Year 9 AQA French: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick-Memorisation Guide | Year 9 AQA 法语:词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 9 AQA French: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick-Memorisation Guide | Year 9 AQA 法语:词汇术语速记指南

Mastering French vocabulary and key grammatical terms is a vital step in building confidence for the AQA Year 9 course. This guide presents core topics with clever memory hooks, grouping strategies, and pattern recognition to help you learn faster and retain words longer. Whether it is food, family, school or tricky verbs, each section breaks down the terminology and shows you how to lock it into your long‑term memory.

掌握法语词汇和关键语法术语是建立AQA Year 9课程信心的重要一步。本指南涵盖核心话题,配以巧妙的记忆挂钩、分组策略和规律识别,帮助您学得更快、记得更牢。从食物、家庭、学校到令人头疼的动词,每一部分都拆解术语,并教您如何将其牢牢锁入长期记忆。

1. Food & Drink Essentials | 食物与饮料核心词

Le pain (bread) – Link it to “pan”, which looks like a wide bread loaf. In French, ‘pain’ is also the word for ‘bread’, so imagine a baker taking a loaf out of a pan.

le pain(面包)—— 把它和英语的“pan”(平底锅)联系起来,平底锅的形状就像一块宽大面包。法语中的“pain”也是“面包”,想象一位面包师从平底锅中取出一条面包。

La pomme (apple) – Remember ‘pomme de terre’ (potato), literally ‘apple of the earth’. For the fruit, visualise a shiny red apple on a tree; the smooth skin reminds you of the round shape of a ‘pomme’.

la pomme(苹果)—— 记住“pomme de terre”(土豆),字面意思是“土里的苹果”。对于水果,想象树上闪亮的红苹果;光滑的果皮让你想起“pomme”那圆圆的形状。

Le fromage (cheese) – Think of ‘fromage’ sounding like ‘from age’ – cheese gets better with age! Whenever you see the word, picture a mature cheese wheel.

le fromage(奶酪)—— 听起来像“from age”(来自岁月)—— 奶酪越陈越香!每次看到这个词,就想象一块成熟的奶酪轮。

La viande (meat) – The ‘vi’ sounds like ‘vee’ in ‘veal’. Veal is a type of meat, so link ‘viande’ to ‘veal’.

la viande(肉)—— 开头的“vi”和英语“veal”(小牛肉)的读音相似。小牛肉是一种肉类,所以把“viande”和“veal”挂钩。

Les fruits de mer (seafood) – Literally ‘fruits of the sea’. Picture a coral reef covered in shell‑shaped fruits to make the phrase unforgettable.

les fruits de mer(海鲜)—— 字面意思是“海洋的水果”。想象一片珊瑚礁上挂满了贝壳形状的水果,让这个短语难以忘怀。


2. Family & Friends | 家庭与朋友

La mère (mother) – Note the grave accent. In English, ‘mère’ looks like ‘mere’, which means ‘pure’ but also feels close to ‘mum’. Visualise a mother as the mere centre of the family.

la mère(母亲)—— 注意开音符。英语中“mère”看起来像“mere”(仅仅的/纯粹的),但也接近“mum”。把母亲想象成家庭纯粹的(mere)中心。

Le père (father) – Similar pattern. Think of the French ‘père’ as the ‘pair’ to ‘mère’. Both have the same ending; they go together like a pair.

le père(父亲)—— 类似的模式。把法语的“père”看作“mère”的配对(pair)。两者结尾相同,成对出现。

Le frère (brother) / La soeur (sister) – ‘Frère’ shares the ‘fr‑’ sound with ‘brother’, both have fraternal roots. ‘Soeur’ sounds like ‘sir’ but is feminine; imagine a sister being addressed politely as a young lady.

le frère(兄弟)/ la soeur(姐妹)—— “frère”的“fr‑”音与英语“brother”的兄弟情义(fraternal)同源。“soeur”听起来像“sir”(先生),但指女性;想象一位姐妹被礼貌地称呼为年轻女士。

