IGCSE Cambridge Drama: Formula and Theorem Quick Reference Handbook | IGCSE 剑桥戏剧：公式定理速查手册

📚 IGCSE Cambridge Drama: Formula and Theorem Quick Reference Handbook | IGCSE 剑桥戏剧：公式定理速查手册

Drama is not a subject of fixed equations, but quick-reference ‘formulae’ can help you recall how tension, character, space and technical elements combine in performance. This handbook turns the core ideas of the Cambridge IGCSE Drama syllabus into accessible formulas, laws and theorems for revision.

戏剧并不是一门依赖固定公式的学科，但速查“公式”可以帮助你回忆张力、角色、空间与技术元素如何在表演中结合。这本手册将剑桥 IGCSE 戏剧大纲的核心概念转化为便于复习的公式、法则与定理。

---

1. The Core Tension Equation | 核心张力公式

Tension = Objective + Obstacle

Tension rises when a character wants something (objective) and something or someone blocks that want (obstacle). The stronger the want and the harder the block, the greater the tension.

当角色想要某事物（目标），而某事物或某人阻碍这一愿望（障碍）时，张力就会上升。愿望越强烈、阻碍越大，张力就越强。

A scene with no obstacle becomes flat: two characters agreeing with each other produces no conflict. Add a time limit, a secret or a rival goal to sharpen the tension.

没有障碍的场景会显得平淡：两个角色互相赞同不会产生冲突。加入时间限制、秘密或对立目标可以增强张力。

For devised work, you can plan tension in beats: introduce the objective, reveal the obstacle, raise the stakes, and then release or explode at the climax.

在编创作品中，你可以按节拍设计张力：引入目标、揭示障碍、提高风险，然后在高潮处释放或爆发。

---

2. The Three Building Blocks of Performance | 表演三要素

Performance = Voice + Body + Space

Voice includes projection, clarity, pitch, pace, pause, tone and accent. Body includes posture, gesture, facial expression, gait and eye contact. Space includes levels, proxemics, blocking and use of set.

声音包括音量、清晰度、音高、语速、停顿、语气与口音。肢体包括姿态、手势、面部表情、步态与眼神交流。空间包括层次、人际距离、走位与布景使用。

Voice: volume, pitch, pace, pause, tone, articulation.

声音：音量、音高、语速、停顿、语气、咬字。

Body: posture, gesture, facial expression, eye contact, movement quality.

肢体：姿态、手势、面部表情、眼神交流、动作质感。

Space: levels, proximity, stage areas, set and props.

空间：层次、亲疏距离、舞台区域、布景与道具。

In the exam, link at least one choice from each block to the intended effect on the audience.

在考试中，至少要从每个要素中选择一个选择项，并联系到对观众的预期效果。

---

3. Stage Space Geometry | 舞台空间几何

Stage Power ≈ Proximity to Audience + Centre Line + Height

Downstage centre usually carries the most focus because it is closest to the audience and on the central sightline. Upstage areas feel more distant or less dominant. Height on a platform or rostra adds status and visibility.

舞台前部中央通常最聚焦，因为它离观众最近且位于中心视线。后部区域则显得更远或次要。平台或台阶上的高度能增加地位与可见度。

USR Upstage Right	USC Upstage Centre	USL Upstage Left
CSR Centre Stage Right	CS Centre Stage	CSL Centre Stage Left
DSR Downstage Right	DSC Downstage Centre	DSL Downstage Left

Stage directions are written from the actor’s point of view, not the audience’s. Stage right is the actor’s right when facing the audience.

舞台方位从演员视角书写，而非观众视角。舞台右侧是演员面对观众时的右手边。

Proxemics also follows a formula: close distance = intimacy or threat; far distance = alienation or isolation. Changes in proxemics show shifts in relationship.

人际距离也遵循一条法则：近距离 = 亲密或威胁；远距离 = 疏离或孤立。距离变化显示关系的变化。

---

4. Vocal and Physical Formulae | 声音与肢体公式

Vocal Variety = Volume + Pitch + Pace + Pause + Tone

Vocal variety keeps an audience engaged and reveals character. A slow pace with low pitch can suggest sadness or control; a fast pace with high pitch can suggest panic or excitement.

声音变化能使观众保持投入并揭示角色。缓慢语速与低音高可能表示悲伤或克制；快速语速与高音高可能表示恐慌或兴奋。

Physical Characterisation = Posture + Gesture + Facial Expression + Gait + Eye Contact

Physical choices should be repeatable and motivated. For example, a high-status character may lead from the chest, use open gestures and hold long eye contact; a low-status character may shrink, fidget or avoid eye contact.

肢体选择应当可重复且有动机。例如，地位高的角色可能挺胸、手势开放、保持长时间眼神交流；地位低的角色可能蜷缩、坐立不安或回避眼神。

Published by TutorHao | IGCSE 戏剧 Revision Series | aleveler.com

更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）