📚 Reaction of Metal Oxides with Acids | 金属氧化物与酸的反应
Metal oxides are compounds formed when metals react with oxygen. Many metal oxides are bases, meaning they can neutralise acids to form a salt and water. This reaction is a key topic in KS3 Chemistry and appears frequently in CIE-style worksheets. Understanding the pattern helps you predict products and write word equations confidently.
金属氧化物是金属与氧气反应生成的化合物。许多金属氧化物是碱，也就是说它们能中和酸，生成盐和水。这个反应是 KS3 化学的重要主题，也经常出现在 CIE 风格的练习题中。理解这一规律有助于你预测产物并自信地书写文字方程式。
1. What are metal oxides? | 什么是金属氧化物？
A metal oxide is a compound containing a metal and oxygen. Examples include copper(II) oxide (CuO), magnesium oxide (MgO) and iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃). These compounds are usually solid at room temperature and many are insoluble in water.
金属氧化物是含有金属和氧的化合物。例如氧化铜 (CuO)、氧化镁 (MgO) 和氧化铁 (Fe₂O₃)。这些化合物在室温下通常是固体，其中许多不溶于水。
Metal oxides can be formed by burning metals in air or oxygen. For example, magnesium burns with a bright white flame to form white magnesium oxide. The general word equation for this formation is metal + oxygen → metal oxide.
金属氧化物可以通过在空气或氧气中燃烧金属来生成。例如，镁燃烧时发出明亮的白色火焰，生成白色氧化镁。这种生成反应的一般文字方程式是：金属 + 氧气 → 金属氧化物。
2. Metal oxides as bases | 金属氧化物作为碱
A base is a substance that can react with an acid to form a salt and water. Most metal oxides are bases because they can carry out this neutralisation reaction. Bases are the chemical opposite of acids.
碱是能与酸反应生成盐和水的物质。大多数金属氧化物是碱，因为它们可以进行这种中和反应。碱在化学上是酸的对立面。
Some bases, such as sodium hydroxide, dissolve in water and are called alkalis. However, most metal oxides do not dissolve in water, so they are insoluble bases rather than alkalis. This difference is important when designing experiments to make salts.
一些碱（如氢氧化钠）溶于水，称为可溶性碱。但是，大多数金属氧化物不溶于水，因此它们是不溶性碱，而不是可溶性碱。在设计制备盐的实验时，这一区别非常重要。
3. The general word equation | 通用文字方程式
The reaction between a metal oxide and an acid always follows the same pattern. In words, the general equation is:
金属氧化物与酸的反应总是遵循相同的模式。用文字表示，通用方程式为：
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