AS AQA Psychology: Summer Preparation and Bridging Course | AS AQA 心理学：暑期预习与衔接课程

📚 AS AQA Psychology: Summer Preparation and Bridging Course | AS AQA 心理学：暑期预习与衔接课程

Welcome to AS AQA Psychology! This bridging guide is designed to help you transition smoothly into the course and make the most of your summer. You’ll discover what to expect from the syllabus, how to build key skills, and how to prepare effectively before the term begins. Whether you have studied psychology before or are completely new to the subject, this article will give you a clear head start.

欢迎来到AS AQA心理学！这本衔接指南旨在帮助你平稳过渡到这门课程，并充分利用你的暑期。你将了解教学大纲的内容、如何培养关键技能，以及如何在学期开始前进行有效准备。无论你以前是否学过心理学，这篇文章都会给你一个清晰的起点。

1. Introduction to AS AQA Psychology | AS AQA 心理学简介

AS Psychology is a linear course assessed entirely by written examination. It introduces the scientific study of human mind and behaviour, covering topics such as social influence, memory, attachment, approaches, psychopathology, and research methods. The AQA specification emphasises not just knowledge of theories but also the ability to apply, analyse, and evaluate psychological research.

AS 心理学是一门完全通过笔试评估的线性课程。它介绍对人类心智和行为的科学研究，涵盖社会影响、记忆、依恋、心理学流派、心理病理学以及研究方法等主题。AQA 大纲不仅强调理论知识的掌握，更注重应用、分析和评价心理学研究的能力。

The course encourages you to think critically about evidence and to understand how psychologists conduct research. You will learn both classic studies and contemporary findings, building a foundation for further study at A-Level or university.

该课程鼓励你批判性地看待证据，并理解心理学家是如何开展研究的。你将学习经典研究和当代研究成果，为进一步的 A-Level 或大学学习打下基础。

2. Overview of the AS Exam Structure | 考试结构概览

AS AQA Psychology consists of two examination papers, both taken at the end of the academic year. Each paper is 1 hour 30 minutes long and worth 72 marks. Understanding the structure early helps you allocate revision time effectively.

AS AQA 心理学包含两份试卷，均在学年末进行。每份试卷时长 1 小时 30 分钟，总分值 72 分。提前了解结构有助于你有效分配复习时间。

Paper	Content	Assessment
Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology	Social Influence, Memory, Attachment	Multiple choice, short answer, and extended writing (24 marks per section)
Paper 2: Psychology in Context	Approaches in Psychology, Psychopathology, Research Methods	Multiple choice, short answer, and extended writing; Research Methods includes mathematical skills

Both papers assess three Assessment Objectives: AO1 (knowledge and understanding), AO2 (application), and AO3 (analysis and evaluation). Being familiar with these objectives will help you tailor your answers to earn maximum marks.

两份试卷均考查三个评估目标：AO1（知识与理解）、AO2（应用）和 AO3（分析与评价）。熟悉这些目标将有助于你调整答题策略以获得最高分。

3. Approaches in Psychology | 心理学流派

The ‘Approaches’ topic introduces the major perspectives in psychology, including behaviourist, cognitive, biological, psychodynamic, and humanistic approaches. You need to understand the assumptions, key concepts, and strengths and limitations of each approach.

“流派”课题介绍了心理学的主要视角，包括行为主义、认知、生物、心理动力学和人本主义流派。你需要理解每种流派的假设、关键概念及其优缺点。

For summer preparation, start by watching short documentaries or reading summaries of Watson and Skinner (behaviourist), the cognitive revolution, and the role of neurotransmitters. This will give you a head start with the terminology.

作为暑期预习，你可以从观看短片或阅读关于华生和斯金纳（行为主义）、认知革命以及神经递质作用的摘要开始。这将帮助你提前熟悉术语。

Make a simple timeline showing when each approach emerged. This helps you see how psychological thought has evolved over time.

制作一个简单的时间轴，显示每个流派的出现时间。这有助于你了解心理学思想如何随时间演变。

4. Research Methods | 研究方法

Research Methods forms a central part of AS Psychology and is explicitly examined in Paper 2. You will learn about experimental designs (independent groups, repeated measures, matched pairs), observational techniques, self-report methods, and correlational analysis.

研究方法是 AS 心理学的核心部分，并在试卷 2 中明确考查。你将学习实验设计（独立组、重复测量、配对组）、观察技术、自我报告法和相关分析。

Familiarise yourself with basic experimental terminology: independent variable (IV), dependent variable (DV), extraneous variables, and hypothesis writing. A strong grasp of ethical guidelines (consent, deception, protection from harm) is also essential.

