Mastering Key Concepts in PH01 International AS Physics (May 2023) | PH01国际AS物理（2023年5月）核心概念解析

📚 Mastering Key Concepts in PH01 International AS Physics (May 2023) | PH01国际AS物理（2023年5月）核心概念解析

The PH01 International AS Physics examination (Paper code PH01/INS, 9 May 2023) covers the cornerstone topics of mechanics, materials and fluid behaviour. This revision guide explains each key concept with parallel English and Chinese explanations, aligned to the Edexcel IAL specification. By mastering these ideas, you will confidently tackle multiple-choice, short-answer and longer structured questions.

PH01国际AS物理考试（试卷代码PH01/INS，2023年5月9日）涵盖力学、材料与流体行为的基础课题。本复习指南以中英文对照讲解每个核心概念，贴合爱德思IAL大纲。掌握这些知识，你将自信应对选择题、简答题和结构化长题。

1. Kinematics and Motion Graphs | 运动学与运动图像

Kinematics deals with the description of motion without considering its causes. Displacement s, velocity v and acceleration a are vectors; distance and speed are scalars. For uniform acceleration, four equations of motion (SUVAT) apply.

运动学描述运动的规律而不探究其原因。位移s、速度v和加速度a是矢量；路程和速率为标量。对于匀加速运动，可使用四个运动方程（SUVAT）。

v = u + a t

s = u t + ½ a t²

v² = u² + 2 a s

s = ½ (u + v) t

Here u is initial velocity, v final velocity, a constant acceleration, t time and s displacement.

其中u为初速度，v末速度，a恒定加速度，t时间，s位移。

Motion graphs provide powerful visual tools. On a displacement-time (s-t) graph, the gradient equals velocity. A straight line indicates constant velocity, a curve indicates changing velocity. On a velocity-time (v-t) graph, the gradient is acceleration, and the area under the graph gives displacement. An acceleration-time (a-t) graph area gives change in velocity.

运动图像提供了有力的视觉工具。在位移-时间(s-t)图上，斜率等于速度。直线表示匀速，曲线表示变速。在速度-时间(v-t)图上，斜率为加速度，图线下面积表示位移。加速度-时间(a-t)图面积则为速度变化量。

2. Projectile Motion | 抛体运动

Projectile motion is analysed by resolving the

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