SQA Drama Vocabulary Quick Memorisation Guide | SQA 戏剧词汇术语速记指南

📚 SQA Drama Vocabulary Quick Memorisation Guide | SQA 戏剧词汇术语速记指南

Mastering drama terminology is essential for success in SQA Year 11 Drama. This guide provides a structured approach to memorising key vocabulary across performance, design and analysis, helping you communicate effectively in written exams and practical work. Each term is presented with a concise definition followed by a memory tip to anchor your learning.

掌握戏剧术语是 SQA 十一年级戏剧课程成功的关键。本指南提供了一种结构化的方法来记忆表演、设计与分析中的核心词汇，帮助你在笔试和实践中有效表达。每个术语均配有简明定义与记忆提示，让学习更加牢固。

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1. Acting and Characterisation | 表演与角色塑造

Hot seating – An actor stays in role while others fire questions to explore the character’s backstory, desires and secrets. This deepens empathy and spontaneous response. Tip: imagine the character is on a talk show — the pressure forces truthful answers.

热板凳 – 演员保持角色状态接受他人提问，以此挖掘角色的背景、欲望和秘密，能够加深共情和即兴反应。记忆法：想象角色正参加脱口秀，压力会逼出真实答案。

Role on the wall – A drawn outline of a figure is filled with words: internal feelings inside, external facts outside. It creates a visible mind map of the character. Tip: treat the outline like a detective board — place clues where they belong.

墙上角色 – 画出人物轮廓，在内部填写内心感受，在外部填写外貌和事实，形成可视化的角色思维导图。记忆法：把轮廓当作侦探板，将线索分门别类摆放。

Thought tracking – The action freezes and a character speaks their inner monologue aloud, revealing hidden thoughts to the audience. Tip: think of it as a ‘pause button’ that unlocks a character’s private commentary.

思维追踪 – 动作静止时角色大声说出内心独白，向观众坦白隐藏的想法。记忆法：就像按下暂停键，开启角色的私密解说。

Given circumstances – The specific time, place, social environment and situation the playwright creates for a character. All acting choices must align with these. Tip: remember it as the ‘GPS coordinates’ of the character’s world.

规定情境 – 剧作家为角色设定的时间、地点、社会环境与具体处境，所有表演决策都须立足于此。记忆法：把它当作角色世界的“GPS 坐标”。

Subtext – The unspoken meaning beneath the lines — what a character truly thinks but does not say. Tip: subtext is like an iceberg; the dialogue is only the visible tip.

潜台词 – 台词之下未说出的含义，即角色真正所想但未明言的内容。记忆法：潜台词像冰山，对话只是露出水面的一角。

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2. Voice Techniques | 声音技巧

Projection – Using breath control and resonance to make the voice fill the performance space without strain or shouting. Tip: aim your voice at the back wall as if sending a laser beam.

投射 – 运用呼吸控制与共鸣，使声音充盈整个演出空间而不费力喊叫。记忆法：将声音像激光束一样瞄准后排墙壁。

Pitch – The highness or lowness of sound. Varying pitch expresses emotion and indicates character status. Tip: think of pitch as a musical scale — higher for excitement, lower for authority.

音高 – 声音的高低。改变音高可以表达情绪和角色的地位。记忆法：把音高想象成音阶——越高代表兴奋，越低代表威严。

Pace – The speed at which lines are delivered. Fast pace can signal urgency or panic, slow pace can suggest importance or menace. Tip: link pace to heartbeat — it reveals emotional tempo.

语速 – 台词的表达速度。快速可表现紧迫或慌乱，慢速则暗示庄重或威胁。记忆法：语速与心跳挂钩，它能透露情绪的节拍。

Tone – The emotional quality carried by the voice, such as warmth, sarcasm or hostility. Tip: tone colours the words; imagine painting each line with a different emotional colour.

