Year 10 AQA Engineering: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference Guide | Year 10 AQA 工程：公式定理速查手册

📚 Year 10 AQA Engineering: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference Guide | Year 10 AQA 工程：公式定理速查手册

This quick reference handbook compiles essential formulas and theorems for Year 10 AQA Engineering students. Covering mechanics, materials, electrical principles, and mechanical systems, it provides a concise review of the key equations you need to apply in problem-solving and design tasks. Keep it handy for revision and coursework.

这本速查手册为学习 Year 10 AQA 工程的学生整理了必备公式与定理。内容涵盖力学、材料、电学原理和机械系统，以简明的方式呈现你需要用于解决问题和设计任务的关键方程。复习和完成课程作业时可随时查阅。

1. Forces and Linear Motion | 力与直线运动

Newton’s Second Law relates force, mass and acceleration: F = m × a, where F is force in newtons (N), m is mass in kilograms (kg), and a is acceleration in metres per second squared (m/s²). An object will accelerate in the direction of the net force.

牛顿第二定律将力、质量和加速度联系起来：F = m × a，其中 F 是力（牛顿），m 是质量（千克），a 是加速度（米/秒²）。物体将沿合力的方向加速。

The weight of an object is the gravitational force acting on its mass: W = m × g. On Earth, g ≈ 9.8 m/s², often rounded to 10 m/s² for estimations. Weight is measured in newtons.

物体的重量是作用在其质量上的重力：W = m × g。在地球上，g ≈ 9.8 m/s²，估算时常取 10 m/s²。重量以牛顿为单位。

For constant speed motion, average speed is distance divided by time: v = s / t, with s in metres (m), t in seconds (s), and v in m/s. This applies to uniform linear movement.

对于匀速运动，平均速度等于距离除以时间：v = s / t，其中 s 的单位是米 (m)，t 是秒 (s)，v 的单位是 m/s。这适用于匀速直线运动。

2. Moments and Equilibrium | 力矩与平衡

The moment of a force about a pivot is M = F × d, where d is the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force (in metres). Moment is measured in newton-metres (Nm).

力对支点的力矩为 M = F × d，其中 d 是从支点到力作用线的垂直距离（米）。力矩的单位是牛顿·米 (Nm)。

For a system in rotational equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of anticlockwise moments: Σ M_clockwise = Σ M_anticlockwise. Levers and beams follow this principle.

对于处于转动平衡的系统，顺时针力矩之和

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