Vocabulary & Terminology Quick-Memorisation Guide | 词汇术语速记指南

📚 Vocabulary & Terminology Quick-Memorisation Guide | 词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your go-to revision resource for mastering French vocabulary and terminology at Year 13 CIE level. This guide provides concise, high-impact strategies to expand your lexicon, tackle exam-specific terms, and boost your confidence in both written and spoken tasks.

欢迎阅读你的首选复习资源,专为Year 13 CIE法语考试设计,助你掌握词汇与术语。本指南提供简练高效的策略,拓展词汇量,攻克考试专用表述,提升你在书面和口语任务中的信心。

1. Understanding Word Genders: Masculine vs Feminine | 理解词汇性别:阳性 vs 阴性

Gender in French is not always intuitive, but many word endings offer reliable clues. Recognising these patterns helps you avoid agreement errors in writing and speaking.

法语中名词的性别并非总是直觉可辨,但许多词尾提供了可靠的线索。识别这些规律有助于你在写作和口语中避免性数配合的错误。

Words ending in -tion, -sion, -té, -ette, -euse are usually feminine. Meanwhile, endings like -age, -ment, -eau, -isme, -oir tend to be masculine.

-tion, -sion, -té, -ette, -euse 结尾的单词通常是阴性。而以 -age, -ment, -eau, -isme, -oir 结尾的则多为阳性。

Ending (词尾) Gender (性别) Examples (示例)
-tion Feminine (阴性) la nation, la révision
-té Feminine la liberté, la beauté
-age Masculine (阳性) le courage, le visage
-eau Masculine le bateau, le château

For words that defy these rules, create mnemonic clusters: e.g. la main, la fin, la tour as a feminine trio, and le bonheur, le malheur, le coucher as a masculine set.

对于不符合这些规则的词,创建记忆群组:例如把 la main, la fin, la tour 记成阴性三人组,把 le bonheur, le malheur, le coucher 作为阳性集合。


2. Recognising Cognates & False Friends | 识别同源词与“假朋友”

Cognates are words that share a common origin and look similar across French and English. They can speed up your reading comprehension, but you must stay alert for false friends that lead to mistranslation.

同源词指在法语和英语中形态相似且来源相同的词汇,它们能加速你的阅读理解,但你必须对导致误译的“假朋友”保持警惕。

True friends such as une illusion, moderne, respecter, l’horizon can often be guessed at sight. False friends, however, look deceptively familiar: actuellement means ‘currently’, not ‘actually’; sensible means ‘sensitive’, not ‘sensible’.

une illusion, moderne, respecter, l’horizon 这样的真朋友通常能一眼猜出意思。而假朋友则具有欺骗性的熟悉感:actuellement 意为“目前”,而非“实际上”;sensible 指的是“敏感的”,而不是“明智的”。

French (法语) English Mistake (英语误译) Actual Meaning (真实含义)
actuellement actually currently
travailler travel to work
librairie library bookshop
location location rental

Maintain a dedicated ‘false friends’ list and test yourself by writing sentences that illustrate the correct meaning.

保留一份专属的“假朋友”清单,并通过写句子来练习正确含义,以此进行自测。


3. Mastering Verb Conjugation Terminology | 掌握动词变位术语

CIE exam questions often use French metalanguage. Knowing terms like l’infinitif, le subjonctif, le gérondif will help you decode instructions and refine your grammatical accuracy.

CIE考题中常使用法语元语言。了解 l’infinitif(不定式), le subjonctif(虚拟式), le gérondif(副动词) 等术语,能帮助你解读题目要求并提升语法准确性。

Here are the core terms you must recognise: présent (present), imparfait (imperfect), passé composé (perfect), futur simple (future), conditionnel (conditional), and subjonctif présent (present subjunctive).

以下是你必须辨认的核心术语:présent(现在时)、imparfait(未完成过去时)、passé composé(复合过去时)、futur simple(简单将来时)、conditionnel(条件式)以及 subjonctif présent(虚拟式现在时)。

  • L’infinitif – the base form: parler, finir, vendre
  • L’infinitif – 动词原形:parler, finir, vendre
  • Le participe présent – ending in -ant (e.g. parlant)
  • Le participe présent – 以 -ant 结尾(如 parlant
  • Le gérondifen + participe présent (e.g. en parlant)
  • Le gérondifen + 现在分词(如 en parlant

Learning these terms avoids confusion when teachers or exam papers say ‘Mettez le verbe au subjonctif.’

