Year 7 Edexcel PE Unit Test Mock Paper Walkthrough | 七年级爱德思体育单元测试模拟卷解析

📚 Year 7 Edexcel PE Unit Test Mock Paper Walkthrough | 七年级爱德思体育单元测试模拟卷解析

This article walks you through a Year 7 Edexcel PE unit test mock paper, providing model answers and detailed explanations for each question type. Whether you’re preparing for a fitness test, skill assessment, or written exam, you’ll learn how to apply key concepts in physical education.

本文带你通关一份七年级爱德思体育单元测试模拟卷，提供每个题型的参考答案与详细解析。无论你是在准备体能测试、技能评估还是书面考试，你都将学会如何应用体育学科的核心概念。

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1. Mock Paper Overview | 模拟卷概览

The mock paper is divided into three sections: multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, and data analysis / application tasks. The multiple-choice section tests recall of fitness components, training principles, and health knowledge. The short-answer section asks you to explain concepts like warm-up, cool-down, or rules in games. The data analysis task involves reading heart rate tables or performance logs and drawing conclusions. Understanding this structure helps you allocate time wisely.

模拟卷分为三个部分：选择题、简答题以及数据分析/应用任务。选择题部分考察对体能要素、训练原则和健康知识的记忆。简答题要求你解释诸如热身、放松或比赛规则等概念。数据分析任务涉及阅读心率表格或成绩日志并得出结论。理解这个结构有助于合理分配时间。

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2. Multiple-Choice: Fitness Components | 选择题：体能要素

Question: Which component of fitness is primarily developed by a gymnast holding a V-sit? A. Balance B. Muscular endurance C. Speed D. Reaction time

问题：体操运动员在保持V字支撑时主要发展哪项体能？ A. 平衡 B. 肌肉耐力 C. 速度 D. 反应时

The correct answer is B. A V-sit requires the abdominal and hip flexor muscles to contract continuously over time without movement, which directly improves muscular endurance. Balance involves maintaining the centre of mass, but the V-sit is primarily a strength-endurance challenge. Speed and reaction time are irrelevant in this isometric hold.

正确答案是B。V字支撑要求腹部和髋屈肌持续收缩而不运动，这直接提高了肌肉耐力。平衡涉及维持重心，但V字支撑主要是力量耐力的挑战。速度和反应时与这个静力动作无关。

Question: Which test is used to measure cardiovascular endurance? A. Sit and reach test B. Multi-stage fitness test (bleep test) C. Handgrip dynamometer test D. Vertical jump test

问题：哪项测试用于测量心血管耐力？ A. 坐位体前屈测试 B. 多阶段体能测试（哔哔声测试） C. 握力计测试 D. 纵跳测试

The correct answer is B. The multi-stage fitness test involves running back and forth between two lines in time with beeps, which get progressively faster. It measures maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) and cardiovascular endurance. The sit and reach test measures flexibility, the handgrip dynamometer measures muscular strength, and the vertical jump measures explosive power (anaerobic power).

正确答案是B。多阶段体能测试要求在两线之间随着哔声来回跑动，速度逐渐加快。它测量最大摄氧量（VO₂ max）和心血管耐力。坐位体前屈测试测量柔韧性，握力计测试测量肌肉力量，纵跳测试测量爆发力（无氧功率）。

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3. Multiple-Choice: Training Principles | 选择题：训练原则

Question: A weightlifter increases the weight she lifts each week. Which training principle does this illustrate? A. Specificity B. Overload C. Reversibility D. Tedium

问题：一位举重运动员每周增加所举的重量。这体现了哪项训练原则？ A. 专项性 B. 超负荷 C. 可逆性 D. 单调性

Option B is correct. Overload means placing greater demands on the body than it is used to, which forces adaptations leading to improved fitness. Gradually increasing weight is a classic application of the overload principle. Specificity refers to training that matches the demands of the sport, reversibility is the loss of fitness when training stops, and tedium is boredom from monotonous training.

选项B正确。超负荷是指对身体施加比平时更大的需求，迫使身体适应以提高体能。逐渐增加重量是超负荷原则的经典应用。专项性指训练与运动需求相匹配，可逆性指停止训练后体能下降，单调性指由于训练单调而产生厌倦。

Question: Why should a 100-metre sprinter mainly perform short, explosive drills rather than long-distance running? A. Progression B. Specificity C. Reversibility D. Overload

问题：为什么100米短跑运动员主要进行短距离爆发力训练而不是长跑？ A. 循序渐进 B. 专项性 C. 可逆性 D. 超负荷

The answer is B. The principle of specificity states that training must be relevant to the sport. Sprinting relies on anaerobic energy systems and fast-twitch muscle fibres, so short explosive drills replicate the exact demands of the event. Long-distance running would target aerobic capacity, which is not the primary requirement for a sprinter.

