📚 Year 10 OCR Maths: Essential Terminology Quick Memory Guide | Year 10 OCR 数学核心术语速记指南
Mastering mathematical terminology is essential for success in the Year 10 OCR Mathematics curriculum. From number properties to probability, understanding key terms helps you solve problems, interpret questions correctly and communicate your reasoning effectively. This quick memory guide provides concise definitions of the most important terms you will encounter, arranged by topic for easy revision.
掌握数学术语对于在 Year 10 OCR 数学课程中取得好成绩至关重要。从数的性质到概率，理解关键术语有助于你解决问题、准确审题并有条理地表达推理过程。本速记指南按主题编排，简明扼要地列出你最常遇到的重要术语及其定义，便于复习记忆。
1. Number Types and Operations | 数字类型与运算术语
| English Term & Definition | 中文术语与定义 |
|---|---|
| Integer: A whole number that can be positive, negative or zero, without any fractional or decimal part, e.g. -3, 0, 7. | 整数：能够表示为正数、负数或零的完整数，不含任何分数或小数部分，例如 -3, 0, 7。 |
| Decimal: A number written with a decimal point to separate the whole part from the fractional part, based on powers of ten; for example, 2.75 means 2 units + 7 tenths + 5 hundredths. | 小数：用小数点分隔整数部分和小数部分的数，以十的幂次为基础；例如 2.75 表示 2 个 1 + 7 个 0.1 + 5 个 0.01。 |
| Fraction: A representation of a part of a whole, written as a/b where a is the numerator and b is the denominator. It can be proper (a < b), improper (a ≥ b) or a mixed number. | 分数：表示整体的一部分，写成 a/b 的形式，其中 a 为 分子，b 为 分母。分为真分数 (a < b)、假分数 (a ≥ b) 或带分数。 |
| Numerator: The top number in a fraction, indicating how many equal parts are taken. In 3/8, 3 is the numerator. | 分子：分数中位于上方的数，表示取出多少个等份。在 3/8 中，3 是分子。 |
| Denominator: The bottom number in a fraction, showing the total number of equal parts into which the whole is divided. In 3/8, 8 is the denominator. | 分母：分数中位于下方的数，表示整体被分成的总等份数。在 3/8 中，8 是分母。 |
| Reciprocal: The reciprocal of a number is 1 divided by that number. For a fraction a/b, its reciprocal is b/a. The product of a number and its reciprocal is always 1 (except 0). | 倒数：一个数的倒数就是 1 除以该数。对于分数 a/b，其倒数为 b/a。一个数与其倒数的乘积恒为 1（0 除外）。 |
| Prime number: A whole number greater than 1 that has exactly two distinct factors: 1 and itself. Examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11. | 质数（素数）：大于 1 且恰好只有两个不同因数的整数：1 和它本身。例如 2, 3, 5, 7, 11。 |
| Factor: A number that divides another number exactly without leaving a remainder. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12. | 因数：能整除另一个数而没有余数的数。例如 12 的因数有 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12。 |
| Multiple: The result of multiplying a number by an integer. The multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, … | 倍数：一个数与整数相乘的积。例如 3 的倍数有 3, 6, 9, 12, … |
| Highest common factor (HCF): The largest factor that is common to two or more numbers. For 18 and 24, the HCF is 6. | 最大公因数 (HCF)：两个或多个数共有的最大的因数。18 和 24 的最大公因数是 6。 |
| Lowest common multiple (LCM): The smallest multiple that is common to two or more numbers. For 4 and 6, the LCM is 12. | 最小公倍数 (LCM)：两个或多个数共有的最小的倍数。4 和 6 的最小公倍数是 12。 |
| Significant figure (s.f.): A digit that contributes to the precision of a number. When rounding to a given number of significant figures, you start counting from the first non‑zero digit. For 0.003045, the first significant figure is 3. | 有效数字：对数值的精确度有意义的数字。舍入到指定有效数字位数时，从第一个非零数字开始计数。对于 0.003045，第一个有效数字是 3。 |
| Standard form: A way of writing very large or very small numbers in the form a × 10ⁿ where 1 ≤ a < 10 and n is an integer. Example: 6.02 × 10²³. | 更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
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