Case Study Practice for Year 11 CIE Chinese | 案例分析实战演练

📚 Case Study Practice for Year 11 CIE Chinese | 案例分析实战演练

Mastering case study questions is crucial for success in the CIE IGCSE Chinese exam. Whether you are responding to a stimulus text in a speech or a letter, the ability to analyse, adapt and apply information determines your grade. This guide offers step-by-step strategies and two full worked examples to sharpen your skills.

掌握案例分析题是 CIE IGCSE 中文考试成功的关键。无论你是针对一篇阅读材料写演讲稿还是信函，分析、改编和运用信息的能力都将决定你的分数。本指南提供分步策略和两个完整范例，助你磨炼技能。

1. Understanding the Case Study Task | 理解案例分析要求

In CIE IGCSE First Language Chinese (0509) Paper 1, Question 2 typically presents a source text of about 400-500 characters, followed by a directed writing task. The prompt asks you to adopt a specific role and write a text such as a speech, letter, or article. This is a real-life case study: you must extract, evaluate and reshape information to fit the new context.

在 CIE IGCSE 中文第一语言 (0509) 试卷一的第二题中，通常会提供一篇约 400–500 字的阅读材料，然后要求完成指导性写作。题目会让你扮演特定角色，撰写演讲稿、信函或文章等。这就是一个真实的案例分析：你必须提取、评估信息，并将其重新组织以适应新的语境。

The examiner looks for accurate understanding of the source, sensible selection of details, clear structure, and your own voice where appropriate. Even though you are working with a given case, your response should show independent thinking.

考官看重对原文的准确理解、对材料的合理选用、清晰的结构以及恰当的自我表达。即使你处理的是给定的案例，你的答案也应体现出独立思考。

2. Interpreting the Case Material | 解读案例材料

Start by reading the source text twice. First, read for the overall situation and the writer’s standpoint. Second, underline or annotate: key facts, statistics, causes, effects, and any suggestions. Pay close attention to emotional tone – is the case critical, supportive, worried, or optimistic? This tone will influence your own writing.

先将源材料阅读两遍。第一遍把握整体情境和作者立场。第二遍划出或标注：关键事实、数据、原因、后果以及建议。密切关注情感基调——案例是批评的、支持的、担忧的，还是乐观的？这种基调会影响你自己的写作。

For example, if the source describes a local environmental problem, you might note: cause (factory emissions), effect (river pollution, falling fish stocks), emotional words (alarming, urgent), and a proposed solution (stricter laws). These become your building blocks.

比如，如果源材料描述了某个地方的环境问题，你可能会记录：原因（工厂排放）、后果（河水污染、鱼量减少）、情感词汇（令人震惊、迫在眉睫）以及建议方案（更严厉的法律）。这些就是你的写作素材。

Do not simply copy long phrases; summarise in your head. The case is not a script to repeat but a springboard for your own task.

不要大段照抄原文；在脑中自行归纳。案例不是让你复述的脚本，而是你完成任务的起点。

3. Extracting Key Arguments | 提炼关键论点

After interpreting the case, list 2-3 main arguments that must appear in your answer. In a directed writing task, your arguments should address the core problem and the required stance. For instance, if you are writing a speech to parents about reducing student stress, your arguments might be: (1) evidence of stress from the case, (2) consequences of ignoring it, and (3) practical steps.

解读源材料后，列出必须在你的答案中出现的 2–3 个主要论点。在指导性写作中，你的论点应围绕核心问题和题目要求的立场展开。比如，你正给家长写一篇关于减轻学生压力的演讲稿，你的论点可以是：(1) 案例中体现的压力证据、(2) 忽视压力的后果、(3) 可行的措施。

Always link each argument back to the source – use phrases like As mentioned in the report … or The survey reveals that … This demonstrates your analytical ability and prevents you from drifting off-topic.

始终将每个论点与源材料挂钩——使用诸如报告中提到…… 或调查显示…… 的表达。这体现了你的分析能力，避免跑题。

If the task requires you to disagree with a viewpoint in the case, summarise that viewpoint first, then counter it with logic and further evidence from the material. Use the case as both support and a target for evaluation.

如果题目要求你反对案例中的某个观点，先概括该观点，再用逻辑和材料中的其他信息来反驳。将案例既作为支撑，也作为评价的对象。

4. Analysing the Task Requirements and Format | 分析写作要求与格式

Before writing anything, highlight the task words: ‘write a speech’, ‘compose a formal letter’, ‘draft an article for the school magazine’. Each genre has its own conventions. A speech needs an engaging opening, rhetorical questions, and a clear sign-off. A formal letter requires addresses, date, salutation, and a polite closing.