Les grands‑parents (grandparents) – Break it down: ‘grands’ means ‘great’ or ‘tall’ and ‘parents’ is obvious. Your grandparents are the ‘great parents’ in the family tree.

les grands‑parents(祖父母)—— 拆解词根:“grands”意为“伟大的”或“高大的”,“parents”不言自明。祖父母是家谱中“伟大的父母”。


3. School & Education | 学校与教育

Le collège (school, 11–15) – Not to be confused with English ‘college’. In France, le collège is the secondary school for Years 7–10. Think of it as the ‘collection’ of all subjects you study before sixth form.

le collège(初中,11–15岁就读)—— 不要与英语的“college”(大学)混淆。在法国,le collège 是七至十年级就读的中学。把它想象成你在第六学级之前所有科目的“集合”(collection)。

Le professeur (teacher) – Both masculine and feminine, just add ‘e’ for a female teacher: ‘la professeure’. To remember, a professor ‘professes’ knowledge.

le professeur(老师)—— 阴阳性同形,女老师常写作“la professeure”。记忆法:教授“宣称”(profess)知识。

Les matières (subjects) – Key ones: les maths (maths), l’histoire‑géographie (history‑geography), les sciences (science), l’anglais (English), le français (French). Notice ‘les maths’ is plural in French. For ‘l’histoire’, link it to English ‘history’ – both share ‘st’ and ‘r’.

les matières(学科)—— 重点词汇:les maths(数学),l’histoire‑géographie(史地),les sciences(科学),l’anglais(英语),le français(法语)。注意“les maths”在法语中是复数。对于“l’histoire”,与英语“history”联系——两者都有“st”和“r”。

La récréation (break time) – The word contains ‘créa’ like ‘create’; break time is when pupils re‑create their energy.

la récréation(课间休息)—— 词中含有“créa”,类似“创造”(create);课间休息就是学生重新恢复精力(re‑create)。


4. Leisure & Hobbies | 休闲与爱好

Le sport (sport) – Easy cognate. Add ‘faire du sport’ – to do sport. La musique (music) – ‘musique’ ends with ‘‑ique’, typical French ending for ‘‑ic’ words.

le sport(运动)—— 明显的同源词。搭配“faire du sport”——做运动。la musique(音乐)—— “musique”以“‑ique”结尾,是英语“‑ic”类单词的典型法语词尾。

Jouer à (play a game/sport) vs Jouer de (play an instrument) – ‘Jouer au foot’ (play football) uses ‘à’ contracted, while ‘jouer du piano’ uses ‘de’. The mnemonic: ‘à’ for activities with a ball (à looks like a stick figure kicking a ball), ‘de’ for instruments with strings or keys.

Jouer à(玩球类或游戏)对比 Jouer de(演奏乐器)—— “Jouer au foot”(踢足球)用缩合的“à”,而“jouer du piano”(弹钢琴)用“de”。记忆法:“à”用于球类活动(à 像一个小人踢球),“de”用于带弦或键盘的乐器。

Regarder la télévision (watch TV) – ‘un téléspectateur’ is a TV viewer. Link ‘regarder’ to ‘guard’ – you guard your eyes to watch carefully.

regarder la télévision(看电视)—— “un téléspectateur”是电视观众。将“regarder”与英语“guard”联系——你守护(guard)双眼以仔细观看。

La lecture (reading) – ‘lecture’ in French means reading, not a university talk. Remember: a ‘lecture’ at school involves reading out a text.

la lecture(阅读)—— 法语的“lecture”意为阅读,而不是大学讲座。记住:学校的“讲座”常常需要读出一篇文本。


5. Daily Routine & Time | 日常生活与时间

Se réveiller (to wake up) – The reflexive ‘se’ indicates doing it to yourself. Split ‘réveiller’ as ‘ré‑veiller’. ‘Veiller’ means to stay awake; with ‘ré‑’ it’s waking up again. So ‘se réveiller’ = to wake oneself up again.