语气 – 声音携带的情感特质，如温暖、讽刺或敌意。记忆法：语气为词语着色，想象用不同的情感色彩涂抹每一句台词。

Articulation – The clarity of speech, achieved by precise use of tongue, lips and jaw. Crisp articulation ensures every word is understood. Tip: imagine your mouth is a printer — each consonant must be sharp and clear.

吐字 – 通过精准运用舌头、嘴唇与下颌，使语音清晰可辨。清晰的咬字确保每个词语都能被听懂。记忆法：把嘴巴想象成打印机，每个辅音都要锐利分明。

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3. Movement and Physicality | 动作与肢体语言

Body language – The non-verbal signals sent by posture, gesture and facial expression. It often reveals more than words. Tip: think of the body as a silent narrator that never stops speaking.

肢体语言 – 通过姿势、手势和面部表情发出的非语言信号，往往比台词透露得更多。记忆法：将身体看作一位永不沉默的叙述者。

Gesture – A purposeful movement of a body part to communicate meaning, such as a wave, point or clenched fist. Tip: each gesture is a full stop — use it to punctuate your meaning.

手势 – 身体部位的有目的运动，用以传达含义，如挥手、指点或握拳。记忆法：每个手势都是一个句号，用它为意图加上标点。

Posture – The way the body is held sitting, standing or moving. It instantly conveys status, age and attitude. Tip: posture is the character’s architecture — tall columns suggest power, slouched frame suggests defeat.

姿势 – 身体在坐、站、行走时的支架形态，能瞬间传达地位、年龄和态度。记忆法：姿势是角色的建筑——笔直如柱暗示权力，佝偻则暗示挫败。

Blocking – The planned movement and positioning of actors on stage, decided in rehearsal. It helps tell the story visually and ensures sightlines. Tip: blocking is like choreographing a dance — every step has reason.

舞台走位 – 排练中确定的演员在舞台上的移动与定位，帮助视觉化讲述故事并确保观众视线。记忆法：走位就像编排舞蹈，每一步都有原因。

Stage combat – Choreographed fighting that looks real but is safe. It requires precise timing, control and trust. Tip: it is a illusion of violence — think of it as a partnered magic trick.

舞台打斗 – 精心编排的搏斗表演，看似真实却安全无害，需要精确的时机、控制与信任。记忆法：这是一种暴力幻象，就像双人合演的魔术。

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4. Stage Spaces and Directions | 舞台空间与方位

Proscenium arch – A framed opening that separates the stage from the auditorium, creating a ‘picture frame’ effect. Tip: visualise a giant picture frame through which the audience watches.

镜框式舞台 – 将舞台与观众席分隔的框形开口，形成“画框”效果。记忆法：想象一个巨大的画框，观众透过它观看演出。

Thrust stage – A platform extending into the audience, with spectators on three sides. It increases intimacy. Tip: picture a peninsula of performance jutting into a sea of people.

伸出式舞台 – 向观众席突出的平台，三面围坐观众，能增强亲密感。记忆法：想象一个表演的“半岛”伸入人群的海洋。

In-the-round – A stage completely surrounded by the audience. Actors must move constantly to share focus. Tip: think of a sports arena — there is no ‘front’, only 360-degree awareness.

圆形剧场 – 舞台被观众完全环绕，演员须不断转动以分享焦点。记忆法：想象体育场，没有“正面”，需要360度警觉。

Upstage – The area of the stage furthest from the audience. Historically it was actually raised (raked stage). Moving upstage can make a character seem distant. Tip: ‘up’ means away — like climbing a hill away from the audience.

后舞台 – 离观众最远的舞台区域，历史上该处实际垫高。走向后区会让角色显得疏远。记忆法：“后”意味着远离，就像爬上远离观众的山坡。

Downstage – The area closest to the audience. Actions here carry more weight and intimacy. Tip: ‘down’ is down towards the audience, who are at the bottom of the slope.

前舞台 – 最靠近观众的区域，此处的动作更具份量与亲密感。记忆法：“前”是沿着斜坡下到观众面前。

Centre stage – The middle area of the performance space, commanding the strongest focus and visual importance. Tip: centre is the magnet — it pulls the audience’s eye naturally.