熟悉基本的实验术语：自变量（IV）、因变量（DV）、额外变量以及假设的撰写。扎实掌握伦理准则（知情同意、欺骗、免受伤害的保护）也非常重要。

You should also begin practising simple descriptive statistics: mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation. Many students find the maths aspect challenging, so early exposure is valuable.

你还应该开始练习简单的描述性统计：均值、中位数、众数、极差和标准差。很多学生觉得数学部分有挑战，因此提前接触很有价值。

5. Memory | 记忆

The Memory topic covers models of memory, explanations for forgetting, and factors affecting the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. Key studies include the multi-store model (Atkinson and Shiffrin) and the working memory model (Baddeley and Hitch).

记忆课题涵盖记忆模型、遗忘的解释以及影响目击者证词准确性的因素。核心研究包括多储存模型（Atkinson 和 Shiffrin）和工作记忆模型（Baddeley 和 Hitch）。

Over the summer, you could read about the classic case of HM to understand the distinction between short-term and long-term memory. It brings the theories to life.

在暑期，你可以阅读经典案例 HM 的故事，以理解短时记忆和长时记忆的区别。这能让理论变得生动。

Create flashcards linking each model to its key components and supporting studies. For example, ‘Central Executive’ in the working memory model is responsible for attention and coordination.

制作抽认卡，将每个模型与其关键组成和支持研究联系起来。例如，工作记忆模型中的“中央执行器”负责注意力和协调。

6. Social Influence | 社会影响

Social Influence examines how individuals’ behaviour is affected by others. The topic is split into conformity, obedience, and minority influence. You will study famous experiments such as Asch’s line study, Milgram’s obedience study, and Zimbardo’s Stanford prison experiment.

社会影响考察个体行为如何受他人影响。该课题分为从众、服从和少数派影响。你将学习著名实验，如 Asch 的线段研究、Milgram 的服从实验和 Zimbardo 的斯坦福监狱实验。

A useful summer activity is to watch interviews or documentaries about these experiments and reflect on the ethical issues they raise. Understanding the ethical debates now will strengthen your evaluation skills later.

一个有用的暑期活动是观看关于这些实验的采访或纪录片，并思考它们引发的伦理问题。现在理解伦理争议，将能加强你之后的评价能力。

Try to explain the difference between compliance, identification, and internalisation to a friend or family member—it is a good test of your own understanding.

尝试向朋友或家人解释顺从、认同和内化的区别——这是检验你自身理解的好方法。

7. Attachment | 依恋

Attachment focuses on the emotional bond between an infant and caregiver. Topics include caregiver‑infant interactions, stages of attachment, multiple attachments, and the role of the father. Ainsworth’s Strange Situation and cultural variations are central.

依恋侧重于婴儿与照料者之间的情感纽带。课题包括照料者与婴儿的互动、依恋阶段、多重依恋以及父亲的角色。Ainsworth 的陌生情境实验和文化差异是其核心。

You will also learn about Bowlby’s monotropic theory and maternal deprivation hypothesis, as well as studies on institutionalisation such as Rutter’s research on Romanian orphans.

你还将学习 Bowlby 的单一依赖性理论和母爱剥夺假说，以及关于机构照料的研究，如 Rutter 对罗马尼亚孤儿的研究。

As a summer starter, watch a short animation or video on the Strange Situation procedure. Then write a paragraph describing it from memory. This active recall technique will help when you formally study the topic.

作为暑期入门，观看一个关于陌生情境程序的动画或视频。然后凭记忆写一段描述。这种主动回忆技巧会帮助你在正式学习该课题时更轻松。

8. Psychopathology | 心理病理学

Psychopathology introduces definitions of abnormality (statistical infrequency, deviation from social norms, failure to function adequately, and deviation from ideal mental health). You then study three disorders: phobias, depression, and obsessive‑compulsive disorder (OCD), each examined through behavioural, cognitive, and biological approaches.

心理病理学介绍了异常的定义（统计稀有性、偏离社会常模、功能失调障碍以及偏离理想心理健康）。然后你将学习三种障碍：恐惧症、抑郁症和强迫症（OCD），并分别从行为、认知和生物角度进行探讨。

This topic encourages you to think about the strengths and weaknesses of diagnostic labels and treatments. Familiarise yourself with systematic desensitisation for phobias and cognitive behavioural therapy for depression.

该课题鼓励你思考诊断标签和治疗方法的优点与缺点。请预先了解恐惧症的系统脱敏疗法和抑郁症的认知行为疗法。

To prepare, look up the key symptoms of each disorder on a reliable health website. Avoid self‑diagnosis, of course; focus purely on the clinical criteria.

为了预习，请在可靠的健康网站上查找每种障碍的关键症状。当然要避免自我诊断，纯粹关注临床标准即可。

9. Essential Skills: Maths and Research Analysis | 必备技能：数学与研究分析

At least 10% of the marks in AS Psychology require mathematical competence. You will need to calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion, interpret graphs, and understand probability and significance.