动笔之前，先圈出任务关键词：写一篇演讲稿、写一封正式信函、为校刊撰写文章等。每种体裁都有其规范。演讲稿需要一个吸引人的开头、反问句以及清晰的结束语。正式信函需要地址、日期、称呼和礼貌的结尾。

Equally important is the audience. A speech to students can be more casual and direct; a letter to the local council must be respectful and persuasive. The format and register you choose demonstrate your ability to adapt language to purpose.

同样重要的是读者对象。面向学生的演讲可以更直接、口语化；致地方议会的信函则必须尊重、有说服力。你所选的格式和语体体现了你根据目的调整语言的能力。

Genre	Key Features	体裁	关键特征
Speech	Direct address, rhetorical questions, personal anecdotes	演讲稿	直接称呼、反问、个人经历
Formal Letter	Addresses, date, formal salutation, structured paragraphs, polite close	正式信函	地址、日期、正式称呼、段落分明、礼貌结尾
Article	Engaging title, introduction with hook, subheadings, balanced view	文章	吸引人的标题、开头钩子、小标题、观点平衡

5. Building an Answer Framework | 构建答案框架

Plan your answer in a quick outline before writing. A classic structure for case-based tasks is: Opening (state role and purpose), Body (2-3 arguments supported by case evidence), and Conclusion (call to action or summary). Allocate proportionally: about 15% for opening, 70% for body, 15% for closing.

写作前快速列出提纲。案例分析题的经典结构为：开头（表明身份与目的）、主体（2–3 个论点，附案例证据支持）、结尾（呼吁行动或总结）。篇幅比重大致为：开头 15%，主体 70%，结尾 15%。

In the body, follow the PEEL model: Point, Evidence from case, Explanation, Link back to task. This keeps your analysis tight and prevents rambling. For a letter proposing a new school recycling programme, your point might be ‘Our school produces excessive waste’; evidence: ‘The audit shows 200 kg daily’; explanation: ‘This harms the environment and costs money’; link: ‘Therefore, we must act.’

主体部分遵循 PEEL 模型：论点、案例证据、解释、回扣任务。这能让分析紧凑，避免散乱。例如在一封提议学校建立回收计划的信中，你的论点可以是我校产生过多垃圾；证据：审计显示日均 200 公斤；解释：这破坏环境且浪费资金；回扣：因此我们必须采取行动。

Your framework also includes notes on tone and transitional phrases. Even a rough plan saves time and improves coherence, especially under exam pressure.

框架还应包含语气和过渡短语的提示。即便只是粗略的计划，也能节省时间并提升连贯性，尤其在考试压力下。

6. Using Evidence from the Text | 引用原文支撑论点

Effective use of the source distinguishes a top-grade answer. Quote short, impactful phrases rather than entire sentences. If the case says ‘70% of residents reported noise pollution’, embed it as: According to the survey, seven out of ten residents suffer from noise pollution.

有效运用源材料是高分答案的标志。引用简短、有力的短语，而不是大段抄写。如果案例中说 70% 的居民反映噪音污染，可以嵌入为：调查表明，每十位居民中就有七位受到噪音污染困扰.

Always introduce evidence with a signal phrase: The report highlights that …, As the article points out, …, Data from the local council shows … This shows you have digested the material and can select relevant details.

始终用提示语引出证据：报告强调……、正如文章所指出的……、地方议会的数据显示…… 这表明你已消化材料并能有针对性地选取细节。

Be careful not to distort the original meaning. If the case mentions a ‘decline of 5%’, do not exaggerate it to ‘a massive collapse’. Accuracy maintains your credibility as a writer.

注意不要扭曲原意。如果案例中提到下降了 5%，不要夸大为大幅崩盘。准确性维护你作为作者的公信力。

7. Adapting Language and Style | 调整语言与风格

Your answer should sound authentic to the context. A speech to fellow students can include contractions, idioms like ‘let’s face it’, and inclusive pronouns ‘we’, ‘us’. A letter to the headteacher should be more restrained, using phrases such as ‘I would like to draw your attention to’ and ‘I respectfully suggest’.