答案是B。专项性原则指出训练必须与运动项目相关。短跑依赖无氧能量系统和快缩肌纤维，因此短距离爆发力训练能精确复制比赛的需求。长跑则针对有氧能力，这不是短跑运动员的主要需求。

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4. Short-Answer: Warm-Up and Cool-Down | 简答题：热身与放松

Question: Explain three benefits of a warm-up before a football match. (3 marks)

问题：解释足球赛前热身的三个好处。（3分）

A good answer includes: 1) It increases heart rate and blood flow to muscles, delivering more oxygen for performance. 2) It raises muscle temperature, which improves flexibility and reduces the risk of injury such as strains. 3) It mentally prepares the player, sharpening reaction time and focus. Other accepted points: rehearsal of sport-specific skills, activation of neural pathways.

一份好的答案包括：1）提高心率和肌肉血液流动，为运动表现输送更多氧气。2）提升肌肉温度，提高柔韧性并减少拉伤等受伤风险。3）让运动员心理上做好准备，提高反应时间和专注度。其他可接受的要点：演练专项技能、激活神经通路。

Question: State two reasons for a cool-down after exercise. (2 marks)

问题：说明运动后进行放松活动的两个理由。（2分）

The cool-down helps gradually lower heart rate and prevent blood pooling, which could cause dizziness. It also aids in the removal of lactic acid and reduces muscle soreness. Light stretching can maintain flexibility.

放松活动有助于逐渐降低心率，防止血液淤积引发头晕。它还有助于清除乳酸并减轻肌肉酸痛。轻度拉伸可以保持柔韧性。

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5. Short-Answer: Bones and Muscles | 简答题：骨骼与肌肉

Question: Name two bones in the leg and state their functions. (4 marks)

问题：说出腿部的两块骨骼并说明它们的功能。（4分）

Femur (thigh bone): It is the longest and strongest bone in the body. Its function is to support body weight during standing, walking and running, and it acts as a lever for powerful leg movements. Tibia (shin bone): It bears most of the body’s weight and provides attachment for muscles that move the foot and ankle. The tibia also works with the fibula to stabilise the lower leg.

股骨（大腿骨）：它是人体最长最结实的骨骼。其功能是在站立、行走和跑步时支撑体重，并作为杠杆进行有力的腿部运动。胫骨（小腿内侧骨）：它承受身体大部分重量，并为移动脚和踝的肌肉提供附着点。胫骨与腓骨共同稳定小腿。

Question: Which muscle contracts to bend the arm at the elbow? What is its opposing muscle? (2 marks)

问题：哪块肌肉收缩使手臂在肘部弯曲？它的拮抗肌是哪块？（2分）

The biceps brachii contracts to flex the elbow. Its opposing muscle is the triceps brachii, which extends the arm. These work as an antagonistic pair.

肱二头肌收缩使肘关节屈曲。它的拮抗肌是肱三头肌，负责伸展手臂。它们作为拮抗肌对协同工作。

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6. Data Analysis: Heart Rate | 数据分析：心率

Scenario: A student recorded the following heart rates: Resting = 72 bpm; after 5-minute jog = 135 bpm; after 10-minute rest = 80 bpm.

场景：一名学生记录了以下心率：安静心率 = 72 bpm；慢跑5分钟后 = 135 bpm；休息10分钟后 = 80 bpm。

Question: Calculate the increase in heart rate from resting to the end of the jog. What does the recovery heart rate suggest about his fitness? (3 marks)

问题：计算从安静状态到慢跑结束时心率的增加值。恢复心率对他的体能水平意味着什么？（3分）

Increase = 135 – 72 = 63 beats per minute. The heart rate dropped to 80 bpm after 10 minutes, which is close to the resting value. A quick recovery indicates a good level of cardiovascular fitness because the heart returns to its resting state efficiently.

增加值 = 135 – 72 = 63 次/分。休息10分钟后心率降回80 bpm，接近安静水平。快速恢复表明心血管适能良好，因为心脏能高效地恢复到静息状态。

Maximum Heart Rate = 220 – age

最大心率 = 220 – 年龄

If the student is 12 years old, maximum heart rate is 220 – 12 = 208 bpm. The jogging intensity was about 65% of max HR, which falls in the aerobic training zone.

如果该学生12岁，最大心率为 220 – 12 = 208 bpm。慢跑强度约为最大心率的65%，处于有氧训练区间。

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7. Rules and Tactics: Invasion Games | 规则与战术：入侵类运动

Question: Explain the offside rule in football and why it is important for fair play. (4 marks)

问题：解释足球中的越位规则，并说明它对公平竞赛为何重要。（4分）

A player is in an offside position if they are nearer to the opponent’s goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent (usually the last defender besides the goalkeeper) at the moment the ball is played to them. Being in an offside position is not an offence unless they become involved in active play by interfering with an opponent or gaining an advantage. This rule prevents goal-hanging, encourages tactical build-up, and makes the game fairer.

当队员在同伴传球的瞬间，比球和倒数第二个对方队员（通常是除守门员外的最后一名防守队员）更靠近对方球门线时，即处于越位位置。仅仅处于越位位置并不犯规，除非他卷入比赛，干扰对方队员或因此获利。这条规则防止在门前伺机不动，鼓励战术组织，使比赛更公平。

Question: In netball, name two playing positions and describe their main roles. (4 marks)

问题：在英式篮球中，说出两个场上位置并描述其主要职责。（4分）

Goal Shooter (GS): Works in the shooting circle, moves to receive passes,

Published by TutorHao | Year 7 体育 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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