se réveiller(醒来)—— 自反代词“se”表示对自己做动作。把“réveiller”拆成“ré‑veiller”。“Veiller”意思是熬夜;“ré‑”表示再次,所以是再次醒来。因此“se réveiller”= 使自己再次醒来。

S’habiller (to get dressed) – Look for ‘hab’ like ‘habit’ (clothing). You put on your habit, so you s’habiller.

s’habiller(穿衣服)—— 词中包含“hab”,类似英语“habit”(习惯/服装)。你穿上自己的服装(habit),就是“s’habiller”。

Le matin (morning) / Le soir (evening) – Many time expressions: le matin (in the morning), le soir (in the evening), l’après‑midi (afternoon). Think of ‘matin’ as ‘mating’ – birds sing in the morning during mating season.

le matin(早上)/ le soir(晚上)—— 许多时间表达:le matin(在早上),le soir(在晚上),l’après‑midi(下午)。把“matin”想象成鸟在交配季节(mating)的清晨歌唱。

Tous les jours (every day) – Literally ‘all the days’. ‘Tous’ sounds like ‘toos’; ‘les jours’ (the days) – practise saying ‘tous les jours’ in one breath.

tous les jours(每天)—— 字面意思“所有日子”。“Tous”发音类似“too”;“les jours”就是日子。练习一口气说“tous les jours”。


6. Weather & Seasons | 天气与季节

Il fait beau (the weather is fine) – French uses ‘il fait’ + adjective for weather. ‘Beau’ means beautiful. Imagine a bow on a sunny day – ‘beau’ and ‘bow’ sound similar.

il fait beau(天气好)—— 法语用“il fait”+形容词表达天气。“Beau”意为美丽的。想象晴天里的一道彩虹弓(bow)——“beau”和“bow”发音相似。

Il pleut (it rains) – ‘Pleuvoir’ (to rain). The ‘pleu’ sounds like ‘plu’ in ‘plume’ (feather). Rain falls softly like feathers.

il pleut(下雨)—— “pleuvoir”(下雨)。“pleu”听起来像“plume”(羽毛)中的“plu”。雨滴轻柔如羽毛飘落。

Le printemps (spring) – Break into ‘prin‑temps’, literally ‘first time’ or ‘prime time’. Spring is the prime season of growth.

le printemps(春天)—— 拆成“prin‑temps”,字面“最初的时间”或“黄金时段”。春季是生长的黄金季节。

L’été (summer) / L’hiver (winter) – ‘Été’ has accents; imagine the sun beating down so an accent remains above the ‘e’. ‘Hiver’ starts with ‘h’ and feels chilly; the ‘h’ is silent but icy cold.

l’été(夏天)/ l’hiver(冬天)—— “Été”带有重音符号;想象烈日当头,重音就落在“e”上。“Hiver”以“h”开头,感觉寒冷;“h”不发音,却透着凉意。


7. Adjectives & Opposites | 形容词与反义词

Grand(e) vs Petit(e) – ‘Grand’ means tall or big; ‘petit’ means small. To remember: a grand piano is large, while a petit four is a tiny cake. Adjective agreement: add ‘‑e’ for feminine, ‘‑s’ for plural.

grand(e)(大的/高的)对比 petit(e)(小的)—— “grand”表示高大的或大的;“petit”表示小的。记忆法:一架grand钢琴很大,而一块petit four(小蛋糕)很小。形容词配合:阴性加“‑e”,复数加“‑s”。

Heureux / Heureuse (happy) – ‘Heureux’ for masculine, ‘heureuse’ for feminine. The ‘x’ changes to ‘se’ in feminine. Think ‘joyeux anniversaire’ (happy birthday); both share the ‘‑eux’/‑euse’ pattern.

heureux / heureuse(幸福的)—— 阳性“heureux”,阴性“heureuse”。词尾“x”在阴性形式变为“se”。联想“joyeux anniversaire”(生日快乐),两者都遵循“‑eux/‑euse”的变化模式。