学会这些术语后,当老师或试卷要求“将动词变为虚拟式”时,就不会感到困惑。


4. Building Vocabulary with Prefixes and Suffixes | 利用前缀后缀构建词汇

Prefixes and suffixes can unlock meaning for dozens of new words, enabling you to infer sense in reading texts and enrich your written expression.

前缀和后缀能帮助你推测大量生词的含义,让你在阅读中推断词义,并丰富书面表达。

Common prefixes include re- (again: recommencer), dé-/dés- (undo/remove: défaire, désorganiser), in-/im- (negative: inutile, impossible), and pré- (before: prévoir).

常见前缀包括 re-(再次:recommencer 重新开始)、dé-/dés-(解除/去除:défaire 拆开、désorganiser 打乱)、in-/im-(否定:inutile 无用的,impossible 不可能的)以及 pré-(之前:prévoir 预见)。

Suffixes indicate part of speech: -ment forms adverbs (rapidement); -tion/-sion forms nouns (action, décision); -able/-ible create adjectives (acceptable, lisible).

后缀则指示词性:-ment 构成副词(rapidement 快速地);-tion/-sion 构成名词(action, décision);-able/-ible 构成形容词(acceptable, lisible 可读的)。

When you encounter a challenging word, dissecting its components often reveals its core meaning.

当你遇到一个具有挑战性的单词时,拆解其构成部分通常能揭示其核心含义。


5. Topic-Based Vocabulary: Environment & Society | 主题词汇:环境与社会

Year 13 CIE topics demand precise, high-level vocabulary. Building thematic banks for the environment and society ensures you can discuss complex issues fluently.

Year 13 CIE考试主题要求精准且高阶的词汇量。建立环境与社会的主题词库,能确保你流利地讨论复杂议题。

Key environmental terms: le réchauffement climatique (global warming), la couche d’ozone (ozone layer), les énergies renouvelables (renewable energies), la déforestation, la biodiversité, le développement durable (sustainable development).

关键环境术语:le réchauffement climatique(全球变暖)、la couche d’ozone(臭氧层)、les énergies renouvelables(可再生能源)、la déforestation(森林砍伐)、la biodiversité(生物多样性)、le développement durable(可持续发展)。

For society, essential words include l’inégalité (inequality), la marginalisation, l’intégration, le chômage (unemployment), la sécurité sociale, and les manifestations (protests).

社会类必背词汇包括 l’inégalité(不平等)、la marginalisation(边缘化)、l’intégration(融入)、le chômage(失业)、la sécurité sociale(社会保障)和 les manifestations(示威游行)。

Create mind maps under each sub-topic and write short paragraphs using 5-6 terms together to cement them in memory.

为每个子主题创建思维导图,并用5-6个术语一起写短文来巩固记忆。


6. Topic-Based Vocabulary: Technology & Media | 主题词汇:科技与媒体

With digital culture deeply embedded in the syllabus, mastering tech and media vocabulary is non-negotiable for the Year 13 exam.

随着数字文化在考纲中的深度嵌入,掌握科技与媒体词汇对于Year 13考试是不可或缺的。

Essential terms: l’intelligence artificielle (IA), les réseaux sociaux (social media), la cyberintimidation (cyberbullying), le streaming, la fracture numérique (digital divide), la réalité virtuelle, le téléchargement (download).

必备术语:l’intelligence artificielle (IA)(人工智能)、les réseaux sociaux(社交网络)、la cyberintimidation(网络欺凌)、le streaming(流媒体)、la fracture numérique(数字鸿沟)、la réalité virtuelle(虚拟现实)、le téléchargement(下载)。

Useful verbs: télécharger (to download), partager (to share), se connecter (to log in), s’abonner (to subscribe), naviguer sur Internet (to surf the web).

实用动词:télécharger(下载)、partager(分享)、se connecter(登录)、s’abonner(订阅)、naviguer sur Internet(上网)。

When preparing an argument about ‘la dependance aux écrans’ (screen addiction), having these lexemes ready allows you to express yourself with precision.

当准备关于“屏幕依赖”的论点时,这些词汇单元能让你精确表达观点。


7. Idiomatic Expressions and Proverbs | 习语与谚语

Using idioms judiciously can elevate your writing and oral performance, but you must learn them in context, not as isolated lists.

