📚 Year 7 CCEA Advanced Mathematics Vocabulary Quick Reference Guide | 七年级 CCEA 进阶数学：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering mathematical vocabulary is a powerful way to build confidence and accuracy in Year 7 CCEA Advanced Mathematics. This guide breaks down essential terms, explains them with clear examples, and pairs English and Chinese definitions so you can memorise them quickly and effectively.
掌握数学词汇是建立七年级 CCEA 进阶数学自信心和准确性的有力方式。本指南分解了基本术语，用清晰的例子加以解释，并提供中英文配对的释义，帮助你快速有效地记忆它们。
1. Basic Arithmetic Terms | 基本算术术语
Sum – The result of adding two or more numbers. For example, in 7 + 5 = 12, the sum is 12.
和 – 两个或多个数字相加的结果。例如，在 7 + 5 = 12 中，和是 12。
Difference – The result of subtracting one number from another. In 15 − 9 = 6, the difference is 6.
差 – 一个数减去另一个数的结果。在 15 − 9 = 6 中，差是 6。
Product – The result of multiplying numbers. In 4 × 3 = 12, the product is 12. The numbers being multiplied are called factors.
积 – 数字相乘的结果。在 4 × 3 = 12 中，积是 12。相乘的数字称为因数。
Quotient – The result of division. When you divide 20 by 5, the quotient is 4. A remainder may appear if division is not exact.
商 – 除法运算的结果。20 除以 5 时，商是 4。如果不能整除，则会出现余数。
Integer – Any whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero. Examples: −3, 0, 7.
整数 – 可以是正数、负数或零的任何整数。例如：−3、0、7。
Prime Number – An integer greater than 1 that has exactly two factors: 1 and itself. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 are prime numbers.
质数（素数） – 大于 1 且只有两个因数（1 和它本身）的整数。2、3、5、7、11 都是质数。
Factor – A whole number that divides exactly into another number. Factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
因数 – 能整除另一个数的整数。12 的因数有 1、2、3、4、6、12。
Multiple – The result of multiplying a number by an integer. Multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12 …
倍数 – 一个数与整数相乘的结果。3 的倍数有 3、6、9、12……
2. Algebraic Expressions | 代数表达式
Variable – A symbol, usually a letter, that stands for an unknown number. In x + 5, x is the variable.
变量 – 代表未知数的符号，通常是字母。在 x + 5 中，x 是变量。
Term – A single number, a variable, or numbers and variables multiplied together. In 3a + 2b − 4, 3a, 2b and −4 are terms.
项 – 单个数字、变量，或数字与变量的乘积。在 3a + 2b − 4 中，3a、2b 和 −4 都是项。
Coefficient – The number part in a term that multiplies the variable. In 5y, 5 is the coefficient.
系数 – 项中乘以变量的数字部分。在 5y 中，5 是系数。
Constant – A term that contains only a number and no variable. In the expression 2x + 7, 7 is the constant.
常数 – 只包含数字、没有变量的项。在表达式 2x + 7 中，7 是常数。
Like terms – Terms that have exactly the same variable part. 3a and 5a are like terms; 2a² and 3a are not.
同类项 – 变量部分完全相同的项。3a 和 5a 是同类项；2a² 和 3a 不是。
Simplify – To rewrite an expression in its most compact form, often by combining like terms. 2a + 5a simplifies to 7a.
化简 – 将表达式改写为最紧凑的形式，通常通过合并同类项实现。2a + 5a 化简为 7a。
Evaluate – To find the numerical value of an expression by substituting a number for each variable. Evaluate 3n + 2 when n = 4 gives 14.
求值 – 将每个变量替换为一个数，从而求出表达式的数值。当 n = 4 时，计算 3n + 2 的值得 14。
3. Equations and Inequalities | 方程与不等式
Equation – A mathematical statement showing that two expressions are equal, using the sign =. Example: 2x + 1 = 7.
方程 – 用等号 = 表示两个表达式相等的数学语句。例如：2x + 1 = 7。
Solve – To find the value of the variable that makes the equation true. Solving x + 3 = 8 gives x = 5.
解 – 求出使方程成立的变量的值。解方程 x + 3 = 8 得 x = 5。
Solution – The value (or values) that satisfies an equation. The solution to 2y = 10 is y = 5.
解（答案） – 满足方程的值。方程 2y = 10 的解是 y = 5。
Inequality – A statement that compares two expressions using signs such as <, >, ≤, ≥. Example: a > 3 means a is greater than 3.
