📚 KS3 CIE Moments Worksheet | KS3 CIE 力矩练习与讲解
In KS3 Science, a moment is the turning effect of a force. This worksheet explains how to calculate moments, use the principle of moments, and avoid common errors.
在 KS3 科学中，力矩是力产生的转动效果。本练习讲解如何计算力矩、使用力矩原理并避免常见错误。
1. What is a Moment? | 什么是力矩？
A moment is the turning effect of a force acting on an object around a pivot. When you push a door open, tighten a nut with a spanner, or sit on a see-saw, you are using moments.
力矩是力作用在物体上时绕支点产生的转动效果。当你推开门、用扳手拧螺母或坐在跷跷板上时，你都在使用力矩。
The size of a moment depends on two things: the size of the force and the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force.
力矩的大小取决于两个因素：力的大小，以及从支点到力的作用线的垂直距离。
- Pivot – the fixed point that the object turns around. 支点——物体绕其转动的固定点。
- Line of action – the imaginary line that a force acts along. 作用线——力沿其作用的假想线。
2. The Moment Equation | 力矩公式
You can calculate a moment using this equation:
你可以使用以下公式计算力矩：
moment = force × perpendicular distance from pivot
M = F × d
In this equation, M stands for moment, F stands for force, and d stands for the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force.
在这个公式中，M 表示力矩，F 表示力，d 表示从支点到力的作用线的垂直距离。
Always check that the distance is measured at a right angle to the direction of the force. This is the perpendicular distance.
一定要检查距离是与力的方向成直角测量的。这就是垂直距离。
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