KS3 CIE Drama: Essential Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | KS3 CIE 戏剧：词汇术语速记指南

📚 KS3 CIE Drama: Essential Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | KS3 CIE 戏剧：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your quick-fire revision guide for KS3 CIE Drama. Unlocking these key terms will sharpen your analysis, strengthen your performances, and elevate your reflective writing. Whether you are devising, rehearsing, or evaluating, clear terminology puts you in control.

欢迎来到 KS3 CIE 戏剧术语速记指南。掌握这些关键词汇能提高你的分析能力、增强表演实力并提升反思写作水平。无论你是在创编、排练还是评价，清晰的术语都能让你游刃有余。

1. Stage Directions | 舞台方向

Stage directions are always given from the performer’s point of view, facing the audience. Imagine you are standing on stage looking out into the house.

舞台方向始终以表演者面向观众为准。想象自己站在舞台上，看着观众席。

Downstage (DS) is the part of the stage closest to the audience. Moving downstage brings you nearer to the front row.

下舞台（DS）是舞台最靠近观众的部分。向下舞台移动会让你更接近前排。

Upstage (US) is the area farthest from the audience, towards the back wall. If a performer moves upstage, they appear more distant.

上舞台（US）是离观众最远的区域，靠近后墙。演员向上舞台移动会显得更远。

Stage left is the actor’s left when facing the audience; stage right is their right. Never confuse this with the audience’s perspective.

舞台左是演员面对观众时的左侧，舞台右是右侧。切勿与观众的视角混淆。

Centre stage (CS) is the exact middle of the playing area and usually commands the most focus.

舞台中央（CS）是演出区的正中央，通常吸引最多注意力。

The wings are the offstage spaces to the left and right, hidden by curtains, flats or sightlines. Performers wait here before entering.

侧幕是左右两侧的后台区域，被幕布、景片或视线遮挡。演员上场前在此等候。

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2. Vocal Skills | 声音技巧

Projection means using breath and resonance to make your voice carry to the back of the auditorium without shouting.

声音投射是指运用气息和共鸣让声音传遍整个观众厅，而不是喊叫。

Pitch refers to how high or low your voice sounds. Shifting pitch can show age, emotion or status.

音高是指声音的尖锐或低沉程度。改变音高可以表现年龄、情感或地位。

Pace is the speed at which you speak. A rapid pace might suggest panic, while a slow pace can create tension or authority.

语速是你说话的速度。快语速可能暗示慌张，慢语速能营造紧张感或威严。

Tone describes the emotional quality of your voice – warm, cold, sarcastic, gentle. Matching tone to character is essential.

语气是指声音的情感色彩——温暖、冷淡、讽刺、温柔。让语气贴合角色非常重要。

Pause is a deliberate break in speech. Pauses build suspense, let an idea land, or reveal a character’s thought process.

停顿是刻意在说白中留出的空白。停顿能制造悬念、让观点沉淀或显露角色的思考过程。

Volume is how loud or quiet you are. Controlled volume shifts (crescendo/diminuendo) add texture to a monologue.

音量指声音的大小。有控制地调整音量（渐强/渐弱）能为独白增添层次感。

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3. Physical Skills | 肢体技巧

Gesture is any movement of the hands, arms or head to communicate meaning. It should be purposeful, never random.

手势是手、手臂或头部的任何达意动作。每一个手势都要有目的，不能随意。

Posture is the way you hold your body. An upright, open posture can suggest confidence; a slouched posture might suggest weakness or exhaustion.

体态是你保持身体的姿势。挺直开放的体态暗示自信，垂肩塌背可能暗示虚弱或疲惫。

Gait means your manner of walking. A heavy trudging gait differs hugely from a light, skipping one.

步态指行走的方式。沉重拖沓的步态与轻快跳跃截然不同。

Facial expression reveals a character’s inner state. Even small shifts in eyebrows, mouth or eyes tell a story.

面部表情揭示角色的内心状态。眉毛、嘴巴或眼睛的细微变化都在叙事。

Eye contact can connect with other characters or the audience. Avoiding eye contact often signals guilt, fear or withdrawal.

目光接触能与其他角色或观众建立联系。回避目光通常表示内疚、恐惧或退缩。

Body language includes open/closed positions, tension, and proximity. It is the full physical vocabulary of your character.

肢体语言包括开放/封闭姿势、紧张度和身体距离。它是角色完整的身体词汇。

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4. Characterisation | 角色塑造

Role on the wall is a rehearsal tool where you draw a large outline of a character and write inside (inner thoughts) and outside (external facts) to build understanding.