舞台中心 – 表演空间的中间区域，视觉焦点最强，重要性最高。记忆法：中心是磁铁，自然吸引观众目光。

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5. Set Design and Props | 布景设计与道具

Cyclorama – A large curved white backdrop at the rear of the stage, used for sky effects and colour washes. Tip: think of it as a blank canvas that lighting transforms.

弧形天幕 – 舞台后部的大型白色弧形背景，用于营造天空效果和色光洗墙。记忆法：把它想象成灯光挥洒的空白画布。

Flats – Lightweight wooden frames covered with canvas or plywood, painted to represent walls, scenery or surfaces. Tip: flats are the building blocks of stage illusion — like giant jigsaw pieces.

景片 – 轻质木架上覆盖帆布或胶合板，经绘画后表现墙壁或景物。记忆法：景片是舞台幻觉的积木，像巨型拼图块。

Rostra – Raised platforms that create different levels on stage, adding visual interest and highlighting status. Tip: height equals power — think of rostra as stage ‘thrones’.

平台 – 抬高的台面，可在舞台上创造不同高度，增加视觉趣味并突显地位。记忆法：高度即权力，把平台看作舞台上的“宝座”。

Practical props – Objects that actually function — a working light switch, a real kettle, a door that opens. They ground the scene in reality. Tip: unless specified, assume a prop is practical if it is used. Remember ‘practical’ = really works.

实用道具 – 真正能运作的物品，如能亮的灯、能烧水的壶、能开的门，为场景增添真实感。记忆法：“实用”即真的能用，无需假装。

Set dressing – Decorative items added to make the environment feel lived-in, such as books, flowers or framed photos. They rarely affect the plot but build atmosphere. Tip: set dressing is the seasoning — it makes the set ‘taste’ real.

布景装饰 – 添加的装饰性物品，如书籍、鲜花或相框，营造生活感，虽不推动剧情但能塑造氛围。记忆法：布景装饰是调味料，让场景“尝”起来真实。

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6. Lighting Terminology | 灯光术语

Blackout – A sudden total absence of light, used for scene endings or dramatic punctuation. Tip: blackout equals a full stop — it ends the visual sentence.

黑场 – 突然完全的黑暗，用于场景结束或戏剧性强调。记忆法：黑场等于句号，终结视觉语句。

Cross-fade – A smooth transition where one lighting state fades out as the next fades in, blending moments seamlessly. Tip: imagine the lights dissolving like sugar in water.

交叉淡变 – 一种灯光的平滑转换，一个光区淡出同时另一个淡入，无缝衔接。记忆法：想象光线像糖一样在水中溶解。

Gobo – A metal or glass stencil placed inside a spotlight to project patterns, such as leaves, windows or abstract textures. Tip: think ‘goes before optics’ — it shapes the light before it leaves the lantern.

图案片 – 置于聚光灯内的金属或玻璃模板，投射出树叶、窗户或抽象纹理等图案。记忆法：它在光线射出前为光造型——“goes before optics”。

Gel – A coloured sheet of heat-resistant plastic placed in front of a light to tint the beam. Tip: gel is the paintbrush of lighting — it colours the stage.

色片 – 置于灯具前的耐热彩色薄膜，为光束着色。记忆法：色片是灯光的画笔，为舞台涂色。

Floodlight – A lantern producing a broad, soft wash of light, covering large areas. Used for general illumination. Tip: a flood is like a watering can — it covers broadly, not a narrow jet.

泛光灯 – 产生宽阔柔和光区的灯具，用于大面积铺光。记忆法：泛光就像洒水壶，大面积浇灌而非细流喷射。

Spotlight – A lantern with a sharp, focused beam, used to highlight a specific actor or object. Tip: it is the highlighter pen of the lighting rig — it underlines what matters.

