Year 9 AQA Music: Quick-Reference Vocabulary and Terms Guide | Year 9 AQA 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 9 AQA Music: Quick-Reference Vocabulary and Terms Guide | Year 9 AQA 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your essential quick-reference guide for Year 9 AQA Music terminology. Mastering the key Italian terms and musical element vocabulary now will give you a strong foundation for GCSE. This guide breaks down the must-know words into ten bite-sized sections, complete with memory hooks to help you retain them effortlessly.

欢迎使用这本 Year 9 AQA 音乐词汇速记指南。掌握核心意大利术语和音乐元素词汇，将为 GCSE 打下坚实基础。本指南将必学单词分为十个易掌握的小节，并附有记忆小窍门，帮助你轻松牢记。

1. Dynamics (Volume Terms) | 力度（音量术语）

Pianissimo (pp) means very soft. Think of a gentle whisper that barely disturbs the air. Piano (p) is soft, like a quiet conversation. Mezzo-piano (mp) is moderately soft, a comfortable indoor voice. Mezzo-forte (mf) is moderately loud, like a lively discussion. Forte (f) is loud, a teacher projecting to a class. Fortissimo (ff) means very loud, like a rock concert’s climax.

Pianissimo (pp) 表示很弱，想象轻柔耳语。Piano (p) 弱，如安静交谈。Mezzo-piano (mp) 中弱，舒适的室内说话声。Mezzo-forte (mf) 中强，如热烈的讨论。Forte (f) 强，像老师向全班大声讲话。Fortissimo (ff) 很强，似摇滚音乐会高潮。

Crescendo (cresc.) tells the performer to gradually get louder. Visualise a crescendo as a sound wave swelling up. Diminuendo (dim.) or decrescendo (decresc.) means gradually getting softer. Sforzando (sfz) is a sudden, strong accent on a single note or chord, like a jolt of surprise.

Crescendo (cresc.) 表示渐强，像声波逐渐膨胀。Diminuendo (dim.) 或 decrescendo (decresc.) 表示渐弱。Sforzando (sfz) 指某个音符或和弦上突然的强重音，如同猝不及防的跳动。

2. Tempo (Speed Terms) | 速度术语

Largo means very slow and broad, like a solemn procession. Lento is slow, Adagio is slow and stately, often graceful. Andante means at a walking pace, relaxed but steady. Moderato is a moderate tempo, neither fast nor slow.

Largo 意为非常慢而宽广，如庄严的队列。Lento 慢，Adagio 慢而庄重，常带优雅。Andante 行板，像散步般平稳。Moderato 中板，不急不缓。

Allegro is fast, lively and cheerful. Vivace is lively and brisk, even quicker than allegro. Presto means very fast, like a racecar. Accelerando (accel.) tells you to gradually speed up. Ritardando (rit.) or rallentando (rall.) means gradually slowing down. Ritenuto (riten.) is a sudden slowing. A tempo indicates returning to the original speed after a change.

Allegro 快板，活泼愉快。Vivace 活泼、急速，比快板更快。Presto 急板，非常快，像赛车。Accelerando (accel.) 渐快。Ritardando (rit.) 或 rallentando (rall.) 渐慢。Ritenuto (riten.) 突慢。A tempo 表示回到原速。

3. Articulation & Expression | 演奏法与表情

Legato indicates smooth, connected notes; imagine butter gliding over warm bread. Staccato means short and detached, like raindrops on a tin roof. An accent (>) marks a note to be played with extra force. Marcato means well-marked, each note emphasised. Tenuto (ten.) tells you to hold the note for its full value, often with slight weight.

Legato 连奏，音符圆滑连接，似黄油涂在热面包上。Staccato 断奏，短促分离，如雨滴敲在铁皮棚顶。Accent (>) 重音记号，某个音需要加重。Marcato 清晰地着重，每个音都突显。Tenuto (ten.) 保持音，保持音符完整时值，通常稍微加重。

A slur is a curved line over a group of notes, meaning they should be played legato. A phrase is a musical sentence, often marked by a slur. Fermata (the ‘pause’ symbol) means hold the note longer than its written length. Dolce suggests playing sweetly. Cantabile means in a singing style. Agitato signals agitation and restlessness. Con brio asks for brilliance and fire.

Slur 连线，弧线连接一组音符，表示需连贯演奏。Phrase 乐句，如音乐句子，常用连线标识。Fermata 延长记号，表示停顿或延长。Dolce 甜美地演奏。Cantabile 如歌地。Agitato 激动地、不安地。Con brio 充满活力与热情。

4. Rhythm & Metre | 节奏与节拍

The beat or pulse

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