墙上角色是一种排练工具，画下角色的大轮廓，在内侧写下内心想法、外侧写下外部事实来建立理解。

Hot seating places a performer in character while others fire questions at them. It deepens backstory and motivation instantly.

坐针毡让一位演员进入角色，其他人不断提问。这能快速深化背景故事和动机。

Motivation is the reason behind every line, movement or silence. A clear motivation makes actions believable.

动机是每一句台词、每一个动作或静默背后的原因。清晰的动机让行为可信。

Status refers to the power or authority a character holds in a scene. It can shift and is often shown physically – height, space, stillness.

地位指角色在场景中拥有的权力或权威。它可以变化，通常通过身体高度、所占空间和静止状态来展现。

Given circumstances are the facts the playwright supplies: time, place, relationships, and events. All character choices must respect these.

规定情境是剧作家提供的事实：时间、地点、人物关系和事件。所有角色选择都应基于此。

Objective is what the character wants at every moment. A strong, playable objective fuels the entire performance.

目标指角色每时每刻想要的东西。一个强劲、可表演的目标能驱动整个演出。

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5. Dramatic Tension & Mood | 戏剧张力与氛围

Tension is the sense of anticipation, conflict or uncertainty that keeps an audience engaged. It can be created through opposing objectives, silence or timing.

张力是让观众保持投入的期待感、冲突感或不确定感。可通过对立目标、静默或节奏时机来创造。

Mood (or atmosphere) is the emotional feeling created in the performance space. Lighting, sound and pace all shape it.

氛围（或情绪）是在表演空间中营造的情感色彩。灯光、音响和节奏都能塑造氛围。

Climax is the moment of highest tension or most significant dramatic turn. Everything builds toward it.

高潮是张力达到顶点或出现最重要戏剧转折的一刻。所有情节都向它汇聚。

Contrast is the deliberate placement of opposites – loud/quiet, fast/slow, light/dark – to make moments more striking.

对比是有意地将对立元素并置——响亮与安静、快速与缓慢、明亮与黑暗——让瞬间更震撼。

Comic relief is a humorous scene or line inserted after intense drama. It releases tension and changes rhythm.

喜剧调剂是在强烈戏剧后插入的幽默场景或台词。它能释放张力并改变节奏。

Subtext is the unspoken meaning beneath the words. Performers must play the subtext, not just the text.

潜台词是台词背后的弦外之音。表演者必须诠释潜台词，而不仅仅是读台词。

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6. Performance Space & Blocking | 表演空间与走位

Blocking is the precise plan of actors’ movements on stage, set by the director. Good blocking tells the story visually.

走位是导演为演员设定的精确舞台移动计划。好的走位能视觉化地讲述故事。

Proxemics refers to the distance between performers. Standing close can show intimacy or threat; standing far apart can signal estrangement.

空间关系指表演者之间的距离。站得近可能表示亲密或威胁，站得远可能暗示疏远。

Crossing means an actor moving from one part of the stage to another. It must be motivated, not random.

穿越指演员从舞台一处移动到另一处。移动必须有动机，不能随意。

Levels are the vertical positioning of performers – standing, sitting, lying, on a platform. They create visual interest and power dynamics.

层次是演员的垂直位置——站、坐、躺、站在平台上。层次创造视觉趣味并暗示权力关系。

Proscenium arch is the ‘picture frame’ stage where the audience faces one side directly. Thrust stage extends into the audience; in-the-round has audience on all sides.

镜框式舞台是观众面向一面的“画框”舞台。伸出式舞台延伸入观众席；环形舞台四面围着观众。

Sightlines are what the audience can see from their seats. Directors check sightlines to ensure key action isn’t blocked.

视线是观众从座位能看到什么。导演会检查视线以确保关键动作不被遮挡。

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7. Script Conventions | 剧本惯例

A scene is a continuous unit of action in one location. A group of scenes forms an act.

一场是在同一地点的连续动作单元。若干场组成一幕。

Dialogue is spoken exchange between two or more characters. Monologue is a longer speech by one character to others on stage.

对白是两个或以上角色之间的言语交流。独白是一个角色对台上其他角色的长篇讲话。

Soliloquy is a speech in which a character, alone on stage, reveals inner thoughts directly to the audience. It is not heard by other characters.

内心独白是角色独自在舞台上直接向观众袒露内心的讲话，其他角色听不到。

An aside is a brief remark directed to the audience, not meant to be heard by other characters on stage.