恰当地使用习语能提升写作和口语分数,但你必须在语境中学习它们,而非作为孤立列表。

Common idioms: avoir le cafard (to feel down), poser un lapin a quelqu’un (to stand someone up), couter les yeux de la tete (to cost an arm and a leg), donner un coup de main (to lend a hand).

常见习语:avoir le cafard(情绪低落)、poser un lapin a quelqu’un(放某人鸽子)、couter les yeux de la tete(价格昂贵)、donner un coup de main(帮忙)。

Proverbs demonstrate cultural awareness: Petit a petit, l’oiseau fait son nid (Little by little, the bird builds its nest), Il ne faut pas vendre la peau de l’ours avant de l’avoir tue (Don’t count your chickens before they hatch).

谚语展现文化意识:Petit a petit, l’oiseau fait son nid(积少成多)、Il ne faut pas vendre la peau de l’ours avant de l’avoir tue(别高兴得太早)。

Keep a journal where you note each idiom with a personalised example sentence. Over time, they will become natural.

准备一本日记,记录每条习语并附上个性的例句。久而久之,它们便会运用自如。


8. Tricky Homophones & Homonyms | 易混淆的同音异义词

Homophones can trip up even advanced learners. Distinguishing them is vital for accurate dictation and gap-fill tasks.

同音异义词甚至能给高水平学习者造成困扰。准确区分它们对于听写和完形填空任务至关重要。

Classic examples: ou (or) vs ou (where) – note the accent; a (has) vs a (at); son (his/her, sound) vs sont (are); leur (their, to them) vs leur (them) as object pronoun.

经典案例:ou(或者)与 ou(在哪里)——注意重音;a(有)与 a(在);son(他/她的;声音)与 sont(是);leur(他们的;给他们)与 leur(他们)作宾语代词。

Homonyms like livre (book vs pound) or vol (flight vs theft) require context for correct comprehension.

同形异义词如 livre(书/镑)或 vol(飞行/盗窃)需要根据语境正确理解。

Use flashcards with sentences that highlight the contrasting meanings, and practise reading them aloud to reinforce auditory discrimination.

使用闪卡并配合能突出对比含义的句子,并大声朗读以强化听觉辨别。


9. Effective Memorisation Techniques | 高效的记忆技巧

Passive reading is not enough. Active recall and spaced repetition are scientifically proven to boost long-term retention.

被动阅读是不够的。主动回忆和间隔重复已被科学证明能增强长期记忆。

Try the Leitner System: use a box with compartments. Cards you know well move forward; cards you struggle with stay at the front for frequent review.

试试 莱特纳系统:使用带分格的盒子。你熟悉的卡片往下移;薄弱的卡片留在最前面以便频繁复习。

Create visual associations: for pamplemousse (grapefruit), imagine a pink moose holding a grapefruit. The sillier the image, the stronger the memory hook.

创建视觉联想:对于 pamplemousse(西柚),想象一只粉红色的麋鹿拿着一颗西柚。画面越滑稽,记忆钩子越强。

Chunk vocabulary by theme or by common roots, and practise writing 5-minute essays under exam conditions using the new words.

按主题或共同词根对词汇进行组块,并在考试条件下用这些新词练习写5分钟短文。


10. Exam-Specific Terminology & Command Words | 考试专用术语与指令词

Misinterpreting a command word can cost marks. You must know exactly what each instruction demands.

误解指令词可能导致失分。你必须确切了解每条指令的要求。

Command (指令) English (英语) What to Do (任务说明)
Decrivez Describe Give a detailed account
Analysez Analyse Examine in detail, identify key points
Comparez Compare Show similarities and differences
Evaluez Evaluate Weigh up pros and cons, give a judgement
Expliquez Explain Make clear, give reasons
Justifiez Justify Provide evidence or reasons

Internalising these terms ensures you address the question fully and demonstrate the analysis expected at Year 13 level.

内化这些术语能确保你完整回应问题,并展示出Year 13阶段所要求的分析能力。

Pair this vocabulary guide with exam-style practice, and you will build the lexical confidence needed to excel.

将这份词汇指南与真题式练习相结合,你将建立起取得佳绩所需的词汇自信。

Published by TutorHao | French Revision Series | aleveler.com

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