📚 Year 7 WJEC Computer Science: Essay Writing Framework and Model Answers | Year 7 WJEC 计算机：论文写作框架与范文
In Year 7 WJEC Computer Science, you will often be asked to write short essays or extended answers. These tasks test not just your knowledge of topics like hardware, software, and digital safety, but also your ability to structure ideas clearly, use technical vocabulary, and support your points with examples. This guide provides a reliable writing framework and several model answers designed to help you achieve top marks in your assessments.
在 Year 7 WJEC 计算机科学课程中，你经常需要撰写短文或进行扩展回答。这些任务不仅考察你对硬件、软件和数字安全等主题的知识，还考验你清晰组织观点、使用技术词汇并用例子支撑论点的能力。本指南提供可靠的写作框架和多篇范文，旨在帮助你在评估中获得高分。
1. Understanding the Essay Structure | 理解论文结构
An effective computer science essay has three parts: an introduction, several body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
一篇有效的计算机科学论文有三个部分：引言、若干主体段落和结论。
The introduction briefly states what you will discuss, often by rephrasing the question and outlining your main points.
引言简要说明你将讨论的内容，通常是通过改写题目并概述你的主要观点。
Body paragraphs each focus on one main idea, explained with technical details and real‑world examples.
每个主体段落聚焦一个主要想法，并用技术细节和现实世界的例子加以解释。
The conclusion sums up your answer, reinforces your key arguments, and should not introduce any new information.
结论总结你的答案，强化关键论点，不应引入任何新信息。
Keeping this simple structure in mind helps your writing stay logical and easy for examiners to follow.
牢记这个简单的结构有助于你的写作保持逻辑，并使考官易于理解。
2. The PEEL Paragraph Framework | PEEL 段落框架
The PEEL method helps you build strong body paragraphs and is highly recommended for WJEC essays.
PEEL 方法帮助你构建有力的主体段落，在 WJEC 论文中强烈推荐使用。
Point: state the main idea of the paragraph in a clear topic sentence.
Point: 用清晰的主题句陈述段落的主要观点。
Evidence: provide a specific example, fact, or technical term to support your point.
Evidence: 提供具体的例子、事实或技术术语来支持你的观点。
Explanation: show how the evidence proves your point, often using linking words like ‘because’ or ‘therefore’.
Explanation: 展示证据如何证明你的观点，通常使用“因为”或“因此”等连接词。
Link: connect the paragraph back to the question or lead smoothly into the next paragraph.
Link: 将段落回扣到问题，或者平滑过渡到下一个段落。
For example, when answering a question about input devices, a PEEL paragraph might be structured as follows:
例如，在回答关于输入设备的问题时，一段 PEEL 段落可以这样构造：
A keyboard is an input device that allows users to enter text and commands into the computer. (Point)
键盘是一种输入设备，允许用户向计算机输入文本和命令。（Point）
When a key is pressed, the keyboard sends a unique key code to the processor. (Evidence)
当按下按键时，键盘向处理器发送一个唯一的键码。（Evidence）
This means the computer can interpret the signal and display the correct character on screen. (Explanation)
这意味着计算机可以解读该信号，并在屏幕上显示正确的字符。（Explanation）
Therefore, the keyboard is essential for text‑based communication with the computer. (Link)
因此，键盘对于与计算机进行基于文本的通信至关重要。（Link）
3. Model Answer: Input and Output Devices | 范文：输入与输出设备
Question: “Describe the difference between input and output devices, giving examples.” (6 marks)
题目：“描述输入设备和输出设备的区别，并给出例子。”（6 分）
Input devices send data into the computer; output devices present processed data back to the user.
输入设备将数据送入计算机；输出设备将处理后的数据呈现给用户。
For instance, a mouse is an input device because it controls an on‑screen pointer and sends click signals to the system.
例如，鼠标是一种输入设备，因为它控制屏幕指针并向系统发送点击信号。
A monitor is an output device, as it displays the images, videos, and text generated by the computer’s graphics processor.
显示器是一种输出设备，因为它显示由计算机图形处理器生成的图像、视频和文本。
Other common input devices include keyboards, webcams, microphones, and touchscreens.
其他常见的输入设备包括键盘、网络摄像头、麦克风和触摸屏。
Examples of output devices are printers, speakers, projectors, and headphones.
