📚 Year 7 AQA Chinese: Case Study Practice | Year 7 AQA 中文：案例分析实战演练
Mastering Chinese involves more than memorising vocabulary; it requires applying language skills in real-life scenarios. This case study practice for Year 7 AQA Chinese leads you through a typical day with a Chinese family, integrating reading, listening, speaking, writing and cultural awareness. By engaging with authentic situations, you will build confidence and fluency.
掌握中文不只是背诵词汇，更需要在真实情境中运用语言技能。本次Year 7 AQA中文案例分析实战演练带你走进一个中国家庭的典型一天，综合训练阅读、听力、口语、写作和文化认知。通过参与真实场景，你将建立信心并提升流利度。
1. Introducing the Case Study: A Day with Xiaoming’s Family | 案例介绍：小明家的一天
Our case study revolves around Xiaoming, a 12-year-old boy living in Beijing with his parents and younger sister, Meimei. The family’s daily routine offers rich material for practising Chinese. Follow their activities from waking up to bedtime, and analyse the language used in each context.
我们的案例围绕小明，一个12岁的北京男孩，他和父母、妹妹美美生活在一起。这个家庭的日常生活为我们练习中文提供了丰富的素材。跟随他们从起床到睡觉的活动，分析每个情境中使用的语言。
Xiaoming’s family members: Dad (baba), Mum (mama), Xiaoming, and little sister Meimei (5 years old). They live in a modern flat near Xiaoming’s secondary school. The family speaks Mandarin at home, and Xiaoming is proud of his ability to help Meimei with her first Chinese characters.
小明的家庭成员：爸爸、妈妈、小明和五岁的妹妹美美。他们住在小明中学附近的一套现代公寓里。在家都说普通话，小明很自豪能帮妹妹学习她的第一个汉字。
2. Vocabulary Review: Family and Daily Routines | 词汇复习：家庭与日常活动
Before diving into the case study, familiarise yourself with the essential vocabulary that appears throughout the day. The table below lists core words and phrases you will need. Spend a few minutes repeating them aloud and writing them down.
在深入案例之前，先熟悉贯穿一天的重点词汇。下表列出了你需要掌握的核心单词和短语。花几分钟大声朗读并书写这些词汇。
| English | 中文 | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|
| get up | 起床 | qǐchuáng |
| wash face | 洗脸 | xǐ liǎn |
| brush teeth | 刷牙 | shuā yá |
| breakfast | 早饭 | zǎofàn |
| school uniform | 校服 | xiàofú |
| walk to school | 走路去学校 | zǒulù qù xuéxiào |
| classmate | 同学 | tóngxué |
| lunch break | 午休 | wǔxiū |
| homework | 作业 | zuòyè |
| dinner | 晚饭 | wǎnfàn |
| go to bed | 睡觉 | shuìjiào |
Now try making simple sentences. Example: ‘Xiaoming washes his face at 7:10 am.’
现在试着造一些简单句子。例句：’小明早上七点十分洗脸。’
3. Reading Comprehension: Xiaoming’s Morning | 阅读理解：小明的早晨
Read the following description of Xiaoming’s morning routine in English first, then read the Chinese version and try to match the details. After that, answer the questions based on the Chinese text.
先阅读英文版的小明早晨日常，然后阅读中文版本，并尝试匹配细节。之后根据中文文本回答问题。
English passage: Every morning, Xiaoming’s mother wakes him at seven. He gets up straight away, washes his face, brushes his teeth, and puts on his school uniform. For breakfast, he usually eats congee, a boiled egg and some vegetables. At 7:40, he leaves the flat with his friend Li Wei, who lives next door, and they walk to school together. They chat about their favourite computer games on the way.
中文短文：每天早上，小明的妈妈七点叫醒他。他立刻起床，洗脸，刷牙，穿好校服。早饭他一般吃粥、一个煮鸡蛋和一点蔬菜。七点四十分，他和住在隔壁的朋友李伟一起离开公寓，走路去学校。路上他们聊最喜欢的电脑游戏。
Questions (English first): 1. What time does Xiaoming wake up? 2. Name two things he does after getting up. 3. What does he usually have for breakfast? 4. Who does he walk to school with? 5. What do the boys talk about on the way?