Intéressant vs Ennuyeux (interesting vs boring) – ‘Intéressant’ looks like ‘interesting’ with an extra ‘s’. ‘Ennuyeux’ sounds like ‘on‑we‑yeux’ – boring things make you yawn (on we go).

intéressant(有趣的)对比 ennuyeux(无聊的)—— “Intéressant”看起来像英语“interesting”多了一个“s”。“Ennuyeux”发音接近“on‑we‑yeux”——无聊的东西让人打哈欠(on we go 会令人困倦)。

Vieux / Vieille (old) – ‘Vieux’ (masculine before consonant), ‘vieil’ before vowel, ‘vieille’ (feminine). Visualise a vieux man with a vieille lady; the double ‘l’ suggests a little extra age.

vieux / vieille(老的)—— “vieux”(辅音前阳性),“vieil”(元音前阳性),“vieille”(阴性)。想象一位老爷爷(vieux)和老奶奶(vieille);双写“l”暗示多了一点岁数。


8. High‑Frequency Verbs | 高频动词

Être (to be) – Je suis, tu es, il/elle/on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont. The ‘s’ is important. Link ‘suis’ to ‘I am’, ‘es’ to ‘you are’ (tu) – both single letters. ‘Nous sommes’ = ‘we are’ – ‘sommes’ sounds like ‘sum’, because you are summing up your identity.

être(是)—— Je suis, tu es, il/elle/on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont。注意“s”是关键。把“suis”联想为“I am”,“es”联想为“you are”(你)——都是简短形式。“Nous sommes” = “we are”——“sommes”听起来像“sum”(总和),因为你在总结自己的身份。

Avoir (to have) – J’ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont. The ‘av‑’ root is clear. ‘J’ai’ is short for ‘I have’; ‘tu as’ sounds like ‘ah’ – you have a surprise: ‘ah!’

avoir(有)—— J’ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont。词根“av‑”很明显。“J’ai”是“我有”的缩写;“tu as”读音像“啊”——你有一个惊喜:“啊!”

Faire (to do/make) – Je fais, tu fais, il/elle fait, nous faisons, vous faites, ils font. Notice ‘nous faisons’ the ‘s’ is pronounced like ‘z’. The word resembles ‘factory’ – a factory makes things. ‘Je fais’ – I make.

faire(做)—— Je fais, tu fais, il/elle fait, nous faisons, vous faites, ils font。注意“nous faisons”中的“s”发“z”音。单词类似“factory”(工厂)——工厂制造东西。“Je fais”——我做。

Aller (to go) – Je vais, tu vas, il/elle va, nous allons, vous allez, ils/elles vont. The ‘v‑’ forms are irregular. Link ‘vais’ to ‘way’ – I go on my way.

aller(去)—— Je vais, tu vas, il/elle va, nous allons, vous allez, ils/elles vont。带“v‑”的形式不规则。将“vais”与“way”(道路)联系——我走我的路。


9. Verb Tense Terminology | 动词时态术语

Le présent (the present tense) – ‘Présent’ looks like a gift. The present tense is a gift – it describes what is happening now. Key pattern: endings ‑e, ‑es, ‑e, ‑ons, ‑ez, ‑ent for regular ‑er verbs.

le présent(现在时)—— “Présent”看起来像礼物(present)。现在时是一种礼物——描述此刻正在发生的动作。关键模式:规则‑er动词词尾为 ‑e, ‑es, ‑e, ‑ons, ‑ez, ‑ent。

Le passé composé (the perfect tense) – ‘Composé’ = composed of two parts: auxiliary (être/avoir) + past participle. Think of a composite material – it has two elements.

le passé composé(复合过去时)—— “Composé”意为由两部分组成:助动词(être/avoir)+ 过去分词。想象一种复合材料——它由两种元素构成。

