Year 8 CIE Physics: Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | Year 8 CIE 物理：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 8 CIE Physics: Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | Year 8 CIE 物理：词汇术语速记指南

Mastering physics begins with a solid grasp of its key terms. This guide presents Year 8 CIE physics vocabulary in a friendly, bilingual format and shares clever memory aids to make every word stick.

学好物理，从牢固掌握核心术语开始。本指南以中英对照的形式呈现 Year 8 CIE 物理词汇，并分享聪明的记忆技巧，让每个词都过目不忘。

1. Forces: Push and Pull | 力：推和拉

A force is any push or pull that can change an object’s speed, direction or shape. Forces are measured in newtons (N).

力是任何能改变物体速度、方向或形状的推或拉。力的单位是牛顿 (N)。

Contact forces act only when objects are touching. Examples include friction, which slows moving objects, and tension in a rope.

接触力只在物体相互接触时作用，例如摩擦力（会减慢移动物体）和绳子的张力。

Non-contact forces act over a distance. Gravity pulls objects towards the centre of the Earth. Magnetic force can attract or repel certain metals.

非接触力隔空作用。重力将物体拉向地心。磁力可以吸引或排斥某些金属。

Memory trick: Think of ‘C’ in Contact as ‘Collide’ – you must collide to have contact. Non-contact is like magic, invisible but real.

记忆技巧：把 Contact（接触）中的 C 想成碰撞 (Collide) – 必须碰撞才有接触。非接触力像魔法，看不见却真实存在。

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2. Mass vs. Weight | 质量与重量

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in kilograms (kg). It does not change wherever you go in the universe.

质量是物体所含物质的多少，单位是千克 (kg)。无论去到宇宙何处，质量都不变。

Weight is the force of gravity acting on an object’s mass. It is measured in newtons (N). On the Moon, your weight is only about 1/6 of your weight on Earth because gravity is weaker.

重量是作用在物体质量上的重力，单位是牛顿 (N)。在月球上，你的重量大约只有地球上的 1/6，因为月球引力较弱。

To calculate weight: W = m × g, where g ≈ 10 N/kg on Earth.

W = m × g   (g ≈ 10 N/kg on Earth)

Clever way to remember: Mass is the ‘stuff’, weight is the ‘pull’. In Chinese, 质量 (zhì liàng) sounds like ‘quantity’ – quantity of matter remains constant.

记忆妙招：质量是“东西”本身，重量是向下的“拉力”。中文里“质量”听起来像“质”与“量”，物质的数量保持不变。

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3. Energy Forms: The Many Faces of Energy | 能量形式：能量的多种面貌

Energy is the ability to do work. It exists in many forms, all measured in joules (J).

能量是做功的能力。它以多种形式存在，单位都是焦耳 (J)。

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Any moving object has kinetic energy. Thermal energy is the energy of hot objects, related to the movement of particles.

动能是运动的能量。任何移动的物体都有动能。热能是高温物体的能量，与粒子运动有关。

Light energy, sound energy, electrical energy, chemical energy (stored in food and batteries) and elastic potential energy (stored in stretched springs) are common forms.

光能、声能、电能、化学能（储存于食物和电池中）以及弹性势能（储存于拉伸的弹簧中）都是常见形式。

A great mnemonic: King Henry’s Lovely Cat Dances Elegantly – Kinetic, Heat (Thermal), Light, Chemical, Sound (Think of D for Deafening), Electrical, Elastic. Create your own!

一个绝佳的助记句：可爱的小猫优雅跳舞 – 分别对应动能、热能、光能、化学能、声能 (把跳舞的 D 想作震耳欲聋)、电能、弹性势能。创造你自己的句子吧！

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4. Energy Transfers: How Energy Moves | 能量转移：能量如何移动

Energy can be transferred from one place to another by four main processes: mechanically (by a force moving an object), electrically (by a current), by heating, and by radiation (e.g. light or sound waves).

能量可以通过四种主要过程转移：机械做功（力移动物体）、电做功（电流）、加热、以及辐射（如光波或声波）。

Thermal energy transfer happens via conduction (through solids), convection (in liquids and gases) and radiation (infrared waves, no particles needed).

热能传递通过传导（固体中）、对流（液体和气体中）和辐射（红外波，不需要粒子）发生。

Conduction: hot particles vibrate and pass energy to neighbours. Metals are good conductors; plastics are insulators.

传导：热的粒子振动并将能量传给相邻粒子。金属是良导体；塑料

Published by TutorHao | Year 8 Physics Revision Series | aleveler.com

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