The Reactions of Metals with Water | 金属与水的反应

📚 The Reactions of Metals with Water | 金属与水的反应

Some metals react with cold water to release hydrogen gas and form an alkaline solution called a metal hydroxide. Other metals react only with steam, and some do not react with water at all. Comparing these reactions helps us place metals in the reactivity series and predict how dangerous a reaction might be.

一些金属能与冷水反应，释放出氢气并生成称为金属氢氧化物的碱性溶液。另一些金属只能与水蒸气反应，还有一些金属则完全不与水反应。通过比较这些反应，我们可以把金属放进金属活动性顺序中，并预测某个反应可能有多危险。

1. Why Study Metal-Water Reactions? | 为什么研究金属与水的反应？

Metals react with water at very different speeds. Potassium reacts violently with a lilac flame, sodium fizzes and moves around, calcium bubbles steadily, magnesium is very slow, and copper does not react at all. These differences tell us about the reactivity of each metal.

不同金属与水的反应速度差别很大。钾会伴紫丁香色火焰剧烈反应，钠嘶嘶作响并四处游动，钙会持续冒泡，镁反应非常缓慢，而铜则完全不反应。这些差异告诉我们每种金属的活泼性。

In the laboratory, we never treat all metals in the same way. Reactive metals are stored under oil and handled with forceps, while less reactive metals such as copper can be used for water pipes and kettles.

在实验室中，我们不会用同一种方式处理所有金属。活泼金属保存在油中并用镊子操作，而铜等活泼性较弱的金属可以用于制造水管和水壶。

2. The General Word Equation and Products | 一般文字方程式与产物

The general word equation for a reactive metal reacting with cold water is:

活泼金属与冷水反应的一般文字方程式为：

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