Le futur proche (the near future) – Going to + infinitive. In French: aller + infinitive. ‘Proche’ means near, so it’s the future that is close. Example: ‘Je vais manger’ – I am going to eat.

le futur proche(最近将来时)—— 英语“going to + 动词原形”。法语:aller + 动词原形。“Proche”意思是近的,因此是近在眼前的将来。例如:“Je vais manger”——我将要吃。

L’imparfait (the imperfect tense) – Used for descriptions in the past and habitual actions. The word ‘imparfait’ means ‘imperfect’ – incomplete. The endings: ‑ais, ‑ais, ‑ait, ‑ions, ‑iez, ‑aient.

l’imparfait(未完成过去时)—— 用于过去的描写和习惯性动作。“Imparfait”意为“未完成的”。词尾:‑ais, ‑ais, ‑ait, ‑ions, ‑iez, ‑aient。


10. Top 10 Memory Techniques | 十大记忆技巧

1. The Linkword Method – Create a vivid mental image connecting the French word to an English word that sounds similar. For ‘poussin’ (chick), imagine a chick pushing a pram.

1. 联结词法—— 创造一个生动的心理图像,将法语单词和发音相似的英语词联系起来。比如“poussin”(小鸡),想象一只小鸡推着婴儿车(pushing a pram)。

2. Grouping by Topic – Cluster vocabulary into themes (school, home, food) to build associative networks. When you recall ‘le tableau’ (board), the whole classroom cluster activates.

2. 话题分组—— 把词汇按主题(学校、家庭、食物)聚类,建立联想网络。当你回忆起“le tableau”(黑板),整个教室词汇群都会被激活。

3. Colour Coding Genders – Write masculine nouns in blue and feminine in pink. This visual cue strengthens gender memory.

3. 性别颜色编码—— 用蓝色写阳性名词,粉色写阴性名词。视觉线索能强化对词性的记忆。

4. The Kinesthetic Approach – Act out verbs: pretend to sleep for ‘dormir’, jump for ‘sauter’. Physical movement encodes memory.

4. 动作记忆法—— 表演动词:假装睡觉记“dormir”,跳跃记“sauter”。身体动作能够编码记忆。

5. Spaced Repetition – Review words after 1 day, 3 days, 7 days. Use apps like Anki or Quizlet to automate the schedule.

5. 间隔重复—— 分别在1天、3天、7天后复习单词。使用Anki或Quizlet等应用自动安排复习计划。

6. Story Chains – Invent a short silly story using the day’s new words. The narrative provides context and humour, making recall easier.

6. 故事链条—— 用当天的新词编一个荒诞的短故事。叙事提供语境和幽默,让回忆更容易。

7. Cognate Spotting – Identify words that look similar to English: ‘la nation’, ‘possible’, ‘la table’. However, watch out for faux amis like ‘actuellement’ (currently, not actually).

7. 识别同源词—— 找出与英语相似的词:“la nation”(国家)、“possible”(可能的)、“la table”(桌子)。但要警惕“假朋友”,如“actuellement”意为“目前”,而非“实际上”。

8. Label Your Environment – Stick Post‑it notes on objects around your house: ‘la porte’ on the door, ‘le miroir’ on the mirror. Constant exposure builds automatic recall.

8. 环境标签法—— 在家中物品上贴便签:“la porte”(门)贴在门上,“le miroir”(镜子)贴在镜子上。持续接触会建立自动回忆。

9. Sound‑Alike Sentences – Make a funny sentence in English that mimics the French pronunciation: for ‘Qu’est‑ce que c’est?’ (What is it?), think “Kesker say?”.

9. 谐音造句—— 用英语编一句模仿法语发音的滑稽句子:对于“Qu’est‑ce que c’est?”(这是什么?),可联想“Kesker say?”。

10. Test Yourself Both Ways – Practise French→English and English→French. Production (recalling the French word) is harder and thus strengthens memory more effectively.

10. 双向自测—— 练习法语→英语和英语→法语。产出环节(回忆法语单词)更难,因此更能有效强化记忆。


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