AS 心理学中至少 10% 的分数要求数学能力。你需要计算集中趋势和离散度的测量指标、解释图表，并理解概率和显著性的概念。

Key mathematical content includes ratios, percentages, fractions, and the ability to perform arithmetic calculations. Practice converting raw data into a table and then calculating the mean: sum of all values divided by number of values.

关键的数学内容包括比、百分比、分数，以及执行算术计算的能力。请练习将原始数据转换为表格，然后计算均值：所有数值之和除以数值的个数。

You do not need advanced statistics such as T-tests at AS, but you should know the signs test for significance. Understanding the concept of ‘p < 0.05' is important.

你在 AS 阶段不需要掌握 T 检验等高级统计，但需要了解用于显著性检验的符号检验。理解 “p < 0.05" 的概念很重要。

10. Building Your Psychology Vocabulary | 建立心理学词汇

Psychology has a rich technical vocabulary. Terms such as ‘schema’, ‘neurotransmitter’, ‘reinforcement’, and ‘operationalisation’ appear regularly. Building a glossary over the summer will save you time and confusion later.

心理学拥有丰富的专业词汇。诸如“图式”、“神经递质”、“强化”和“操作化”等术语经常出现。在暑期建立一个词汇表，能为你之后节省时间并避免困惑。

Create a digital or physical notebook. For each term, write a simple definition and an example from everyday life. For instance, ‘negative reinforcement’ is not punishment; it is removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behaviour, such as taking a painkiller to stop a headache.

创建一本电子或纸质笔记本。为每个术语写下简单的定义和一个日常生活中的例子。例如，“负强化”不是惩罚：它是移除一个不愉快的刺激以增加行为，比如服用止痛药来止住头痛。

Set a target of learning five new terms per week. This manageable pace will give you confidence when you encounter them in textbooks.

设定一个每周学习五个新术语的目标。这种可控的节奏会让你在教科书中遇到它们时充满信心。

11. Effective Summer Preparation Strategies | 有效暑期预习策略

Your summer should blend rest with meaningful preparation. Below are practical strategies designed to give you an advantage without overwhelming your holiday.

你的暑期应当将休息与有意义的准备结合起来。以下是实用的策略，旨在让你获得优势，而不会让假期不堪重负。

Read one accessible psychology book, such as ‘The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat’ by Oliver Sacks or ‘Psychology: A Very Short Introduction’. These books provide engaging case studies and foundational ideas.

阅读一本通俗的心理学书籍，如 Oliver Sacks 的《错把妻子当帽子》或《心理学：非常简短的介绍》。这些书籍提供了引人入胜的案例研究和基础思想。

Watch educational YouTube channels like Tutor2u or Psych Boost specifically designed for AQA Psychology. They break down complex studies into short, visual presentations.

观看专门为 AQA 心理学设计的教育类 YouTube 频道，如 Tutor2u 或 Psych Boost。它们将复杂的研究分解为短小的可视化演示。

Start an online document with key words, dates, and researcher names for each topic. Use colour coding to highlight strengths and limitations of studies—this early start lays the groundwork for evaluation essays.

启动一份在线文档，记录每个课题的关键词、日期和研究者姓名。使用颜色编码标出研究的优点和局限性——这种早期起步为评价性论文奠定了基础。

12. Additional Resources and Final Tips | 额外资源与最后提示

Invest in the official AQA-approved textbook, such as ‘AQA Psychology for A Level Year 1 & AS’ by Flanagan, Berry, and Liddle. While you do not need to read it cover to cover during summer, scanning the chapters will familiarise you with the layout and style of presentation.

投资购买 AQA 官方认可的教科书，如 Flanagan、Berry 和 Liddle 编写的《AQA Psychology for A Level Year 1 & AS》。虽然你不需要在暑期从头读到尾，但浏览各章能让你熟悉版面和呈现风格。

Join a study group or online forum for AS Psychology students to discuss ideas. Explaining a concept to someone else is one of the best ways to solidify your own understanding.

加入 AS 心理学学生的学习小组或在线论坛，讨论各种观点。向他人解释一个概念是巩固自己理解的最佳方式之一。

Finally, remember that psychology is not just about memorising facts; it is about thinking critically and applying knowledge to real‑world situations. Approach your summer preparation with curiosity, and you will arrive in September ready to excel.

最后，请记住心理学不仅仅是记忆事实，更是批判性思考和将知识应用于现实世界。带着好奇心进行暑期预习，你将在九月抵达课堂时准备好大放异彩。

Published by TutorHao | Psychology Revision Series | aleveler.com

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