📚 Core Knowledge Summary for Year 7 CAIE Computer Science | Year 7 CAIE 计算机：核心知识点梳理
This revision guide summarises the essential knowledge for Year 7 CAIE Computer Science. Whether you are preparing for an end-of-year test or building a strong foundation for IGCSE, these notes will help you recall key concepts and terminology.
这份复习指南总结了Year 7 CAIE计算机科学的核心知识。无论你是在准备年终考试还是为IGCSE打基础，这些笔记都将帮助你回顾关键概念和术语。
1. Introduction to Computer Systems | 计算机系统简介
A computer system is made up of hardware and software that work together to process data. Hardware includes all the physical parts, such as the processor, memory, and input/output devices. Software consists of the programs and operating systems that give instructions to the hardware.
计算机系统由硬件和软件组成，它们共同处理数据。硬件包括所有物理部件，如处理器、内存和输入/输出设备。软件由向硬件发出指令的程序和操作系统组成。
There are two main types of computers: general-purpose and embedded. A general-purpose computer can run various applications, e.g., a smartphone or
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