你的答案应与其语境契合。对同学演讲可以用口语词、成语如说实话，以及我们等包容性代词。致校长的信则应更克制，使用诸如我想提请您注意和我谨建议等表达。

Vocabulary choice is vital. Replace bland words with precise ones: instead of ‘bad’, use ‘harmful’ or ‘detrimental’; instead of ‘good’, use ‘beneficial’ or ‘effective’. However, do not force overly formal language if the task requires a friendly tone.

词汇选择至关重要。用精准的词替代平淡的词：不说不好，而说有害的或不利的；不说好，而说有益的或有效的。但是，如果任务要求亲切的语气，不要强行使用过于正式的语言。

Rhetorical devices add flair: rhetorical questions engage the audience (‘How would you feel?’); tripling emphasises a point (‘We must reduce, reuse, and recycle.’); and anecdote makes the case personal. Use them where appropriate but sparingly.

修辞手法可以增色：反问句吸引听众（你会作何感想？）；三连排比强调要点（我们要减量、重用、回收）；小故事让案例更个人化。恰当使用，但不要过度。

8. Common Pitfalls to Avoid | 常见错误避坑

Many students fall into the trap of simply summarising the source in their own task. This loses marks for content and analysis. Your job is to apply the case, not retell it. Another frequent mistake is ignoring the required format – a speech that reads like an essay or a letter without a proper closing.

许多学生会陷入在任务中简单概括源材料的陷阱。这会丢失内容与分析分。你的任务是运用案例，而不是复述。另一常见错误是无视要求的格式——演讲稿读起来像议论文，或信函缺少恰当的结尾。

Avoid overwriting and going off on tangents. Each paragraph must serve the task. If the prompt asks for solutions, do not spend two paragraphs describing the problem. Equally, do not invent facts not supported by the case – stick to what is given and your reasonable inferences.

避免过度发挥和枝节横生。每一段都必须服务于任务。如果题目要求提出解决方案，不要花整整两段去描述问题。同样，不要编造案例并未提供的数据——紧扣给定信息并作出合理推断。

Finally, poor time management often leads to an unfinished answer. Practise completing a case-based task within 35-40 minutes, leaving 5 minutes for review. Use a timer in your practice sessions.

最后，时间管理不善常导致答案未写完。练习在 35–40 分钟内完成一道案例分析题，留出 5 分钟检查。练习时使用计时器。

9. Timed Practice and Exam Strategies | 计时练习与考试策略

In the real exam, you have roughly 45-50 minutes for the case study question. Dedicate the first 8-10 minutes to reading the source and planning. This investment pays off by giving you a clear direction. Jumping straight into writing often results in a disorganised answer.

真正考试中，你大约有 45–50 分钟完成案例分析题。前 8–10 分钟专门用来阅读材料和规划。这段时间的投入会换来清晰的思路，物有所值。仓促动笔往往导致答案混乱。

Develop a personal checklist: Format confirmed? Audience clear? 2-3 key arguments identified? Evidence selected? Tone appropriate? Run through this mentally before you begin writing. It acts as a safety net.

形成你的个人检查清单：格式确认了吗？读者对象清楚了吗？确定了 2–3 个关键论点吗？证据选好了吗？语气恰当吗？动笔前在心里过一遍，这是一道安全网。

Save the last 5 minutes for reading your answer as if you were the examiner. Check for missing format elements, unnatural phrasing, and correct character writing. A neat, complete answer impresses.

最后 5 分钟用来以考官视角通读答案。检查遗漏的格式元素、不自然的表达以及正确的汉字书写。一份整洁、完整的答案令人印象深刻。

10. Sample Walkthrough 1: Speech | 实战演练样例1：演讲稿

Case material (source text excerpt): 本校食堂目前每日丢弃约50公斤食物，浪费严重。许多学生表示菜式不合口味，排队时间过长导致他们选择外卖。家长协会建议增设自助沙拉吧和延长午餐时间。校长则认为预算有限，需先调查学生偏好再作决定。

Task: As a student council member, write a speech to the school management team proposing a solution to reduce food waste.

任务：作为学生会成员，向学校管理层写一篇演讲稿，提议减少食物浪费的解决方案。

Step 1 – Analyse the case: key data (50 kg daily waste), causes (unappetising food, long queues, rise in takeaways), suggestions (salad bar, longer break), and a constraint (tight budget). The tone is concerned but collaborative.