问题（中文翻译）：1. 小明几点起床？2. 请说出他起床后做的两件事。3. 他早饭一般吃什么？4. 他和谁一起走路去学校？5. 男孩们在路上聊什么？
4. Listening Practice: At the Breakfast Table | 听力练习：早餐桌旁
Play the following dialogue in your mind (or read it aloud with a partner) and imagine you are listening to Xiaoming and his mother during breakfast. Focus on the tone and key phrases.
在脑海里播放以下对话（或与搭档朗读），想象你正在听小明和妈妈早餐时的对话。注意语气和关键短语。
English script: Mum: ‘Xiaoming, hurry up! Your congee is getting cold. Did you finish all your vegetables?’ Xiaoming: ‘Yes, Mum. I’m almost done. Can I have some more pickles?’ Mum: ‘Just a little. Don’t forget your water bottle. Meimei, stop playing with your spoon.’ Meimei: ‘I want to go to school too!’ Xiaoming: ‘You’re too young, Meimei. I’ll teach you a new word after school.’
中文对话脚本：妈妈：’小明，快点！你的粥要凉了。蔬菜都吃完了吗？’ 小明：’吃了，妈妈。我快吃完了。可以再给我一点咸菜吗？’ 妈妈：’一点点。别忘了你的水壶。美美，别玩勺子。’ 美美：’我也要上学！’ 小明：’美美，你还太小。放学后我教你一个新字。’
Now listen for these details: What does Xiaoming ask for extra? What reminder does Mum give? How does Xiaoming respond to Meimei? Write your answers in English and Chinese.
现在注意这些细节：小明额外要了什么？妈妈提醒了他什么？小明怎样回应美美？用英文和中文写下你的答案。
5. Grammar Focus: Using 了 for Completed Actions | 语法重点：了 表示完成
The particle 了 (le) is very common in Chinese and often indicates that an action has been completed. In the breakfast dialogue, you saw ‘吃完了吗?’ (Have you finished eating?). Here ‘吃了’ shows the action of eating is finished. Study the pattern: Verb + 了 + object.
助词’了’在中文里很常见，常表示一个动作已经完成。在早餐对话中，你看到了’吃完了吗？’，这里’吃了’表示吃的动作完成了。学习这个结构：动词 + 了 + 宾语。
Examples: ‘I ate breakfast.’ becomes ‘我吃早饭了。’ or ‘我吃了早饭。’
例句：’I ate breakfast.’ 说成 ‘我吃早饭了。’ 或 ‘我吃了早饭。’
‘He finished his homework.’ becomes ‘他做完了作业。’
‘He finished his homework.’ 说成 ‘他做完了作业。’
Be careful: 了 can also appear at the end of a sentence to indicate a change of situation. Compare: ‘I’m tired.’ – ‘我累了。’ (change from not tired to tired). Practice by writing five sentences about Xiaoming’s day using 了.
注意：’了’也可以出现在句末表示情况的变化。比较：’我累了。’（从不累到累）通过描写小明的一天写出五个使用’了’的句子来练习。
6. Speaking Activity: Role-play Ordering Lunch | 口语活动：食堂点餐角色扮演
Imagine you are Xiaoming at the school canteen. Partner A plays the canteen server, Partner B plays Xiaoming. Use the script below to practise ordering food. First, read the English version to understand the flow, then switch to the Chinese lines.
想象你是小明在学校食堂。搭档A扮演食堂服务员，搭档B扮演小明。用下面的脚本练习点餐。先读英文版了解流程，然后换成中文台词。
English script: Server: ‘Hello! What would you like to eat?’ Xiaoming: ‘I’d like rice with stir-fried tomatoes and eggs, please.’ Server: ‘Anything else?’ Xiaoming: ‘Yes, some green vegetables and a glass of water.’ Server: ‘That’ll be 12 yuan.’ Xiaoming: ‘Here you are. Thank you!’ Server: ‘Enjoy your lunch!’
中文台词：服务员：’你好！你想吃什么？’ 小明：’我要番茄炒蛋和米饭。’ 服务员：’还要别的吗？’ 小明：’再来点青菜和一杯水。’ 服务员：’一共十二块。’ 小明：’给你。谢谢！’ 服务员：’请慢用！’
Now swap roles and try adding more items, such as jiaozi (dumplings) or a soft drink. Record yourself and listen back for tone accuracy.
