📚 Year 7 SQA English: Comparing UK University Entry Requirements | 七年级 SQA 英语：英国大学申请要求对照
Have you ever wondered how students from different parts of the UK apply to university? The United Kingdom may be one country, but it has several different education systems. In this article, we will compare the qualifications that universities look for when they offer places. This will help you understand the routes available, especially if you are studying in Scotland under the SQA system. You will learn about A-levels, Highers, UCAS tariff points and more.
你有没有想过英国不同地区的学生如何申请大学？英国虽然是一个国家，但却有好几个不同的教育体系。在这篇文章中，我们将比较大学在录取时所要求的资格证书。这将帮助你理解现有的升学路径，特别是如果你在苏格兰就读 SQA 体系。你将了解 A-level、Highers、UCAS 分数等更多信息。
1. The UK’s Four Education Systems | 英国的四大教育体系
Before we look at entry requirements, it is important to know that each nation in the UK manages its own schools and exams. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland all have separate qualifications. However, all of them are accepted by UK universities.
在我们查看入学要求之前，先要了解英国的每个地区都管理着自己的学校和考试。英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰各自有不同的资格证书。但是，所有这些资格都被英国大学所接受。
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the main pre-university qualification is the A-level. Students usually study three or four subjects in depth. In Scotland, students take Highers and Advanced Highers, which are part of the SQA framework.
在英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，主要的大学预科资格是 A-level。学生通常深入攻读三到四门科目。在苏格兰，学生参加 Highers 和 Advanced Highers，它们是 SQA 框架的一部分。
There are also vocational qualifications like BTECs in England and National Qualifications in Scotland. Universities consider all of these when making offers.
还有职业资格，比如英格兰的 BTEC 和苏格兰的 National Qualifications。大学在发放录取时都会考虑这些。
2. A-levels: The English Benchmark | A-level：英国的基准考试
A-levels are graded from A* down to E, with A* being the highest. Most students start with AS-levels in Year 12 and continue to A2 in Year 13. A typical university offer might be A*AA for a competitive course like Economics.
A-level 的成绩从 A* 到 E，A* 为最高。大多数学生在 12 年级开始 AS-level，然后在 13 年级继续修读 A2。对于像经济学这样的竞争性课程，典型的大学录取要求可能是 A*AA。
Students usually choose subjects that are relevant to the degree they want to pursue. For example, to study Engineering, you might need A-level Mathematics and Physics.
学生通常会选择与自己想攻读的学位相关的科目。例如，要学习工程学，你可能需要 A-level 数学和物理。
Universities often express offers in terms of grades, but they also look at the UCAS tariff points that A-levels carry. An A* at A-level is worth 56 points, an A is 48, and a B is 40.
大学通常用分数等级来表示录取要求，但他们也会看 A-level 对应的 UCAS 分数。A-level 的 A* 价值 56 分，A 是 48 分，B 是 40 分。
3. Scotland’s SQA Highers and Advanced Highers | 苏格兰的 SQA Highers 与 Advanced Highers
In Scotland, students in S5 (Year 12 equivalent) typically sit for Highers. The grades are A, B, C, and D. In S6, they may take Advanced Highers, which are similar to A-levels in depth. An Advanced Higher A is worth 56 tariff points, the same as an A* at A-level.
在苏格兰，S5（相当于 12 年级）的学生通常参加 Highers 考试。成绩等级为 A、B、C 和 D。在 S6，他们可以参加 Advanced Highers，其深度与 A-level 类似。Advanced Higher 的 A 等级价值 56 个 UCAS 分数，相当于 A-level 的 A*。
A common offer for a Scottish university might be AAAB at Higher for courses like Law. For very competitive courses, universities may ask for Advanced Highers, such as A,B at Advanced Higher plus AA at Higher.
苏格兰大学常见的录取要求可能是 Highers 的 AAAB（例如法律课程）。对于非常抢手的课程，大学可能会要求 Advanced Highers，比如两门 Advanced Higher 成绩 A、B 外加 Highers 的 AA。
Because Scottish degrees usually last four years, first-year entry can be with Highers, but Advanced Highers can give direct entry to the second year at some universities.