聚光灯 – 光束锐利集中的灯具，用于突出特定演员或物体。记忆法：它是灯架上的荧光笔，为重点加下划线。

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7. Sound Design | 音效设计

Diegetic sound – Sound originating from within the world of the play, such as a radio playing or footsteps. The characters can hear it. Tip: think ‘diegetic’ = ‘dialogue heard by characters’.

剧情内音效 – 源自戏剧世界内部的声音，如收音机播放或脚步声，剧中角色可以听到。记忆法：角色听得到的就是剧情内。

Non-diegetic sound – Sound added for the audience’s experience only, such as a dramatic underscore or voiceover narration. Tip: if the actors ignore it, it is non-diegetic.

剧情外音效 – 仅为观众体验添加的声音，如戏剧性配乐或旁白，角色听不到。记忆法：演员无视的声音就是剧情外。

Soundscape – A layered composition of ambient sounds that establishes location, mood or time. It can be realistic or abstract. Tip: a soundscape is an audio landscape painting.

音境 – 由环境音叠加构成的声音组合，用于建立地点、情绪或时间，可写实可抽象。记忆法：音境就是声音的风景画。

Underscoring – Music played quietly under dialogue or action to underscore the emotional tone, often without the characters noticing. Tip: underscoring is the emotional carpet beneath the words.

背景配乐 – 在台词或动作下方轻声播放的音乐，烘托情绪基调，角色通常觉察不到。记忆法：配乐是铺垫在词语下方的情绪地毯。

SFX (Sound Effects) – Recorded or live sounds such as thunder, gunshots or a phone ring that support the action. Tip: SFX are the punctuation marks of aural storytelling — they surprise, warn or resolve.

音效 – 录制或现场制造的声响，如雷声、枪响或电话铃，用以支持剧情。记忆法：音效是听觉叙事的标点符号——它们惊吓、警告或终结。

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8. Costume, Make-up and Mask | 服装、化妆与面具

Period costume – Clothing that accurately reflects a specific historical era, aiding believability and context. Tip: think of it as wearing a history book — every stitch tells a story.

时代服装 – 精确反映特定历史时期的衣着，增强真实感与语境。记忆法：就像穿上一本历史书，每道缝线都在讲述故事。

Symbolic costume – Garments chosen for their metaphorical meaning rather than realism, e.g. a white robe for purity. Tip: colour and shape become code — red might signal danger, a cloak might suggest mystery.

象征性服装 – 基于隐喻意义而非写实选择的衣物，如白袍代表纯洁。记忆法：颜色与形状成为密码，红色暗示危险，斗篷暗示神秘。

Make-up design – The planned use of cosmetics to highlight facial features, age an actor or create special effects. It can be naturalistic or stylised. Tip: make-up is the face’s costume — it transforms identity.

化妆设计 – 有计划地使用化妆品突显面部特征、老化年龄或创造特殊效果，可自然可风格化。记忆法：化妆是脸部的服装，它改变身份。

Prosthetics – Sculpted pieces applied to the skin to alter appearance, such as false noses, scars or horns. Tip: prosthetics are 3D art worn on the body — they sculpt a new reality.

假体化妆 – 贴在皮肤上的雕塑件，用以改变容貌，如假鼻子、伤疤或犄角。记忆法：假体是穿在身上的三维艺术，雕塑出新的真实。

Mask work – Performance using masks to restrict facial expression, forcing the actor to communicate through body and voice. Masks can be neutral, character or half masks. Tip: the mask hides the face but reveals the soul — body must speak louder.

面具表演 – 使用面具遮住面部，迫使演员通过身体和声音传达情感，面具可分中性、角色或半面。记忆法：面具遮住面容却揭示灵魂，肢体必须呐喊。

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9. Rehearsal and Production Process | 排练与制作流程

Read-through – The first rehearsal where the cast sit and read the script aloud, often followed by discussion. Tip: this is the blueprint viewing — everything starts here.

通读 – 全体演员

Published by TutorHao | Year 11 戏剧 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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