📚 IGCSE CIE Science: Grading Criteria Analysis | IGCSE CIE 科学：评分标准分析
Understanding the grading criteria for CIE IGCSE Sciences is essential for both teachers and students to set realistic targets and optimise exam performance. This article breaks down how raw marks translate into final grades, the distinction between Core and Extended tiers, the weighting of components, and the meaning of grade thresholds and Percentage Uniform Marks (PUM).
理解 CIE IGCSE 科学科目的评分标准，对教师和学生制定合理目标、优化考试成绩至关重要。本文将深入解析原始分数如何转化为最终等级、核心与扩展层次的差异、各试卷的权重以及分数线与百分比统一分数（PUM）的含义。
1. Assessment Structure Overview | 评估结构概述
The CIE IGCSE Science syllabus (for Biology, Chemistry, and Physics as separate subjects) consists of three components taken by all candidates, regardless of tier. These components test multiple-choice knowledge, written theory, and practical skills.
CIE IGCSE 科学课程（生物、化学、物理作为独立科目）通常由三个部分组成，所有考生无论选择哪个层次都要参加。这些部分分别考查选择题知识、笔试理论与实验技能。
For Coordinated Sciences (Double Award), the structure is similar but includes more papers to cover combined content, resulting in two final grades.
对于协调科学（双奖），结构相似但包含更多试卷以覆盖综合内容，最终给出两个等级。
The following table shows the standard paper configuration for separate sciences:
下表展示了独立科学科目的标准试卷配置：
| Component | Core Candidates | Extended Candidates | Weighting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Multiple Choice | Paper 1 (40 marks, 45 min) | Paper 2 (40 marks, 45 min) | 30% |
| Theory | Paper 3 (80 marks, 1 h 15 min) | Paper 4 (80 marks, 1 h 15 min) | 50% |
| Practical | Paper 5 (40 marks, 1 h 15 min) or Paper 6 (40 marks, 1 h) | Paper 5 (40 marks) or Paper 6 (40 marks) | 20% |
Note that Paper 5 is a practical test requiring hands-on experiments, while Paper 6 is an alternative to practical, assessing experimental skills via a written paper.
请注意，试卷5是动手实验考试，而试卷6是实验替代笔试，通过书面形式评估实验技能。
2. Core vs. Extended Curriculum | 核心与扩展课程
Candidates must be entered for either the Core or Extended tier. Core covers a subset of the syllabus and allows grades C, D, E, F, and G. Extended covers the full syllabus and allows grades A*, A, B, C, D, and E. You cannot achieve a grade higher than C on the Core tier.
考生必须报名参加核心或扩展层次。核心课程覆盖部分大纲内容，可以获得的等级为 C、D、E、F、G。扩展层次涵盖全部大纲内容，可获得 A*、A、B、C、D、E。在核心层次无法取得高于 C 的等级。
The target grade for a student should guide tier entry. Those aiming for B or above must take Extended papers. A student who performs very well on Core but is entered for Extended could potentially score lower if they struggle with the more challenging content.
学生的目标等级应指导层次选择。目标为B或以上的学生必须参加扩展试卷。如果在扩展层次表现不佳，即使核心课程学得很好，也可能获得较低等级。
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