IGCSE Cambridge Geography: Core Knowledge Review | IGCSE Cambridge 地理：核心知识点梳理

📚 IGCSE Cambridge Geography: Core Knowledge Review | IGCSE Cambridge 地理：核心知识点梳理

This revision guide summarises the most important Cambridge IGCSE Geography knowledge for Papers 1, 2 and 4. It connects the three syllabus themes of population and settlement, the natural environment, and economic development, while reinforcing the map skills and data-response techniques that are tested throughout the course.

本文梳理剑桥 IGCSE 地理学科的核心知识点，适用于 Paper 1、Paper 2 和 Paper 4 复习。内容围绕人口与聚落、自然环境与经济发展三大主题，同时强化全课程都会考查的地图技能与数据分析方法。

1. Geographical Skills: Map Reading and Coordinates | 地理技能：地图阅读与坐标

Grid references are fundamental. A four-figure reference identifies a grid square, while a six-figure reference identifies a specific point inside that square. Always read the easting first and the northing second.

网格坐标是基础技能。四位数坐标定位一个方格，六位数坐标定位方格内的具体点；读数时先读东向值，再读北向值。

Scale can be shown as a ratio, statement or linear scale. On a 1:50,000 map, 1 cm represents 50,000 cm, or 0.5 km on the ground.

比例尺可以用比例式、文字式或直线比例尺表示。在 1:50,000 地图上，1 厘米代表实地 50,000 厘米，即 0.5 公里。

Gradient is calculated by dividing the vertical interval by the horizontal equivalent. Contour lines join points of equal height: closely spaced contours indicate a steep slope, while widely spaced contours indicate a gentle slope.

坡度用垂直高差除以水平距离计算。等高线连接海拔相同的点：等高线密集表示陡坡，

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