Year 8 CCEA Statistics: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | Year 8 CCEA 统计：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 8 CCEA Statistics: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | Year 8 CCEA 统计：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your Year 8 CCEA Statistics quick memorisation guide. Mastering the essential vocabulary and terminology is the first major step to feeling confident with data handling, charts, and probability. This guide provides clear bilingual explanations of the key terms you will meet in your classroom and exams, following the Northern Ireland CCEA curriculum. Each term is explained in plain English, followed immediately by a matching Chinese translation, and we have included memory tips wherever possible to make revision easier.

欢迎阅读 Year 8 CCEA 统计速记指南。掌握核心词汇与术语是轻松应对数据处理、图表和概率的第一步。本指南提供了清晰的双语释义，涵盖你在课堂和考试中会遇到的关键术语，严格遵循北爱尔兰 CCEA 课程大纲。每个术语先用简洁英语解释，紧接着是匹配的中文翻译，并在可能之处附上记忆窍门，让复习更加轻松。

1. Average Lingo: Mean, Median, Mode and Range | 中心度之语：平均数、中位数、众数与极差

Mean (Arithmetic Average): The mean is found by adding up all the data values and then dividing the total by the number of values. For example, the mean of 3, 5, 7 is (3 + 5 + 7) ÷ 3 = 5. In symbols we often say Mean = (Sum of values) ÷ (Number of values).

平均数（算术平均值）：将所有数据值相加再除以数据的个数。例如 3、5、7 的平均数是 (3+5+7) ÷ 3 = 5。常用公式为：平均数 = 总和 ÷ 个数。

Mean = (Sum of all data) ÷ (Total count)

Median: The median is the middle value when the data is arranged in order from smallest to largest. If there is an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle numbers. For the list 4, 1, 9, the ordered list is 1, 4, 9, so the median is 4. For the list 2, 3, 6, 8, the two middle numbers are 3 and 6, so the median is (3+6) ÷ 2 = 4.5.

中位数：将数据从小到大排序，处于中间位置的数就是中位数。如果数据个数为偶数，则中位数为中间两个数的平均值。比如数据集 4、1、9，排序后为 1、4、9，中位数是 4。对于 2、3、6、8，中间两数为 3 和 6，中位数 = (3+6) ÷ 2 = 4.5。

Mode: The mode is the value that appears most frequently. A dataset can have one mode (unimodal), two modes (bimodal), or no mode at all if all values occur only once. In 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, the mode is 3. In 1, 2, 3, 4, there is no mode.

众数：出现次数最多的数据值。一组数据可能有一个众数、两个众数，或没有众数。在 2、3、3、5、6 中，众数是 3。在 1、2、3、4 中，没有众数。

Range: The range measures the spread of the data and is simply the largest value minus the smallest value. For heights 120 cm, 150 cm, 135 cm, the range is 150 – 120 = 30 cm. Memory trick: Range = Max – Min.

极差：衡量数据的离散程度，等于最大值减去最小值。例如身高 120 cm、150 cm、135 cm，极差 = 150 – 120 = 30 cm。记忆技巧：极差 = 最大 – 最小。

A quick rhyme to remember: “Hey diddle diddle, the median’s the middle; you add and divide for the mean. The mode is the one that appears the most, and the range is the difference between!”

一首记忆儿歌：’Hey diddle diddle, median 在中央；相加再除得 mean；mode 是出现最频繁的那个；range 就是差距量！’

2. Data Categories: Qualitative vs Quantitative | 数据分类：定性与定量

Qualitative data (also called categorical data) describes qualities or categories that cannot be measured with numbers in a meaningful way. Examples include eye colour (blue, brown), favourite sport (football, tennis), or types of pet (dog, cat). We can count frequencies but usually cannot perform arithmetic on these labels.

定性数据（也称分类数据）描述的是不能用数字进行有意义测量的属性或类别。例如眼睛颜色（蓝、棕）、最喜欢的运动（足球、网球）或宠物类型（狗、猫）。我们可以统计频数，但通常不能对这些标签进行算术运算。

Quantitative data is numerical data that represents amounts or measurements. It can be used in calculations. Examples are test scores, heights, temperatures, or number of siblings. Quantitative data is further split into discrete and continuous, which we will explore next.

定量数据是表示数量或测量值的数值型数据，可以进行计算。例如考试分数、身高、温度或兄弟姐妹的数量。定量数据又进一步分为离散数据和连续数据，下一节将详细说明。

Memory tip: “Quality” suggests describing a quality, “Quantity” suggests a number.

记忆技巧：’Qualitative’ 与品质挂钩，’Quantitative’ 与数量挂钩。

3. Discrete or Continuous? | 离散还是连续？

Discrete data can only take specific

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