现在交换角色，尝试加入更多食物，比如饺子或软饮料。录下你声音并回听，检查声调是否准确。
7. Writing Task: Xiaoming’s Afternoon Diary | 写作任务：小明的下午日记
After school, Xiaoming likes to write a short diary entry about his day. Look at the English model below, then write the Chinese version using the vocabulary from this case study. Try to include at least three activities.
放学后，小明喜欢写一份简短日记。看下面的英文范文，然后使用本案例的词汇写出中文版本。尝试至少包含三项活动。
English diary entry: ‘Today was a good day. After school, I played basketball with Li Wei for half an hour. Then I went home and finished my maths homework before dinner. Mum cooked my favourite dish – sweet and sour pork. After dinner, I taught Meimei the word ‘dragon’. She drew a big dragon on a piece of paper. I read a comic before bed.’
中文日记范例参考：’今天过得不错。放学后我和李伟打了半小时篮球。然后我回家，在晚饭前完成了数学作业。妈妈做了我最喜欢的菜——糖醋里脊。晚饭后，我教美美’龙’这个字。她在一张纸上画了一条大龙。睡前我看了漫画。’
Now produce your own diary entry for Xiaoming’s Tuesday, using different activities such as art class, visiting grandparents, or watching a cartoon. Pay attention to stroke order when writing characters.
现在为小明的星期二写一篇你自己的日记，使用不同的活动，如美术课、看望爷爷奶奶或看动画片。书写汉字时注意笔顺。
8. Cultural Insight: Evening Routine and Family Time | 文化透视：晚间活动与家庭时光
In many Chinese families, the evening is a time for shared activities. Xiaoming’s family often watches the news together after dinner, and his parents help him with homework. This reflects the value placed on family unity and education. Understanding such routines gives depth to your language study.
在许多中国家庭，晚上是共同活动的时间。小明家经常在晚饭后一起看新闻，父母会辅导他的作业。这反映了对家庭团结和教育的重视。了解这些日常惯例能加深你的语言学习。
Moreover, the way children address adults is important: Xiaoming never calls his parents by their names; he always uses baba and mama. When speaking to elders, polite forms like ‘nin’ are used instead of ‘ni’.
此外，孩子称呼大人的方式很重要：小明从不直呼父母的名字，总是叫爸爸、妈妈。和长辈说话时，会用’您’而不是’你’。
9. Translation Practice: Key Sentences from the Case | 翻译练习：案例关键句
Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese. Use the grammar and vocabulary you have studied.
将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。使用你学过的语法和词汇。
1. Xiaoming gets up at seven o’clock and eats breakfast quickly.
1. 小明七点起床，很快地吃了早饭。
2. He walks to school with his neighbour every day.
2. 他每天和邻居一起走路去学校。
3. Meimei wants to go to school, but she is too young.
3. 美美想上学，但她还太小。
4. After finishing his homework, Xiaoming teaches his sister a new character.
4. 做完作业后，小明教妹妹一个新汉字。
5. Mum cooked a delicious dinner and the whole family enjoyed it.
5. 妈妈做了一顿美味的晚饭，全家都吃得很开心。
Now swap: translate the Chinese sentences back into English without looking at the original. This reinforces word order and meaning.
现在交换：不看作参考将中文句子翻译回英文。这能巩固词序和含义。
10. Quiz: Test Your Understanding | 测验：检测你的理解
Select the correct answer based on the case study. The English prompts are followed by Chinese options.
根据案例选择正确答案。英文提示后跟中文选项。
| Question | Options |
|---|---|
| 1. What does Xiaoming eat for breakfast? (Xiaoming吃什么早饭?) | A. 三明治和牛奶 B. 粥和鸡蛋 C. 面条和汤 |
| 2. Who does Xiaoming walk to school with? (小明和谁一起走路去学校?) | A. 他的爸爸 B. 美美 C. 李伟 |
| 3. What did Xiaoming order at the canteen? (小明在食堂点了什么?) | A. 汉堡和薯条 B. 番茄炒蛋和米饭 C. 比萨和可乐 |
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