Year 8 CIE Drama: Quick Guide to Key Vocabulary and Terms | Year 8 CIE 戏剧：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 8 CIE Drama: Quick Guide to Key Vocabulary and Terms | Year 8 CIE 戏剧：词汇术语速记指南

Whether you are preparing for a practical performance, a written exam on drama, or simply want to strengthen your theatrical vocabulary, this quick guide covers the essential terms you will encounter in Year 8 CIE Drama. Understanding these keywords will help you communicate more clearly during rehearsals, analyse plays more effectively, and impress your teacher with precise terminology.

无论你是在准备实践表演、戏剧笔试，还是只是想加强你的戏剧词汇，本速记指南涵盖了你将在 Year 8 CIE 戏剧中遇到的基本术语。理解这些关键词将帮助你在排练时更清晰地交流，更有效地分析剧本，并用准确的术语给老师留下深刻印象。

1. Vocal and Speech Skills | 声音与语言技能

Projection – The ability to use your voice so that it carries to the back of the audience without shouting. It relies on breath support, resonance, and clear diction to ensure every word is heard.

投射 – 让你的声音无需喊叫就能传达到观众席最后一排的能力。它依靠气息支持、共鸣和清晰的吐字，确保每个词都能被听见。

Articulation – The clarity with which you pronounce consonants and vowels. Good articulation prevents words from becoming muffled and helps the audience understand the dialogue even at a distance.

吐字清晰 – 发出辅音和元音时的清晰程度。良好的吐字能避免词语含混不清，使观众即使距离较远也能听懂对话。

Pitch – How high or low your voice sounds. Varying pitch adds interest to your delivery and can show a character’s emotion, such as excitement (higher pitch) or sadness (lower pitch).

音高 – 声音听起来的高低程度。变化音高能让台词更富有吸引力，并能展现角色的情绪，例如兴奋（较高音高）或悲伤（较低音高）。

Pace – The speed at which you speak. A fast pace can suggest urgency or nervousness, while a slow pace might indicate calmness, authority, or thoughtfulness.

语速 – 说话的速率。快速的语速可以表达急切或紧张，而缓慢的语速则可能暗示冷静、权威或沉思。

Pause – A deliberate stop in speech used for dramatic effect. A well-timed pause can build tension, give the audience time to react, or highlight a key word or moment.

停顿 – 为营造戏剧效果而故意停止说话。时机恰当的停顿可以营造紧张感，给观众反应的时间，或突出关键词和关键时刻。

Emphasis – Stressing a particular word or phrase to make it stand out. By placing emphasis on a word, you can change the meaning of a sentence and reveal a character’s true intention.

强调 – 重读某个词或短语以使其突出。通过对某个词加以强调，你可以改变句子的含义，并揭示角色的真实意图。

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2. Physical and Movement Skills | 身体与动作技能

Facial Expression – How a performer uses their face to communicate emotion or reaction. Raised eyebrows, a tight jaw, or a wide smile all help the audience read a character’s inner state without words.

面部表情 – 表演者如何用面部传达情绪或反应。扬起的眉毛、紧绷的下巴或灿烂的笑容，都能帮助观众在无台词的情况下读懂角色的内心状态。

Gesture – A specific movement of the hand or arm that conveys meaning, such as pointing, waving, or clenching a fist. Gestures often work alongside speech, but can also replace words entirely.

手势 – 传达含义的手或手臂的特定动作，例如指向、挥手或握拳。手势通常与台词配合使用，但也可以完全替代语言。

Body Language – The messages sent by your whole body through stance, movement, and tension. Slumped shoulders might show defeat, while an open, upright posture can suggest confidence.

身体语言 – 整个身体通过站姿、动作和紧张程度传递的信息。耷拉的肩膀可能表现出挫败，而舒展直立的姿态则可能体现自信。

Posture – The way you hold your body while standing or sitting. A character’s posture tells the audience about their status, mood, and personality before they even speak.

姿态 – 在站立或坐下时维持身体的方式。角色的姿态能在他们开口之前就告诉观众其地位、情绪和个性。

Mime – Acting without words or props, using only physical movement to tell a story or create an object. Precise, exaggerated actions are key to making mime believable and understandable.

哑剧 – 不用语言或道具，仅用身体动作来讲述故事或创造物体的表演。精准而夸张的动作是使哑剧可信且易懂的关键。

Freeze-Frame (Tableau) – A moment when performers freeze in position, like a photograph or statue. It is used to highlight an important moment, convey a relationship, or allow the audience to study the image.

定格（静态画面） – 表演者像照片或雕塑一样静止不动的瞬间。它用于强调重要时刻、传达人物关系，或让观众仔细审视画面。

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3. Rehearsal Process and Character Development | 排练过程与角色发展

Improvisation – Creating dialogue and action spontaneously without a script. Improvisation helps actors explore a character’s reactions naturally and build confidence in their creative choices.