步骤一：分析案例——关键数据（每日浪费 50 公斤）、原因（菜式不合口味、排队过长、外卖增加）、建议（增设沙拉吧、延长午休），以及制约因素（预算有限）。基调是担忧但合作的。

Step 2 – Plan your speech structure: Opening – greet the panel, state your role and purpose. Body 1 – present the waste problem using the 50 kg figure. Body 2 – explain causes with student feedback. Body 3 – propose a phased solution: a trial salad bar (low cost) and a survey on preferences. Conclusion – urge action, emphasise shared benefits.

步骤二：规划演讲结构——开头：问候评审组，表明身份和目的。主体 1：用 50 公斤数据呈现浪费问题。主体 2：借助学生反馈解释原因。主体 3：提出分阶段方案：低成本试设沙拉吧，同时开展偏好调查。结尾：呼吁行动，强调共同获益。

You would then draft the speech, embedding phrases like Our canteen daily discards an alarming 50 kilograms of food … and To address this, we propose a trial salad bar which requires minimal upfront cost …

然后起草演讲稿，融入类似我们食堂每日丢弃高达 50 公斤的食物…… 以及为解决此问题，我们提议以极低的前期成本试设沙拉吧…… 等语句。

11. Sample Walkthrough 2: Formal Letter | 实战演练样例2：正式信函

Case material: 社区图书馆因读者量持续下降面临关闭危机。调查显示，年轻人主要使用电子书，而老年读者抱怨数字设备不足且缺乏协助。馆方正考虑将部分空间改为社区咖啡馆以增加收入，但居民担心失去安静的阅读区。

Task: Write a formal letter to the local council expressing your views and suggesting ways to keep the library open. You are a resident and regular user.

任务：作为居民和常驻用户，给地方议会写一封正式信函，表达你的看法并就如何维持图书馆运营提出建议。

Analyse: declining visitors, generational divide in reading habits, elderly need tech support, proposal for a café might compromise quiet space. You need to balance support for the library’s survival with preservation of its core function.

分析：读者量下降、阅读习惯存在代际差异、老年人需要技术支持、咖啡厅提议可能影响安静空间。你需要在支持图书馆生存与保留其核心功能之间取得平衡。

Plan the letter: Sender’s address, date, council’s address. Salutation: Dear Sir or Madam. Para 1: state purpose. Para 2: acknowledge the crisis and the digital shift, using case data. Para 3: argue that a café could fund essential services but must be soundproofed. Para 4: suggest a digital literacy programme for seniors and a dedicated quiet zone. Para 5: conclude with a polite request for consideration.

规划信函：寄信人地址、日期、议会地址。称呼：敬启者。第一段：表明目的。第二段：用案例数据承认危机和数字化趋势。第三段：论述咖啡厅可为必要服务筹资，但必须隔音。第四段：提议为长者开设数字素养项目，并保留专用安静区。第五段：礼貌地请求考虑。

In your draft, you might write: While I understand the council’s wish to modernise, a well-designed café with sound insulation could generate revenue while protecting study areas. Then show concrete suggestions: a weekly tech-help session and partitions to separate social and quiet zones.

写稿时，你可以写道：我理解议会希望现代化改造，但配有隔音设施的精心设计的咖啡厅既能创收，又能保护学习区。然后给出具体建议：如每周一次的技术帮助时段，以及分隔社交区和安静区的隔断。

12. Summary and Next Steps | 总结与后续练习

Case study questions reward thoughtful analysis, structured planning and judicious use of source material. Practise with past papers and time yourself. After writing, compare your answer with the mark scheme and your own checklist. Focus on improving one area at a time, such as stronger introductions or better evidence integration.

案例分析题奖励细致的分析、有条理的规划以及对源材料的审慎运用。利用历年真题进行计时练习。写完后，将你的答案与评分标准及个人检查清单对照。每次集中改进一个方面，比如更强的开头或更好的证据整合。

Regular practice transforms the case study from a daunting challenge into a familiar routine. Keep a bank of useful phrases for each genre, and review them before the exam. With disciplined preparation, you will walk into the exam hall confident and ready to excel.

定期练习能让案例分析从可怕的挑战变为熟悉的流程。为每种体裁建立一个常用表达库，并在考前复习。通过有素的准备，你将自信地走进考场，从容斩获高分。

Published by TutorHao | CIE IGCSE Chinese Revision Series | aleveler.com

更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）

Case Study Practice for Year 11 CIE Chinese | 案例分析实战演练