不等式 – 使用 <、>、≤、≥ 等符号比较两个表达式的语句。例如：a > 3 表示 a 大于 3。
Less than / Greater than – < means 'is less than'; > means ‘is greater than’. 4 < 9 and −1 > −5.
小于 / 大于 – < 表示“小于”；> 表示“大于”。4 < 9 且 −1 > −5。
At most / At least – ≤ means ‘less than or equal to’ (at most); ≥ means ‘greater than or equal to’ (at least). x ≤ 10 means x is at most 10.
不超过 / 至少 – ≤ 表示“小于或等于”（不超过）；≥ 表示“大于或等于”（至少）。x ≤ 10 表示 x 不超过 10。
Balance method – A technique for solving equations by performing the same operation on both sides to keep the equation ‘balanced’.
平衡法 – 一种解方程的方法，通过在等号两边同时执行相同的运算来保持方程“平衡”。
4. Sequences and Patterns | 序列与模式
Sequence – An ordered list of numbers that follow a rule. 2, 4, 6, 8 … is a sequence of even numbers.
序列 – 按照某种规则排列的一列有序数字。2, 4, 6, 8 …… 是一个偶数序列。
Term – Each number in a sequence is called a term. In the sequence 5, 10, 15, 20, the third term is 15.
项 – 序列中的每个数字称为一项。在序列 5, 10, 15, 20 中，第三项是 15。
Term-to-term rule – A rule that tells you how to get from one term to the next. Adding 4 each time is a term-to-term rule.
逐项规则 – 说明如何从一个项得到下一个项的规则。每次加 4 就是一个逐项规则。
Position-to-term rule – A rule that links a term’s position in the sequence (n) to its value. For 3, 6, 9, 12, the rule is 3n.
项位置规则 – 将项在序列中的位置 (n) 与其值联系起来的规则。序列 3, 6, 9, 12 的规则是 3n。
Arithmetic sequence – A sequence where the difference between consecutive terms is constant. 1, 4, 7, 10 has a common difference of 3.
等差数列 – 相邻两项的差保持不变的序列。序列 1, 4, 7, 10 的公差为 3。
Common difference – The fixed amount added (or subtracted) to get from one term to the next in an arithmetic sequence.
公差 – 在等差数列中，从一个项到下一个项所增加（或减去）的固定值。
5. Fractions, Decimals and Percentages | 分数、小数与百分比
Numerator – The top number in a fraction; it tells how many parts you have. In 3/4, 3 is the numerator.
分子 – 分数线上方的数，表示拥有多少份。在 3/4 中，3 是分子。
Denominator – The bottom number in a fraction; it shows how many equal parts the whole is divided into. In 3/4, 4 is the denominator.
分母 – 分数线下方的数，表示整体被平均分成多少份。在 3/4 中，4 是分母。
Proper fraction – A fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator. Examples: 2/5, 7/10. The value is less than 1.
真分数 – 分子小于分母的分数。例如：2/5、7/10。其值小于 1。
Improper fraction – A fraction where the numerator is larger than or equal to the denominator. 9/4 is an improper fraction.
假分数 – 分子大于或等于分母的分数。9/4 是一个假分数。
Mixed number – A number made up of a whole number and a proper fraction. 2 ½ is a mixed number.
带分数 – 由一个整数和一个真分数组成的数。2 ½ 是一个带分数。
Equivalent fractions – Different fractions that represent the same value. 1/2, 2/4 and 3/6 are equivalent.
等值分数 – 表示相同值但形式不同的分数。1/2、2/4 和 3/6 是等值分数。
Decimal – A special way of writing fractions using a decimal point. 0.75 means 75/100 or 3/4.
小数 – 使用小数点书写分数的一种特殊方式。0.75 表示 75/100 或 3/4。
Percentage – A way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100, using the symbol %. 25% means 25 out of 100, which is 1/4.
百分比 – 使用符号 % 将数字表示为百分之几的方式。25% 表示 100 份中的 25 份，即 1/4。
6. Data Handling and Statistics | 数据处理与统计
Data – Information collected for analysis. Data can be numbers, words, measurements, or observations.
数据 – 为分析而收集的信息。数据可以是数字、文字、测量值或观察结果。
Tally chart – A table that uses tally marks to record and count frequencies. Each group of five often has the fifth mark crossing the first four.
