：一读、二读、委员会阶段、报告阶段、三读，然后获得御准。了解下议院议长和上议院议长的职责。
Draw a flowchart of how a bill becomes an Act of Parliament. Next, research a recent bill that started in the House of Commons and identify which stage it is at currently. This real-world link makes the process more memorable.
绘制一张一法案如何成为议会法令的流程图。接着，研究一项最近在下议院启动的法案，找出它目前处于哪个阶段。这种与现实世界的联系能让这一过程更加难忘。
5. Day 5: The Role of the Prime Minister and Cabinet | 第5天：首相与内阁的职责
The Prime Minister is the head of the UK government, appointed by the monarch but normally the leader of the party with the most MPs. The Cabinet is made up of senior ministers chosen by the Prime Minister to lead government departments. Together they make key policy decisions. Revise the concept of collective responsibility, which means Cabinet members must publicly support government decisions or resign.
首相是英国政府首脑，由君主任命，但通常为拥有最多下议院议员的政党领袖。内阁由首挑选的高级大臣组成，领导各个政府部门。他们共同做出关键的政策决定。复习集体负责制的概念，即内阁成员必须公开支持政府的决定，否则须辞职。
List the current Prime Minister and five Cabinet members, along with their departments. Then explain in your own words why the principle of individual ministerial responsibility is important. Use an example of a minister who resigned due to a mistake in their department.
列出现任首相和五位内阁大臣及他们主管的部门。然后用你自己的话解释个人大臣负责制为何重要。举一个因部门失误而引咎辞职的大臣的例子。
6. Day 6: Local Government and Communities | 第6天：地方政府与社区
Local government in the UK is made up of councils that provide services such as education, waste collection, and social care. There are different types of councils: county councils, district councils, and unitary authorities. Local councillors are elected by residents, and they decide how local budgets are spent. Understanding this tier of government shows how politics directly affects your neighbourhood.
英国的地方政府由提供教育、垃圾收集和社会关怀等服务的议会组成。议会类型多样：郡议会、区议会和单一管理局。地方议员由居民选举产生，决定地方预算的使用。了解这一层级的政府能让你明白政治是如何直接影响你所在社区的。
Find out the name of your local council and one councillor representing your ward. List three services the council is responsible for and explain how you can contact them if you have a concern. Write a mock letter to your councillor about an issue that matters to you, such as more cycle lanes.
查一查你所在地方议会的名称，以及代表你所在选区的议员。列出议会负责的三项服务，并说明如果你有疑问可以如何联系他们。就一个你关心的问题，比如增设自行车道，给议员写一封模拟信。
7. Day 7: Rights and Responsibilities | 第7天：权利与责任
In a democracy, citizens have fundamental rights, such as the right to vote, freedom of speech, and the right to a fair trial. These rights are protected by law, including the Human Rights Act 1998 and the Equality Act 2010. However, rights come with responsibilities, like obeying the law, paying taxes, and serving on a jury if called. Balancing rights and responsibilities ensures a fair society.
在民主国家，公民拥有基本权利，比如投票权、言论自由权和获得公正审判的权利。这些权利受到法律保护，包括《1998年人权法案》和《2010年平等法案》。然而，权利伴随着责任，比如遵守法律、纳税和在需要时担任陪审员。平衡权利与责任才能确保社会公平。
Create a two-column chart: ‘Rights’ on one side, ‘Responsibilities’ on the other, matching each right with a corresponding duty. For example, the right to education pairs with the responsibility to attend school. Then discuss a scenario where rights might clash, like freedom of the press versus the right to privacy, and suggest how such conflicts can be resolved.
制作一个两栏的图表：左边写“权利”，右边写“责任”，将每项权利与相应的义务对应起来。例如，受教育权对应上学的责任。然后讨论一个权利可能发生冲突的情景，比如新闻自由与隐私权之间的冲突，并提出解决此类冲突的方法。
8. Day 8: The Justice System and Rule of Law | 第8天：司法体系与法治
The rule of law is a principle that everyone, including the government, must obey the law. It ensures that laws are applied equally and fairly. The UK justice system includes police forces, courts, and prisons. Courts are independent from Parliament and enforce the law. Understand the difference between civil law (disputes between individuals) and criminal law (offences against the state).
法治是一项原则，意味着包括政府在内的所有人都必须遵守法律。它确保法律得到平等和公正的适用。英国的司法体系包括警察机关、法院和监狱。法院独立于议会，负责执行法律。了解民法（个人之间的纠纷）和刑法（危害国家的罪行）的区别。
Label a simple diagram of the court hierarchy, from Magistrates’ Court to the Supreme Court. Then explain why an independent judiciary is essential for democracy. Use a recent news story about a court case to illustrate the rule of law in action.
为从治安法院到最高法院的法院层级图加上标注。然后解释为什么独立的司法机构对民主至关重要。用近期一则关于法院案件的新闻报道来说明法治在实际中的运作。
9. Day 9: Political Participation and Campaigning | 第9天：政治参与和竞选活动
Political participation goes beyond voting: it includes joining a political party, contacting your MP, protesting, or signing petitions. Campaigning is the organised effort to influence decisions, often during elections. Look at methods like canvassing, leaflets, social media, and televised debates. Evaluate which methods are most effective at engaging young people.
政治参与不只局限于投票，还包括加入政党、联系你的议员、抗议或签署请愿书。竞选活动是有组织地影响决策的努力，通常发生在选举期间。了解各种方式，如上门拉票、散发传单、社交媒体和电视辩论。评估哪种方式最能吸引年轻人参与。
Design your own campaign poster for a school issue, including a slogan, a logo, and three key promises. Then write a short speech as if you were a candidate. Reflect on why some people choose not to participate and suggest two ways to increase youth turnout in elections.
为一个学校里的议题设计你自己的竞选海报，包括口号、标志和三项关键承诺。然后写一篇简短的演讲，就当自己是一名候选人。思考为何有些人选择不参与，并提出两种提高年轻人投票率的方法。
10. Day 10: Revision and Practice Questions | 第10天：复习与练习题
Use this final day to consolidate everything covered. Review your mind maps, tables, and notes from the previous nine days. Create flashcards for key vocabulary: democracy, sovereignty, parliament, cabinet, rule of law, rights, responsibilities. Then test yourself with practice questions to check your understanding.
用最后一天来巩固所学的一切。回顾前九天制作的思维导图、表格和笔记。为核心词汇制作闪卡：民主、主权、议会、内阁、法治、权利、责任。然后用练习题测试自己，检查理解程度。
Sample questions: ‘Explain two features of representative democracy.’ ‘Describe the difference between the House of Commons and the House of Lords.’ ‘Why is the rule of law important?’ Write model answers and then cover them up and try to write from memory. Mark your own work and note any areas needing further review.
示例问题：“解释代议制民主的两个特征。”“描述下议院和上议院的区别。”“为什么法治很重要？”写出标准答案，然后遮住答案，尝试自己默写。批改自己的作业，记下任何需要继续复习的地方。
Published by TutorHao | Politics Revision Series | aleveler.com
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