即兴表演 – 在没有剧本的情况下自发地创造台词和动作。即兴表演能帮助演员自然地探索角色的反应，并增强对自己创造性选择的信心。

Blocking – The precise plan of where and when actors move on stage. Directors and performers agree on blocking during rehearsals so that movements support the story and are safe and visible.

走位 – 关于演员在舞台上移动地点与时间的精确规划。导演和演员在排练中确定走位，以确保动作支持叙事、安全且能被观众看见。

Stage Directions – Written instructions in a script that tell actors where to move, how to speak, or what mood to adopt. They are usually printed in italics and are essential for understanding the playwright’s vision.

舞台提示 – 剧本中的文字说明，告诉演员应往哪里移动、如何说台词或采用何种情绪。它们通常以斜体印刷，对理解剧作者的设想至关重要。

Hot Seating – A rehearsal technique where an actor stays in character while being questioned by the director or other actors. It deepens understanding of the character’s background, thoughts, and motivations.

坐针毡 – 一种排练技巧：演员保持在角色中，接受导演或其他演员的提问。它能加深对角色背景、想法和动机的理解。

Thought-Tracking – A technique where actors speak aloud a character’s inner thoughts during a scene. This can be done by freezing the action and stepping forward to reveal hidden emotions or private reflections.

思维追踪 – 演员在场景中大声说出角色内心想法的技巧。可通过定格动作并上前一步来揭示隐藏的情绪或私下所思。

Role-on-the-Wall – A visual character-building tool. An outline of a figure is drawn, and inside the outline, actors write the character’s inner feelings; outside, they list facts, appearance, and what others say about them.

墙上角色 – 一种视觉化的角色塑造工具。画出一个轮廓，演员在轮廓内写下角色的内在感受，在外侧列出事实、外表以及别人对该角色的评价。

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4. Stage Configurations and Positions | 舞台配置与位置

Proscenium Arch – A traditional stage where the audience sits on one side, looking through a framed opening. This ‘picture frame’ stage often uses a curtain and allows for elaborate scenery hidden in the wings.

镜框式舞台 – 一种传统的舞台，观众坐在一侧，透过一个框架开口观看。这种“画框”式舞台通常使用帷幕，并可将精美的布景隐藏在侧台。

Thrust Stage – A stage that extends into the audience, with spectators on three sides. It creates a more intimate connection between performers and the audience, requiring careful blocking so no one is blocked from view.

伸出式舞台 – 向观众席延伸的舞台，三面有观众。它拉近了演员与观众之间的距离，创造更亲密的联系，但需要精心走位以免遮挡任何一面的视线。

In-the-Round – A performance space completely surrounded by the audience. There is no traditional ‘front’, so actors must constantly rotate and use their whole body to communicate, making set design very minimal.

圆形舞台 – 四面被观众包围的表演空间。没有传统的“正面”，因此演员必须不断转身并用全身表达，布景设计要求极简。

Upstage / Downstage – Upstage refers to the area furthest from the audience; downstage is closest to the audience. Moving downstage often draws focus, while upstage can imply retreat or secrecy.

后舞台/前舞台 – 后舞台指离观众最远的区域，前舞台指离观众最近的区域。走到前舞台往往能吸引注意力，而退至后舞台可能暗示退缩或隐秘。

Stage Left / Stage Right – Always given from the actor’s perspective when facing the audience. So stage left is the actor’s left, and stage right is the actor’s right. This avoids confusion during rehearsal.

舞台左/舞台右 – 始终以演员面向观众时的视角为准。因此舞台左是演员的左侧，舞台右是演员的右侧。这样可避免排练时产生混淆。

Centre Stage – The very middle of the acting area, often considered the most powerful position. Standing centre stage naturally commands attention and is frequently used for important speeches or climaxes.

舞台中央 – 表演区正中间的位置，常被认为是最具力量的位置。站在舞台中央能自然地掌控注意力，常用于重要独白或高潮部分。

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5. Lighting Terminology | 灯光术语

Fresnel – A type of lantern that produces a soft-edged beam of light, often used for general washing of the stage. The beam can be adjusted in size, making it versatile for covering larger areas evenly.

菲涅尔灯 – 一种能发出边缘柔和光束的灯具，常用于舞台整体铺光。光束大小可调，能灵活地均匀覆盖较大区域。

Profile Spot – A lantern that creates a hard-edged, focused beam. It can project sharp shapes or patterns, and is ideal for highlighting a single performer or a specific area with precision.

造型聚光灯 – 能产生硬边、聚焦光束的灯具。它可以投射出清晰的形状或图案，理想用于精准地突出单个演员或特定区域。

Flood – A simple lantern that spreads a wide, unfocused wash of light. Floodlights are useful for colouring a cyclorama or quickly brightening large sections of the stage with no defined edge.

泛光灯 – 一种简单的灯具，发出宽广而未经聚焦的光束。泛光灯适用于为天幕着色，或迅速明亮地铺满大片舞台，光束无清晰边缘。

Gobo – A thin metal or glass disc placed inside a profile spot to project a pattern, such as leaves, windows, or abstract textures. Gobos help create atmosphere and suggest location instantly.