计数表 – 使用计数记号记录和统计频数的表格。通常每五个一组，第五个记号会划过前四个。
Frequency – How often something occurs. In a tally chart, the frequency tells the total count for each category.
频数 – 某事物出现的次数。在计数表中，频数表示每个类别的总出现次数。
Bar chart – A graph that uses rectangular bars to represent data. The height or length of a bar shows the frequency.
条形图 – 使用矩形条表示数据的图表。条的高度或长度代表频数。
Pictogram – A chart that uses pictures or symbols to represent data. Each symbol might represent 1, 2, 5, or 10 items.
象形统计图 – 使用图片或符号表示数据的图表。每个符号可能代表 1、2、5 或 10 个项目。
Mean – The average found by adding all values and dividing by the number of values. The mean of 4, 6, 8 is (4+6+8)÷3 = 6.
平均数（均值） – 将所有数值相加后除以数值的个数得出的平均值。4、6、8 的平均数是 (4+6+8)÷3 = 6。
Median – The middle value when data is arranged in order. The median of 1, 3, 9 is 3; for an even set, average the two middle numbers.
中位数 – 将数据按顺序排列后位于中间的数值。1, 3, 9 的中位数是 3；如果是偶数个数据，则取中间两个数的平均数。
Mode – The value that appears most often. In 2, 4, 4, 5, the mode is 4. A data set can have more than one mode or no mode.
众数 – 出现次数最多的值。在 2, 4, 4, 5 中，众数是 4。一组数据可以有多个众数或没有众数。
Range – The difference between the largest and smallest values. The range of 3, 7, 10 is 10 − 3 = 7.
极差 – 最大值与最小值之间的差值。3, 7, 10 的极差是 10 − 3 = 7。
7. Probability Terms | 概率术语
Probability – A measure of how likely an event is to happen, often expressed as a fraction, decimal, or percentage between 0 and 1.
概率 – 衡量一个事件发生可能性程度的量，通常用介于 0 和 1 之间的分数、小数或百分比表示。
Outcome – A possible result of an experiment or trial. Rolling a die can give outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
结果 – 实验或试验的一个可能发生的情况。掷骰子可能出现的结果有 1、2、3、4、5、6。
Event – One or more outcomes that share a particular property. ‘Rolling an even number’ is an event.
事件 – 具有特定性质的一个或多个结果的集合。‘掷出偶数’是一个事件。
Impossible – An event with probability 0; it can never happen. Rolling a 7 on a standard 1–6 die is impossible.
不可能 – 概率为 0 的事件；它永远不会发生。在标准 1–6 骰子上掷出 7 是不可能的。
Certain – An event with probability 1; it will definitely happen. The sun rising tomorrow is certain.
必然 – 概率为 1 的事件；它一定会发生。明天太阳升起是必然事件。
Even chance – A probability of 1/2 or 0.5, meaning the event is just as likely to happen as not. Flipping a fair coin gives an even chance of heads.
等可能性（均等机会） – 概率为 1/2 或 0.5，意味着事件发生与不发生的可能性相等。抛一枚公平硬币出现正面的机会是均等的。
Probability scale – A line from 0 to 1 used to position events according to their likelihood. 0 is impossible, 1 is certain, and 0.5 marks an even chance.
概率标尺 – 从 0 到 1 的线段，用于根据可能性大小标记事件。0 表示不可能，1 表示必然，0.5 表示均等机会。
8. Geometry: Shapes and Angles | 几何：图形与角度
Angle – The space between two intersecting lines, measured in degrees (°).
角 – 两条相交线之间的空间，以度 (°) 为单位测量。
Acute angle – An angle that measures less than 90°. A 45° angle is acute.
锐角 – 小于 90° 的角。45° 的角是锐角。
Right angle – An angle of exactly 90°, often marked with a small square. The corner of a piece of paper is a right angle.
直角 – 恰好为 90° 的角，通常用一个小方框标记。一张纸的角就是直角。
Obtuse angle – An angle greater than 90° but less than 180°. A 120° angle is obtuse.
钝角 – 大于 90° 且小于 180° 的角。120° 的角是钝角。
Reflex angle – An angle greater than 180° but less than 360°. 250° is a reflex angle.
优角（反射角） – 大于 180° 且小于 360° 的角。250° 是优角。
Polygon – A closed 2D shape with straight sides. Triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons are polygons.
多边形 – 由直边围成的封闭二维图形。三角形、四边形、五边形都是多边形。
Quadrilateral – A polygon with exactly four sides. Examples: square, rectangle, rhombus,
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