输出设备的例子有打印机、扬声器、投影仪和耳机。
To conclude, input and output devices are both essential for communication between the user and the computer system.
总之，输入和输出设备对于用户与计算机系统之间的通信都至关重要。
4. Model Answer: Staying Safe Online | 范文：安全上网
Question: “Explain why it is important to stay safe online and describe three ways to protect yourself.” (6 marks)
题目：“解释为什么保持网络安全很重要，并描述三种保护自己的方法。”（6 分）
Staying safe online is crucial because personal information, such as your full name, address, or passwords, can be stolen and misused by criminals.
网络安全至关重要，因为个人信息，如你的全名、地址或密码，可能被犯罪分子窃取和滥用。
One effective way to protect yourself is to create strong passwords that mix uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols, making them hard to guess.
一种有效的自我保护方法是创建强密码，混合大小写字母、数字和符号，使密码难以猜出。
Another method is never to share personal details with strangers online, even if they seem friendly, because you cannot always verify their real identity.
另一种方法是绝不与网上陌生人分享个人详情，即使他们看起来很友好，因为你无法总是核实他们的真实身份。
You should also be cautious when clicking links or downloading attachments in emails, as these may lead to phishing sites or contain malware that harms your device.
你还应谨慎点击电子邮件中的链接或下载附件，因为它们可能导向钓鱼网站或包含损害你设备的恶意软件。
By following these practices, you greatly reduce the risk of cyberbullying, identity theft, and computer viruses.
通过遵守这些做法，你能够大大降低遭受网络欺凌、身份盗窃和计算机病毒的风险。
Therefore, online safety must be a top priority for every responsible computer user.
因此，在线安全必须成为每位负责任计算机用户的首要事项。
5. Model Answer: How Computers Store Data (Binary) | 范文：计算机如何存储数据（二进制）
Question: “Explain how computers use binary to represent numbers and text.” (6 marks)
题目：“解释计算机如何使用二进制表示数字和文本。”（6 分）
Computers use binary, a base‑2 number system that consists of only two digits: 0 and 1.
计算机使用二进制，一种仅由两个数字 0 和 1 组成的基‑2 数字系统。
Each binary digit (bit) represents a power of two. For example, the binary number 1010 is calculated as (1 × 2³) + (0 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) + (0 × 2⁰) = 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 10 in decimal.
每个二进制数字（比特）代表 2 的幂。例如，二进制数 1010 的计算方式为 (1 × 2³) + (0 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) + (0 × 2⁰) = 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 10（十进制）。
To represent text, computers use character encoding systems such as ASCII, where each character is assigned a unique 7‑bit or 8‑bit binary number.
为了表示文本，计算机使用 ASCII 等字符编码系统，其中每个字符分配一个唯一的 7 位或 8 位二进制数。
For instance, the uppercase letter ‘A’ has an ASCII code of 65, which in an 8‑bit binary format is 0100 0001.
例如，大写字母 ‘A’ 的 ASCII 码为 65，在 8 位二进制格式中为 0100 0001。
By combining long sequences of bits, computers can store not only numbers and text but also images, sounds, and video.
通过组合长序列的比特，计算机不仅可以存储数字和文本，还可以存储图像、声音和视频。
In summary, binary is the fundamental language of all modern digital devices.
总之，二进制是所有现代数字设备的基础语言。
6. Model Answer: System Software vs Application Software | 范文：系统软件与应用软件
Question: “Explain the difference between system software and application software, giving examples.” (6 marks)
题目：“解释系统软件和应用软件的区别，并给出例子。”（6 分）
System software is designed to manage the computer’s hardware and provide a platform for running application software.
系统软件旨在管理计算机的硬件，并为运行应用软件提供平台。
The most important example is the operating system, such as Microsoft Windows, macOS, or Linux.
最重要的例子是操作系统，如 Microsoft Windows、macOS 或 Linux。
Application software, on the other hand, helps users perform specific tasks like creating documents, browsing the internet, or editing photos.
另一方面，应用软件帮助用户执行特定任务，如创建文档、浏览互联网或编辑照片。
Examples of application software include word processors (Microsoft Word), web browsers (Google Chrome), and spreadsheet programs (Microsoft Excel).
应用软件的例子包括文字处理器（Microsoft Word）、网页浏览器（Google Chrome）和电子表格程序（Microsoft Excel）。
Published by TutorHao | Year 7 Computer Science Revision Series | aleveler.com
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