Volume and Surface Area: Prisms and Cylinders | 棱柱与圆柱的体积和表面积

📚 Volume and Surface Area: Prisms and Cylinders | 棱柱与圆柱的体积和表面积

This revision guide covers the Cambridge KS3 (Stage 9) methods for finding volumes and surface areas of prisms and cylinders. It is written to support questions such as the exercise found on p229_2.pdf, where you may need to calculate the volume, surface area, or a missing dimension of a 3D solid.

本复习指南涵盖剑桥 KS3（第九阶段）中棱柱和圆柱的体积与表面积计算方法，并针对 p229_2.pdf 中的类似题目提供支持。在这类题目中，你可能需要计算立体图形的体积、表面积或某个缺失的尺寸。

1. Key Vocabulary and Units | 核心词汇与单位

In KS3 Cambridge mathematics, ‘volume’ means the amount of space inside a solid shape, and ‘surface area’ means the total area of all outer faces. You measure volume in cubic units such as cm³, m³ or mm³, and surface area in square units such as cm² or m².

在 KS3 剑桥数学中，“体积”指立体图形内部空间的大小，“表面积”指所有外表面面积的总和。体积用立方单位（如 cm³、m³ 或 mm³）表示，表面积用平方单位（如 cm² 或 m²）表示。

A prism is a 3D shape with a constant cross-section along its length. A cylinder has a circular cross-section and is also treated as a special prism. The key idea is that the same cross-section is repeated along the entire length.

棱柱是一种横截面沿长度方向保持不变的立体图形。圆柱的横截面

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