IGCSE WJEC Physical Education: Key Terms Quick Memorisation Guide | IGCSE WJEC 体育：词汇术语速记指南

📚 IGCSE WJEC Physical Education: Key Terms Quick Memorisation Guide | IGCSE WJEC 体育：词汇术语速记指南

In WJEC IGCSE Physical Education, marks are won or lost on precise terminology. This guide groups the most examined terms into eleven quick-revision sections, with clear definitions, examples and memory hooks.

在 WJEC IGCSE 体育考试中，分数往往取决于术语是否准确。本指南把最高频考点术语分为十一个速记小节，配以清晰的定义、示例和记忆钩子。

1. Skeletal System and Joints | 骨骼系统与关节

The skeleton has five main functions: support, protection, movement, mineral storage and blood cell production. Use the phrase “Some People Move More Bones” to remember them.

骨骼有五大功能：支持、保护、运动、矿物质储存和血细胞生成。可用英文口诀 “Some People Move More Bones” 来记忆。

For movement analysis, classify joints into hinge (elbow, knee), ball-and-socket (shoulder, hip), pivot (neck), condyloid (wrist), gliding (carpals, tarsals) and saddle (thumb).

运动分析时，关节可分为铰链关节（肘、膝）、球窝关节（肩、髋）、枢轴关节（颈部）、髁状关节（腕）、滑动关节（腕骨、跗骨）和鞍状关节（拇指）。

The hinge joint permits flexion and extension, while the ball-and-socket joint permits the widest range of movement including rotation. Ligaments join bone to bone, tendons join muscle to bone, and cartilage cushions the bone ends.

铰链关节允许屈伸，球窝关节允许包括旋转在内的最大活动范围。韧带连接骨与骨，肌腱连接肌肉与骨，软骨缓冲骨端。

2. Muscular System and Movement | 肌肉系统与运动

Muscles work in pairs across joints. The agonist contracts to create movement, the antagonist relaxes, the fixator stabilises the origin, and the synergist helps refine the movement.

肌肉跨关节成对工作。主动肌收缩产生动作，拮抗肌放松，固定肌稳定起点，协同肌帮助精细调控动作。