旁白是面向观众的简短言语，台上其他角色不应听见。

Stage directions in the script are the italicised instructions about movement, tone or design. Always read them; they carry vital clues.

剧本中的舞台指示是斜体的动作、语气或设计说明。一定要阅读，它们包含关键线索。

A cue is the signal for an actor to begin speaking or for a technical change. Missing a cue can break the flow.

提示是让演员开始说词或执行技术切换的信号。错过提示会打断流畅性。

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8. Design Elements | 设计元素

Set is the physical environment on stage – including platforms, flats, furniture, and backdrops. It establishes time, place and style.

布景是舞台上的实体环境，包括平台、景片、家具和背景。它确立时间、地点和风格。

Props (properties) are objects handled by actors. They can be personal (in a pocket) or set props (on a table).

道具是演员操持的物品，可分为随身道具（在口袋里）或陈设道具（在桌上）。

Costume communicates period, status, personality and relationships. Even colour choices can carry symbolic meaning.

服装传达时代、地位、性格和人物关系。甚至颜色选择也能承载象征意义。

Lighting shapes mood, focus and time of day. Designers use intensity, colour, angle and specials to sculpt the stage picture.

灯光塑造氛围、焦点和时间感觉。设计师运用亮度、色彩、角度和特殊效果来雕琢舞台画面。

Sound includes music, sound effects, and ambient noise. It can be diegetic (from within the world) or non-diegetic (added for the audience).

声音包括音乐、音效和环境噪音。可分为故事内音（剧情世界内的）或故事外音（为观众添加的）。

Special effects (SFX) might involve smoke, haze, pyrotechnics or projections. They must support the story, never distract.

特效可能包括烟雾、烟霾、烟火或投影。它们必须服务于故事，不能喧宾夺主。

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9. Rehearsal Terminology | 排练术语

Read-through is the first rehearsal where the cast reads the whole script aloud. It unifies understanding before any movement is set.

通读是全组第一次排练时把剧本通篇朗读。在确定动作前统一理解。

Blocking rehearsal focuses on staging, entrances, exits and physical relationships. Lines are often walked, not polished.

走位排练专注于舞台调度、上下场和身体关系。台词通常都步行走位，不要求精修。

Tech rehearsal integrates lighting, sound, set changes and costumes with the performers. It runs slowly to fix technical cues.

技术排练将灯光、音响、换景和服装与演员融合。会缓慢推进，以解决技术提示问题。

Dress rehearsal is a full run in full costume and makeup, as if it’s a real performance. It is the final check before an audience arrives.

彩排是穿着完整服装和化妆的完整演出，如同真实表演。这是观众到来前的最后环节。

Cue-to-cue is a technical run skipping to each cue point. It saves time while locking in precise transitions.

点青排练是跳过表演内容、直奔每个技術提示点的技术联排。省时且精准锁定过渡。

Improvisation (improv) is creating dialogue and action spontaneously. It is vital for devising and for discovering truthful reactions.

即兴表演是自发地创作对白和动作。对创编和挖掘真实反应至关重要。

Devising is the process of creating original theatre from a stimulus, without a pre-written script. It relies on collaboration and experimentation.

编作剧场是从一个刺激出发、无预设剧本、创编原创剧场的过程。它依赖团队合作和实验。

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10. Exam Command Words | 考试指令词

Describe asks you to give a detailed account of what you see, hear and do. Paint a clear picture using theatrical vocabulary.

描述要求你详细叙述你看到的、听到的和做的。用戏剧词汇勾勒清晰的画面。

Explain pushes you to say why and how – why you chose a vocal change, how a design element created mood. Show cause and effect.

解释要求你说明原因和方式——为何选择声音变化、设计元素如何营造氛围。要体现因果关系。

Analyse means picking apart a moment or performance in depth. Consider layers, effects on the audience, and the performer’s intention.

分析意为深入剖析某个瞬间或表演。考虑层次、对观众的影响以及表演者的意图。

Evaluate asks you to make a supported judgement. How effective was the piece? Weigh strengths and areas for development with clear examples.

评价要求你做出有依据的判断。作品的成效如何？用清晰的例子权衡其优势和可改进之处。

Justify means giving thorough reasons for your creative decisions. Link every choice back to character, style or audience impact.

论证意为给你每一处创作决定提供充分理由。把每个选择与角色、风格或观众效果联系起来。

Reflect invites you to think about your own learning journey: What worked, what didn’t, and what would you do differently next time?

反思邀请你思考自己的学习历程：哪些有效、哪些无效、下次你会做出什么改变？

Published by TutorHao | Drama Revision Series | aleveler.com

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