由于苏格兰的本科学位通常为四年制，凭 Highers 可以入读第一年，但凭借 Advanced Highers，有些大学可以直接进入第二年。
4. Vocational and Alternative Qualifications | 职业与其他替代性资格
Besides academic qualifications, many students take vocational courses like BTEC Nationals in England or SVQs in Scotland. These are work-related and assessed through coursework. Universities accept these on their own or combined with academic qualifications.
除了学术资格，很多学生还修读职业课程，如英格兰的 BTEC Nationals 或苏格兰的 SVQs。这些课程与工作相关，通过课业进行评估。大学可以单独接受这些资格，或与学术资格相结合。
A Level 3 BTEC Extended Diploma is equivalent to three A-levels and can earn up to 168 tariff points. Scottish National Progression Awards and HNC/HND qualifications can also meet entry requirements.
三级 BTEC 扩展文凭相当于 A-level 三科，最多可获得 168 个 UCAS 分数。苏格兰的 National Progression Awards 和 HNC/HND 资格也可以满足入学要求。
5. UCAS Tariff Points Explained | UCAS 分数系统说明
The UCAS tariff is a points system used to compare different qualifications. Each grade in each qualification has a point value. Universities set entry requirements as a total tariff score, for example, 120 points. This helps them compare applicants with mixed qualifications.
UCAS 分数是一个用来比较不同资格的点数系统。每一种资格的每一个等级都有一个分数值。大学把入学要求设定为总分，例如 120 分。这有助于他们比较拥有混合资格的申请者。
Here are some examples: A-level grade A = 48 points, B = 40, C = 32. Scottish Higher A = 33 points, B = 27. An Advanced Higher A = 56 points. So, three A-levels at B,B,B would give 120 points, while four Scottish Highers at A,A,B,B would give 126 points (33+33+27+27).
以下是一些例子：A-level 等级 A=48 分，B=40 分，C=32 分。苏格兰 Higher A=33 分，B=27 分。Advanced Higher A=56 分。因此，三个 A-level 成绩 B、B、B 可获得 120 分，而四门苏格兰 Highers 成绩 A、A、B、B 可获得 126 分（33+33+27+27）。
Not all universities use tariff points; some make offers based on specific grades in named subjects.
并非所有大学都使用 UCAS 分数；有些大学是根据指定科目的具体等级来发放录取。
6. Typical Grade Requirements for Popular Courses | 热门课程的典型成绩要求
Let’s compare what a student from England and a student from Scotland might need for the same degree. For a History degree at a Russell Group university, the English applicant might need A-level grades AAA. The Scottish applicant might need Higher grades AAAB, or in some cases, two Advanced Highers at AB plus Higher AA.
让我们比较一下来自英格兰和苏格兰的学生对于同一学位的要求。对于罗素集团大学的历史学位，英格兰申请者可能需要 A-level 成绩 AAA。苏格兰申请者可能需要 Highers 成绩 AAAB，或在某些情况下需要两门 Advanced Higher AB 加上 Higher AA。
For Medicine, requirements are very high. In England, typical offers are A*AA or AAA, including Chemistry and Biology. In Scotland, you might need AAAAB at Higher by the end of S5, plus Advanced Higher in Chemistry and another science at grades A,B.
对于医学，要求非常高。在英格兰，典型的录取是 A*AA 或 AAA，其中包括化学和生物。在苏格兰，你可能需要在 S5 结束时获得 Higher 的 AAAAB，外加化学和另一门科学的 Advanced Higher 成绩 A、B。
7. Subject-Specific Requirements | 特定科目的要求
Many university courses require specific subjects at certain grades. For Engineering, Mathematics is nearly always essential. For English Literature, you usually need an A-level or Higher in English.
许多大学课程要求特定科目的特定等级。对于工程学，数学几乎是必不可少的
Published by TutorHao | Year 7 English Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
屏轩国际教育cambridge primary/secondary checkpoint, cat4, ukiset,ukcat,igcse,alevel,PAT,STEP,MAT, ibdp,ap,ssat,sat,sat2课程辅导，国外大学本科硕士研究生博士课程论文辅导