图案片 – 放置在造型聚光灯内部的金属或玻璃薄片，用以投射出图案，如树叶、窗户或抽象纹理。图案片能迅速营造气氛并暗示场景地点。

Gel – A transparent coloured filter placed in front of a lantern to change the colour of the light. Gels can mix to create new hues and are essential for creating mood, time of day, and visual style.

色纸 – 放置在灯具前的透明彩色滤片，用于改变光色。色纸可以混合产生新色调，对营造情绪、表明时间与视觉风格至关重要。

Blackout – An instant total absence of light on stage. It is often used to end a scene, build tension, or hide a set change. A blackout cue must be perfectly timed for dramatic impact.

暗场 – 舞台上瞬间的完全无光状态。常用于结束一场戏、营造紧张感或隐藏换景。暗场提示的节奏必须精准才能达到戏剧冲击力。

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6. Sound Terminology | 声音术语

Sound Effect – A recorded or live sound, such as thunder, a telephone ring, or footsteps, used to support the action on stage. It helps build the world of the play and can increase realism or dramatic tension.

音效 – 预先录制或现场发出的声音，如雷鸣、电话铃声或脚步声，用以配合舞台动作。它能帮助构建戏剧世界，增强真实感或戏剧张力。

Underscore – Music played quietly under dialogue or action to enhance the mood without distracting. It can subtly influence how the audience feels about a scene, such as adding tension or sadness.

配乐衬底 – 在对话或动作进行时轻声播放的音乐，意在增强情绪而不分散注意力。它能微妙地影响观众对场景的感受，例如增添紧张或悲伤。

Diegetic Sound – Sound that originates within the world of the play and can be heard by the characters, such as an onstage radio. It belongs to the fictional reality and helps define the environment.

剧情内声音 – 源自戏剧世界内部、可被角色听见的声音，如舞台上的收音机。它属于虚构的真实空间，有助于定义环境。

Non-Diegetic Sound – Sound that only the audience hears, not the characters, like an orchestral score or a narrator’s voice-over. It comments on the action and shapes the audience’s emotional response.

剧情外声音 – 只有观众而非角色能听见的声音，如管弦乐配乐或旁白画外音。它对台上动作加以评述，并影响观众的情感反应。

Fade In / Fade Out – The gradual increase or decrease in volume. A fade in can gently introduce a sound or atmosphere, while a fade out often signals the end of a scene or a change in mood.

淡入/淡出 – 音量的逐渐增强或减弱。淡入能轻柔地引入一段声音或气氛，淡出则通常标志着一场戏的结束或情绪的转变。

Cue – The signal for a sound operator to start or stop a specific sound. In drama, a cue is also any action or line that triggers the next event, ensuring perfect timing among all technical elements.

提示 – 声音操作员开始或停止某特定声音的信号。在戏剧中，提示也可以指触发下一事件的动作或台词，确保所有技术元素完美同步。

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7. Set, Props and Costume | 布景、道具与服装

Flat – A lightweight wooden frame covered with canvas or plywood, painted to look like a wall. Flats are joined together to create the illusion of rooms and can be quickly moved during scene changes.

景片 – 一个轻质的木框，覆以帆布或胶合板，并绘制成墙壁模样。景片可连接起来创造房间的幻觉，并能快速移动完成换景。

Cyclorama – A large, curved back wall or stretched cloth at the rear of the stage, often lit with colour to represent the sky or an abstract backdrop. It gives depth and can change the whole atmosphere instantly.

天幕 – 一块位于舞台后方的大型弧形墙面或绷紧的幕布，通常用彩色灯光打亮以表现天空或抽象背景。它赋予舞台深度并能瞬间改变整体气氛。

Trap Door – An opening cut into the stage floor that allows actors or props to appear from below or disappear. It can create magical entrances or surprise effects when used cleverly.

活板门 – 舞台上开在地板上的洞口，可使演员或道具从下方登场或消失。巧妙运用时能创造神奇的上场或惊奇效果。

Personal Prop – A small item carried or handled by a specific actor, such as a letter, a fan, or a weapon. Personal props help define character and often play a vital part in the plot.

个人道具 – 由特定演员携带或处理的小物件，如信件、扇子或武器。个人道具有助于塑造角色，且常在情节中起关键作用。

Set Prop – A larger item that is part of the set dressing, like a sofa, a clock, or a chandelier. It stays on stage to define the environment and is not usually carried by actors.

布景道具 – 布置舞台环境的较大物件，如沙发、时钟或枝形吊灯。它放置在台上以定义环境，演员通常不随身携带。

Period Costume – Clothing that is historically accurate to a particular era. Wearing a period costume instantly tells the audience when the play is set and helps actors adopt the physicality of the time.

时代服装 – 历史上某个特定时期的准确服饰。穿上时代服装能立即告知观众剧情发生的年代

Published by TutorHao | Year 8 戏剧 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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