IGCSE Maths: Straight Line Graphs and Coordinate Geometry | IGCSE 数学：直线图像与坐标几何

📚 IGCSE Maths: Straight Line Graphs and Coordinate Geometry | IGCSE 数学：直线图像与坐标几何

In IGCSE Mathematics, straight line graphs bring together algebra, coordinates and visual problem-solving. This topic covers gradient, the equation y = mx + c, midpoint, distance, parallel lines and perpendicular lines. Mastering it gives you reliable marks in both Paper 2 and Paper 4.

在 IGCSE 数学中，直线图像把代数、坐标和图形问题结合起来。这个主题包括斜率、直线方程 y = mx + c、中点、两点间距离、平行线和垂直线。掌握它能让你在 Paper 2 和 Paper 4 中稳定得分。

1. The Cartesian Plane | 平面直角坐标系

A Cartesian plane is formed by a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. A point is written as (x, y), where x gives the horizontal position and y gives the vertical position from the origin (0, 0).

平面直角坐标系由水平的 x 轴和竖直的 y 轴组成。一个点写作 (x, y)，其中 x 表示从原点 (0, 0) 出发的水平位置，y 表示竖直位置。

For example, the point (-3, 4) means move 3 units left and 4 units up. The signs of x and y tell you the quadrant: (+, +) is the first quadrant, (-, +) is the second, (-, -) is the third, and (+, -) is the fourth.

例如，点 (-3, 4) 表示向左移动 3 个单位、向上移动 4 个单位。x 和 y 的正负号告诉你象限：(+, +) 是第一象限，(-, +) 是第二象限，(-, -) 是第三象限，(+, -) 是第四象限。

2. Gradient Basics | 斜率基础

Gradient measures how steep a line is. A positive gradient rises from left to right, a negative gradient falls from left to right, a

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